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BAX In situ hybridization and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemical expressions in salivary gland tumours
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Background: Epithelial salivary gland tumours are relatively uncommon and constitute a wide spectrum of variable morphologic and biologic entities. The cell proliferation / death balance is most important in the development of salivary gland tumours. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of PCNA protein immunohistochemically and Bax mRNA gene using in situ hybridization techniques and to correlate between the clinicopathological features of salivary gland tumours with the expressions of PCNA protein and Bax mRNA. Materials and Methods: Forty nine formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of epithelial salivary gland tumours were used in this study. Haematoxylin and Eosin stain was used for reassessment of the histopathologic diagnosis. The cell proliferation activity was examined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry and proapoptotic cell death Bax mRNA gene was analysed by in situ hybridization techniques. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis show high expression of PCNA and was noted in 8 of 12 pleomorphic adenoma cases (66.67%), 15 of 19 adenoid cystic carcinoma cases (78.95 %), 6 of 7 mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases (85.71%), and 3 of 5 adenocarcinoma case (60 %). Significant difference was found between labeling index of benign and malignant salivary gland tumours, while no significant relationship was noted in labeling index between adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma neither between mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. In situ hybridization detection show low expression of Bax and was noted in only 3 cases of pleomorphic adenoma cases (25%), 10 cases in adenoid cystic carcinoma cases (52.63 %), however, mucoepidermoid carcinoma showed high expression of these markers than other salivary gland tumours, whereas adenocarcinoma show equal number of cases expressed both PCNA protein and Bax mRNA. No significant relationship was demonstrated between the immunostaining PCNA or Bax and the morphological growth pattern or patient clinical profile. Positive significant correlation was found between PCNA and Bax mRNA in pleomorphic adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cases. Conclusion: The high proliferative rate could explain the natural course of these tumours and the decreased expression of bax in salivary gland tumours indicate that loss of bax expression might give the tumour cells a double growth advantage because uncontrolled proliferation is combined with reduce cell death rate. The interaction may trigger a multistep process which is able to promote and may play a role in salivary gland tumour genesis, possibly by inhibiting the apoptosis mediated by Bax.

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 05 2019
Journal Name
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews
HUMAN LAB RATS IN JAMES DASHNER’S THE MAZE RUNNER SERIES (2009 – 2011): HISTORICAL REFERENCES, PRESENT ALLUSIONS, AND DYSTOPIAN FUTURE
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Purpose: This study aims to shed the light on allusions to real lab rats in Dashner’s trilogy: The Maze Runner (2009), The Scorch Trails (2010), and The Death Cure (2011).  It also aims to trace the historical documents and chronicles essential to reveal the justifications behind the vague political and scientific crimes.  Methodology: The researchers have used the literary analytical approach to study and analyze selected prominent aspects from each novel; such as the concept of lab rats and genocide crimes in The Maze Runner; references to weather experiments, the climate change conspiracy, gas chambers, and the Holocaust in The Scorch Trails; and finally, the man-made diseases and biological weapons in The Death Cure. Results

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 06 2026
Journal Name
Al-fatih Journal
A comparative study of resistance training on land and in the aqueousTo develop some capacity for three Al Wathba
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أن التطور العلمي الحاصل فيما يخص المجال الرياضي أرسى آفاق جديدة لمواكبة التطور الكبير في مجا ل الألعاب والفعاليات الرياضية المختلفة ,و أن تحقيق النتائج الجيدة في فعاليات العاب القوى بشكل عام والثلاثية بشكل خاص في التدريب الرياضي يتطلب إتباع الأساليب العلمية الدقيقة والموضوعية بشكل سليم ومخطط له،فضلا عنة تطبيق نظريات ومنحى جديد لمواكبة الاتجاهات الحديثة في تحقيق النتائج الجيدة للوصول إلى المستويات العالية

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 11 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of University Leaders' Behavior and the Faculty Members' Motivation towards the Work in the Iraqi Colleges of Nursing
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Objective(s): The present study aims at identifying the Iraqi Colleges of Nursing Deans' leadership
behaviors effectiveness and faculty members' motivation towards work in these colleges.
Methodology: Descriptive design has been used for the sample survey manner, which is the
appropriate approach to the study of social phenomena in the field where provides data on the reality of
these phenomena and relations between the causes and consequences and an analysis of it and perhaps
the factors affecting it and how it appears. The study relies on a questionnaire to collect data from the
participants which is composed of (86) items distributed on three axes: First, the demographic
characteristics which are composed of (8) i

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The use of the Biz method and classical methods in estimating the parameters of the binary logistic regression model
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Abstract

          Binary logistic regression model used in data classification and it is the strongest most flexible tool in study cases variable response binary when compared to linear regression. In this research, some classic methods were used to estimate parameters binary logistic regression model, included the maximum likelihood method, minimum chi-square method, weighted least squares, with bayes estimation , to choose the best method of estimation by default values to estimate parameters according two different models of general linear regression models ,and different s

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Protective Effects of Citronellol Against Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Inhibiting NF-κB and IL-1β
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Objectives: acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious pathophysiology side effect of rhabdomyolysis. Inflammatory mechanisms play a role in the development of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. Citronellol (CT) is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol (3,7-Dimethyl-6-often-1-ol) found in aromatic plant species' essential oils. In this study, we explored the protective effects of Citronellol on glycerol-induced AKI.

Methods: Four groups of eight mice each (n=8) were formed by randomly dividing the animals into the groups, glycerol-induced AKI model group, low-dose CT-treated group (50mg/kg), high-dose CT-treated group (100mg/kg), and control group. The renal functions of mice from all groups were evalua

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 19 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
CFD Simulation of Velocity Distribution in a River with a Bend Cross Section and a Cubic Bed Roughness Shape
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Engineering Properties and Geochemical Relationship For The Volcaniclastic Rocks Of The Muqdadiya Formation In Hemrin Area, NE. IRAQ
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Volcaniclastic rocks of Al Muqdadiya Formation (Pliocene) in Injana area, southern Hemrin anticline, NE of Iraq, were studied ( petrographically, physically, mineralogically and geochemically , as well as the engineering properties) to assess the suitability of volcaniclastic rocks to use them in industry as refractories. The results show that the physical and engineering properties change with the temperature change. The bulk density and the specific gravity increase by increasing temperature while the apparent porosity, water sorption and the linear shrinkage decrease. On the other hand the compressive strength increase by increasing temperature. The volcaniclastics have very low thermal conductivi

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Lead acetate deteriorates the improvement effect of L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin on endothelin-1 receptors activity in rat aorta
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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor hormone that has been identified as an important factor
responsible for the development of cardiovascular dysfunctions. ET-1 exerts its vasoconstrictor activity
through two pharmacologically distinct receptors, ETA and ETB that are found in vascular smooth muscle
cells (VSMCs) and the vasodilator activity through an ETB receptor located on endothelial cells. This study
aimed to show the impact of 1µM L-arginine (LA), 100µM tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and their combined
effect on ET-1 activity in both lead-treated and lead-untreated rat aortic rings. This means, investigating how
endothelial dysfunction reverses the role of nitric oxide precursor and cofa

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Iraqi mothers towards Vitamin D supplementation to their infants in Baghdad Al -Rusafa 2016
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Background: Routine supplementation of vitamin D to infants is justifiable since vitamin D deficiency, and its consequences are highly prevalent not only in developing countries but worldwide. Maintaining a normal level of vitamin D is crucial in order to have a normal skeletal, as well as, extra-skeletal health. Knowledge of mothers regarding importance of vitamin D supplementation affect the health of their babies in a positive manner if accompanied by appropriate practice.

Objective: To determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of Iraqi mothers of under or equal 12 months old infants in Baghdad, AL-Rusafa, regarding vitamin D supplementation for their infants.

Typ

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 26 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Evaluation of Risk Management practices and their relationship to the Entrepreneur behavior of managers in insurance companies: applied research
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The objective of the research is to evaluate the risk management practices of the variables (risk management structure, risk management methods, key components of risk management) and their relation to the principled behavior of managers behavior(innovation, proactive, risk acceptance) By adopting the questionnaire as a main tool in collecting data from managers in the National and raq insurance companies of (50) officials Department manager, department administrator, unit administrator, and analyzed their answers using the SPSS In calculating arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage weight and simple correlation coefficient. The most prominent conclusions were:1.There is a positive trend in the sample in both companies and a high

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