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Retentive forces, tensile strength and deflection fatigue of Acetal thermoplastic clasp material in comparison with cobalt-chromium alloy
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Background: Nowadays there is an increasing of the emphasis on aesthetic, dentist have been concerned about providing aesthetics and functional removable partial dentures to their patients and this was make the mission more difficult because of the goal now is achieving optimal aesthetic of the denture - while maintaining retentive, stable, and conservative to the health of supporting tooth and supporting tissue. The traditional use of metal clasp like cobalt-chromium, gold, stainless-steel and titanium hampers esthetics because of its obvious display conflicts with patient’s prosthetic confidentiality. Acetal resin (poly oxy methylene) may be used as alternative denture clasp material. This material was promoted primarily on the basis of its superior esthetic. Material and method: In this study, Acetal resin of Flexite and co-cr alloy of Wirocast companies were used. Four metal models of two premolars and two molars were surveyed to have 0.25mm and 0.5mm undercut depth for each one of the materials. eighty clasps were prepared and tested by testing machine to measure the load required to dislodge Acetal and co-cr clasps of 2mm. thickness (for premolar and molar). Tensile test were utilized for both Acetal resin and co-cr. tensile values will be used in special formula to calculate the amount of deflection. Results: The results of this study revealed that Acetal resin clasp of molar with 0.5mm undercut depth have the higher retentive force, and premolar with 0.25 mm undercut depth have the lowest retentive force as compared to co-cr. Also Acetal had lower values of the tensile strength as compared to co-cr alloy but it had higher deflection value than co-cr and it can withstand higher deflections than those of co-cr before having permanent deformation or fracture Conclusions: Acetal resin can be used with limitation as an alternative to co-cr alloy clasps in removable partial dentures.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 20 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied And Natural Science
Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria from drinking tap water and Tigris River water sources in Baghdad
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Water is a resource and a crucial aspect of living and surviving. In Iraq, the Tigris River is one of the most critical water sources. The present study aimed to provide an insight analysis of some water quality parameters including the microbial content of drinkable tap water and river water. Ten Water samples (T1- T10) in triplicate were collected from sampling sites -Site I (Tap water) from home water taps, supplied by the Water Filtration Station/ Al Karama Project/ Al-Karkh> 10 from Site II (R1- R10)River water from Tigris River (around or near the Water Filtration Station/ Al Karama Project) every week (from September to half of November 2022), then were immediately placed in sterile bottles and transported to Microbiolo

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 19 2020
Journal Name
Veterinary Medicine International
Isolation and Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Providencia spp. from Raw Cow’s Milk in Baghdad, Iraq
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A total of sixty raw milk samples were collected from (street vendors and shops) from Baghdad city, Iraq. The samples were inoculated into peptone water and, then, subcultured onto MacConkey agar and Blood agar. Identification of isolates was confirmed by microscopic examination, cultural characteristic, biochemical tests, Vitek (VITEK®2 system), and Biolog GN substrate reactions followed by 16S rRNA and specific genes sequencing. Of 60 raw cow’s milk samples, Providencia spp. were identified only in 4 samples (6.67%) and P. rettgeri was the most common, 2/4 (50%), followed by P. stuartii and P. vermicola, 1/4 (25%). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted against ten antibiotics by the disc diffusion method. All Provid

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials.
Calibration and analysis of the potable water network in the Al-Yarmouk region employing WaterGEMS and GIS
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Abstract<p>Water supply and distribution networks play an important role in our daily activities. They make a substantial contribution to public health by providing potable water for public consumption and non-potable applications such as firefighters and other purposes such as irrigation. This study used ArcMap 10.8 and WaterGEMS CONNECT Edition update 1 version to create a hydraulic network model to simulate the pipes’ network. Detailed network information, including pipe lengths, layouts, and diameters, was given by the Baghdad Water Department. The TUF-2000H Handheld digital ultrasonic flow meter has been used to measure the water flows in the network’s source nodes. In eight junctions, </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 21 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Comparative study of embedded functionalised MWCNTs and GO in Ultrafiltration (UF) PVC membrane: interaction mechanisms and performance
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Chemosphere
Impact of anaerobically digested silver and copper oxide nanoparticles in biosolids on soil characteristics and bacterial community
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 22 2018
Journal Name
Environmental Toxicology And Chemistry
Fate, uptake, and distribution of nanoencapsulated pesticides in soil–earthworm systems and implications for environmental risk assessment
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Abstract<sec><label></label><p>Nanopesticides are novel plant protection products offering numerous benefits. Because nanoparticles behave differently from dissolved chemicals, the environmental risks of these materials could differ from conventional pesticides. We used soil–earthworm systems to compare the fate and uptake of analytical‐grade bifenthrin to that of bifenthrin in traditional and nanoencapsulated formulations. Apparent sorption coefficients for bifenthrin were up to 3.8 times lower in the nano treatments than in the non‐nano treatments, whereas dissipation half‐lives of the nano treatments were up to 2 times longer. Earthworms in the nano treatments accumulated approximately 50% more b</p></sec> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ASTUDYON THERECORDOF EVALUATINGTHE SUPPLIERSACCORDING TO THE CONCEPT OF QUALITY AND BENEFITING FROM IT IN PRACTICE IN AL-FURAT STATE COMPANY AND FINDING POSSIBLE PROPOSALS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT: ASTUDYON THERECORDOF EVALUATINGTHE SUPPLIERSACCORDING TO THE CONCEPT OF QUALITY AND BENEFITING FROM IT IN PRACTICE IN AL-FURAT STATE COMPANY AND FINDING POSSIBLE PROPOSALS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT
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Success in selecting the best among the sources of supply is one of the most important factors in the efficiency of the procurement activity in the company, because the proper selection of the source of the supply significantly affect the achievement of what is desired by the factors of quality, quantity, price and service, and the ability of the competent supplier to meet everything associated with this Factors of commitments, hereby supporting the procurement function's efforts to fully discharge its responsibilities, and in view of adopting of Al-Furat company quality management system by applying the standards of ISO (9001: 2015) and purpose of getting the on-demand benefits from the application of international standards reg

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Future trends of the insurance sector in the integration of public insurance companies in Iraq And its impact on the quality of insurance service: Applied Study in the Iraqi General Insurance Company and the National Insurance Company
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     This study research to Showing The impact of the integration process on the quality of Insurance service and analyze the impact financially to determine whether there is any impact on the quality of the insurance service, in addition to identifying the obstacles that impede the merger between the insurance companies, insurance and the appropriate proposals for its' application and benefit from the benefits achieved.

The importance of The study lies in the fact that it is an important and vital spotlight that is becoming increasingly important in the world to confront the various difficulties and crises that have occurred  recently in light of the liberalization of international trade, globalization a

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Studies on The Effect of Temperature on The Charge Transfer Reaction Rate of N3 Dye When Contacted With Zinc Sulfide Semiconductor
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Abstract<p>In this paper, the effect of temperature on the charge transfer rate of dye (N3) in contact with ZnS semiconductors is discussed and studied when electrons move from the excited N3 dye to the conduction band of ZnS based on quantum shift theory. In a heterogeneous system, the energy levels are assumed to be continuous, and the N3-ZnS system is surrounded by a variety of polar solvent media. The transition energy of the N3/ZnS heterojunction was calculated using seven different solvents at room temperature, considering the refractive index and dielectric constant of the solvents and the ZnS semiconductor, respectively. The charge-transport reaction rate was calculated over different te</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Nov 24 2020
Journal Name
Experimental Heat Transfer
Thermal performance of a flat-plate solar collector using aqueous colloidal dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different outside diameters
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The thermal performance of a flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) using novel heat transfer fluids of aqueous colloidal dispersions of covalently functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with β-Alanine (Ala-MWCNTs) has been studied. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with outside diameters of (< 8 nm) and (20–30 nm) having specific surface areas (SSAs) of (500 m2/g) and (110 m2/g), respectively, were utilized. For each Ala-MWCNTs, waterbased nanofluids were synthesized using weight concentrations of 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%. A MATLAB code was built and a test rig was designed and developed. Heat flux intensities of 600, 800, and 1000 W/m2; mass flow rates of 0.6, 1.0, and 1.4 kg/min; and inlet fluid temperatures of 30, 40, an

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