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Effect of ageing media on shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesive systems (A comparative in-vitro study)
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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of different orthodontic adhesive systems after exposure to aging media (water storage and acid challenge). Materials and methods: Eighty human upper premolar teeth were extracted for orthodontic purposes and randomly divided into two groups (40 teeth each): the first group in which the bonded teeth were stored in distilled water for 30 days at 37°C, and the second group in which the bonded teeth were subjected to acid challenge. Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups (10 teeth each) according to the type of adhesive system that would be bonded to metal brackets: either non-fluoride releasing adhesive (NFRA), fluoride releasing adhesive (FRA), Fluoride releasing bond with self-etching primer (FRBSP), or powder and liquid orthodontic fluoride releasing adhesive (PLFRA). After 30 days of water storage and acid challenge ageing procedures, the SBS was determined using Instron testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The ARI was assessed using a stereomicroscope with 10 X magnification. Result: The SBS testing revealed significant differences (p< 0.05) among the four tested adhesive systems in water storage and acid challenge groups using ANOVA F-test. In both groups, the NFRA subgroup exhibited the highest mean SBS value, followed by FRASP, then FRA subgroups, while the PLFRA subgroup had the lowest value of mean SBS. The independent t-test showed non-significant differences in mean SBS values between water storage and acid challenge groups. In respect to the ARI analysis, the Chi-square test showed significant differences among the tested adhesive systems. Conclusion: The shear bond strength of the fluoride releasing adhesive system was less than that of the non-fluoride releasing adhesive system, but still above the clinically acceptable range.

 

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Petroleum And Coal
Evaluation of geomechanical properties for tight reservoir using uniaxial compressive test, ultrasonic test, and well logs data
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 10 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences And Humanities
PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CONSTRUCTION INDICATORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SOME ELEMENTS OF FITNESS FOR BUDDING BASKETBALL PLAYERS
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Basketball is a popular game in many parts of the world and many developed countries are making continuous efforts to prepare and develop their emerging players on scientific and clear bases as the basis for reaching high levels The researchers used the descriptive approach in the method of correlative studies to suit the nature of the study The readymade software (IBM SPSS Statistics Version24) was used to perform statistical treatments The researchers concluded that there was a significant relationship between body size indicators (height and weight) with the fitness elements of the emerging basketball players The researchers recommended conducting a similar study to determine the type of relationship to the indicators of the physical str

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The variation of the Firm’s value considering the relationship between the financial structure and earnings per share
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The current research aims to determine the relationship of the impact of the components of the financing structure, especially financing through debts, as well as the earnings per share in the value of the shares of companies listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The research sample and identifying the strength of the combined effect of the ratio of financing through debt and earnings per share in maximizing The market value of the firm and the real value, as well as the variation between these relationships according to model of the real value of the companies and the market value of the research sample companies. The research community is represented by the Iraq Stock Exchange, while a conditional deliberate sample

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 15 2023
Journal Name
Full Text Book Of Minar Congress 7
EVALUATING THE CHANGE DETECTION OF(NDVI) FOR BABYLON CITY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES (2015-2020)
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The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an effective graphical indicator that can be used to analyze remote sensing measurements using a space platform, in order to investigate the trend of the live green vegetation in the observed target. In this research, the change detection of vegetation in Babylon city was done by tracing the NDVI factor for temporal Landsat satellite images. These images were used and utilized in two different terms: in March 19th in 2015 and March 5th in 2020. The Arc-GIS program ver. 10.7 was adopted to analyze the collected data. The final results indicate a spatial variation in the (NDVI), where it increases from (1666.91 𝑘𝑚2) in 2015 to (1697.01 𝑘𝑚2)) in 2020 between the t

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2014
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Microwave Assisted Demulsification of Iraqi Crude Oil Emulsions Using Tri-octyl Methyl Ammonium Chloride (TOMAC) Ionic Liquid
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In the present work, the efficiency of Tri-octyl Methyl Ammonium Chloride (TOMAC) ionic liquid was investigated as new and green demulsifier for three types of Iraqi crude oil emulsions (Nafut Khana (NK), Kirkuk and Basrah). The separation efficiency was studied at room temperature and by using microwave heating technique. Several batch experiments were done to specify the suitable conditions for the emulsification and demulsification which were specified as 45 minutes and 3000 rpm for crude oil emulsification while the ionic liquid doses were (500,300,150,50) ppm and the conditions of microwave heating were 1000 watt and 50 second as irradiation time. The results were very encouraging especially for NK and Kirkuk crude oil emulsions whe

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Improving the Performance of Constructed Wetland Microbial Fuel Cell (CW- MFC) for Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation
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The current study deals with the performance of constructed wetland (CW) incorporating a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The whole unit is referred to as CW-MFC. This technique involves two treatments; the first is an aerobic treatment which occurs in the upper layer of the system (cathode section) and the second is anaerobic biological treatment in the lower layer of the system (anode section). Two types of electrode material were tested; stainless steel and graphite. Three configurations for electrodes arrangement CW-MFC were used. In the first unit of CW-MFC, the anode was graphite plate (GPa) and cathode was also graphite plate (GPc), in the second CW-MFC unit, the anode was stainless st

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Publication Date
Thu May 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
An Evolutionary Algorithm for Improving the Quantity and Quality of the Detected Complexes from Protein Interaction Networks
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One of the recent significant but challenging research studies in computational biology and bioinformatics is to unveil protein complexes from protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs). However, the development of a reliable algorithm to detect more complexes with high quality is still ongoing in many studies. The main contribution of this paper is to improve the effectiveness of the well-known modularity density ( ) model when used as a single objective optimization function in the framework of the canonical evolutionary algorithm (EA). To this end, the design of the EA is modified with a gene ontology-based mutation operator, where the aim is to make a positive collaboration between the modularity density model and the proposed

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
E3s Web Of Conferences
Assessments and Historical Changes the Water Quality of Sawa Lake, Southern Iraq for the Period 1977-2020
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This investigation pertains to the evaluation of water quality in SAWA Lake, located in the Al-Muthanna province of Southern Iraq, from 1977 to 2020. Understanding the water quality and assessments of this Lake is of great importance. The Lake is home to small, transparent, blind fish measuring approximately 10 cm and is often referred to as the "wonderful" or "strange" Lake due to its many unique features. The study focuses on several elements to represent water quality, including total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and temperature (T), which were measured directly in the field. Additionally, scientific concepts such as K+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO

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Publication Date
Sun May 28 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Inorganic And Organometallic Polymers And Materials
Improving the Dielectric, Thermal, and Electrical Properties of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Hydroxyapatite Blends by Incorporating Graphene Nanoplatelets
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In this article, the casting method was used to prepare poly(methyl methacrylate)/hydroxyapatite (PMMA/HA) nanocomposite films incorporated with different contents (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) of graphene nanoplatelets (Gnp). The chemical properties and surface morphology of the PMMA/HA blend and PMMA/HA/Gnp nanocomposite were characterized using FTIR, and SEM analysis. Besides, the thermal conductivity, dielectric and electrical properties at (1–107 Hz) of the PMMA/HA blend and PMMA/HA/Gnp composites were investigated. The structural analysis showed that the synthesized composites had a low agglomerated state, with multiple wrinkles of graphene flakes in the PMMA/HA blend. The thermal conductivity was improved by more than 35-fold its value for

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Variation of Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.) Traits Induced By Heat, Electric Shock and Mutagen Nitrous Acid
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This research was carried out to determine the impact of heat shock, electric shock and seeds in soaking nitrous acid mutagen solution on three cultivars of faba beans plant (Zaina, Aguadulce and Local) at the year 2012-2013. Factorial experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were used. The results showed that heat shock lead to early plants of 50% in flowering and an increase in the number of branches/plant and the number of seeds/pod compared to other treatments, whereas the seeds soaked in nitrous acid mutagen solution gave the highest plant height, leaf area index, number of pods/plant, seed weight, seed yield kg/ha, and did not differ significantly with treatment of electric shock in the

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