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Comparison among pulp capping materials in: calcium ion release, pH change, solubility and water sorption (An in vitro study)
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Background: Calcium hydroxide and calcium-silicate materials used as direct pulp capping materials. The aims of this in vitro study is to compare among these materials in, the calcium ion release and pH change in soaking water after immersion of materials’ specimens in deionized water. Also Solubility and water sorption of materials’ specimens measured after soaking time. Calcium-silicate materials used were Biodentine, TheraCal and MTA Plus. Materials and methods: Four materials used in this study; Urbical lining (as control group), Biodentine, TheraCal and MTA Plus. Ten discs fabricated from each tested material, by using plastic moulds of 9 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness. Each specimen was immersed in 10 ml of deionized water and stored at 37ºC using incubator for 3 hr, 24hr, 14 days and 30 days as a sequence. The amount of calcium ion (Ca+2) released in soaking water was measured in each tube using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Also pH analysis for soaking water measured by using pH meter. For solubility and water sorption measurement, the specimen (n=10) weighed with precision weighing scale before immersion in deionzed water to determine the initial Weight (W1) and immediately after weighing immersed in 10 mL of deionized water at 37 °C for 1 week using an incubator, then removed and weighing again (W2). The samples blotted dry using filter paper and dehydrated in an oven at 37 °C for 24 hr. and weighed again (W3). Then percentage of solubility and water sorption were determined. Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests at 0.05 significant levels. Results: Statistical analysis showed highly significant differences (P<0. 05) among tested materials and in all tests (Ca+2 release, pH change, solubility and water sorption). Biodentine showed higher calcium ion released at four soaking time (3 hr, 24hr, 14 days and 30 days), with non significant difference with TheraCal and highly significant difference with MTA Plus and control group at 24 hr. immersion time; While MTA Plus showed non significant difference with control group at 24 hr. Less amount of calcium released was in control group. All tested materials induced alkalization of the soaking water that decreased with time. Means of solubility and water sorption showed that MTA Plus and biodentine had higher solubility in comparison with control group, while TheraCal showed less solubility than control group. The results of water sorption showed that less sorption percentage occurred in control group in comparison with other groups. Conclusion: calcium-silicate materials released more Ca+2 with time than calcium hydroxide. TheraCal showed less solubility and higher water sorption in comparison with control group. Biodentine and MTA Plus showed higher solubility and water sorption in comparison with TheraCal and control group.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Study in Tess of the D’Urbervilles as A Call for Liberal Education for Women
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Amongst the literary writers who used their art to direct the attention towards the issue of woman and her rights in a proper life is the English poet and novelist Thomas Hardy (1840-1928), who has been praised for his “openness to the feminine principle” 1 as Irving Howe put it. Hardy’s wide readings have changed his way of dealing with and thinking about so many critical issues which started to float on the surface of the English society during the mid and late of the 19th century. His readings for a number of writers, who seem of huge impact on his writings as he later admits that – “[his] pages show harmony of view with

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 24 2023
Journal Name
Arab World English Journal
Humor in The Stand-Up Comedy You Wanna Hear Something Crazy?: A Universal Pragmatic Study
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Humor is an interesting phenomenon that has been studied widely, yet it is considered a universal trait that cannot be an old subject for a study. This study is conducted to investigate humor from a universal pragmatic lens in a stand-up comedy show, namely, You Wanna Hear Something Crazy?. It aims to study humor as a coin with two sides, the production side and the understanding side. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers use an eclectic contains Grice’s CP model (1975) and Habermas’s UP model (1979, 1984, 1987, 1998). The study has noted that while using the observance and the non-observance of the cooperative maxims to produce humor, the universal validity claims of truth, sincerity, and normative rightness for rea

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 31 2018
Journal Name
Heat Transfer-asian Research
Comparative study on heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids flow in ribs tube using CFD simulation
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of the effect of some pregnancy parameters on Malon dialdehyde concentration in pregnant women
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The present study aimed to evaluate the concentration of Malon dialdehyde (MDA) in pregnant women during different stages of pregnancy (stage of pregnancy, abortion, contraceptives and parity number).The study included (120) blood samples from normal pregnant women in age of the procreating were subdivided into three trimesters of pregnancy (40/group), and (40) samples from non-pregnant women as a control group. The results showed a significant increase in MDA in three stages of pregnancy compared with the control group. The concentration of MDA increased significantly in pregnant women with multipregnancy when compared with pregnant women for the first time, and in pregnant women whom was using contraceptions compared with p

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-anbar Journal Of Veterinary Sciences
Histo-Morphology Study of the Respiratory Portion of Goat Lung (Capra Hircus) in Baghdad Province
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The Histo-mrphology were directed on the pneumonic alveoli of 6 male goats. The respiratory portion is composed of typical cuboidal epithelial cells with Clara cell, however, alveolar ducts are lined by simple squamous epithelium and alveoli were generally circular structures that opened into the alveolar conduits and alveolar sacs or respiratory bronchioles. Alveoli were made out of two kinds of cells for example Type-I pneumocytes and Type-II pneumocytes. Previous framed the mainlining epithelial cells of alveoli which were squamous in sort having noticeable perinuclear territory and central found the core, while the last were cuboidal fit as a fiddle with the midway found core and periodically found among the Sort I cells in the

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 30 2001
Journal Name
3rd. Jordanian Civil Engineering Conference ,29-31 Oct.2001. 2001
The Use of the F.E.M. to Study the Performance of Stone Columns in Soft Soil
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In this paper, the penetration of the stone column was investigated in order to get the minimum length of the stone column above which the increase in length has little advantage. The effect of using different materials in column are also studied. The material used is granular of different angle of internal friction (). The results of the investigation indicated that the effect of stone column remains constant when the ratio of the thickness of the soft clay layer to the stone column’s diameter is more than 15. The results also indicated that a pronounced effect is obtained when the angle of internal friction of the stone column material is increased.

Publication Date
Mon Oct 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Transport Assessment Using Bayesian Method to Determine Ride-Hailing in Kula Lumpur: A Case Study
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This research was designed to investigate the factors affecting the frequency of use of ride-hailing in a fast-growing metropolitan region in Southeast Asia, Kuala Lumpur. An intercept survey was used to conduct this study in three potential locations that were acknowledged by one of the most famous ride-hailing companies in Kuala Lumpur. This study used non-parametric and machine learning techniques to analyze the data, including the Pearson chi-square test and Bayesian Network. From 38 statements (input variables), the Pearson chi-square test identified 14 variables as the most important. These variables were used as predictors in developing a BN model that predicts the probability of weekly usage frequency of ride-hai

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 05 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of nuclear structure for carbon isotopes using local scale transformation technique in shell model
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This work is devoted to study the properties of the ground states such as the root-mean square ( ) proton, charge, neutron and matter radii, nuclear density distributions and elastic electron scattering charge form factors for Carbon Isotopes (9C, 12C, 13C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 19C and 22C). The calculations are based on two approaches; the first is by applying the transformed harmonic-oscillator (THO) wavefunctions in local scale transformation (LST) to all nuclear subshells for only 9C, 12C, 13C and 22C. In the second approach, the 9C, 15C, 16C, 17C and 19C isotopes are studied by dividing the whole nuclear system into two parts; the first is the compact core part and the second is the halo part. The core and halo parts are studied using the

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 29 2024
Journal Name
مجلة نسق
The diplomatic role of IGAD in regional peacemaking: Sudan after 2011 as a case study
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The research discusses the most important goals and means of IGAD in making peace in Sudan and then regional peace.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
American strategic performance towards Middle East in the era of president Trump - A future study
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Abstract The strategic performance of the United States depends on dealing with the Middle East countries and its variants on several bases and motives that enabled them to achieve American hegemony and invest its interests at the expense of the region countries. Within this performance, the administration of the United State President Donald Trump presented the Strategic Document on December 18, 2017, which focused on the principle of "America First", to determine the direction of future US strategic performance in the formulation of means of cooperation and intersections or hostility in addition to interests and threats.The future vision of the Arab region and the Middle East as a whole, this strategy is based on the fact that

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