Background: The quantity and the quality of available bone, influence the clinical success of dental implants surgery. Cone beam Computed tomography is an established method for acquiring bone images before performing dental implant. Cone beam computed tomography is an essential tool for treatment planning and post-surgical procedure monitoring, by providing highly accurate 3-D images of the patient's anatomy from a single, low-radiation scan which yields high resolution images with favorable accuracy. The aim of study is the Measurement of alveolar bone (height and buccolingual width) and density in the mandible among Iraqi adult subject using CBCT for assessment of dental implant site dimensions. Material and method: The study sample include (60) Iraqi subjects (30 male and 30 females) aged between 20-65 years, sagittal view of Cone beam computed tomography was obtained to measure the height ,width and alveolar bone density of the mandibular anterior area, while coronal view was used to measure the height ,width and alveolar bone density assessment of the mandibular premolar and molar areas. Measurement of mandibular bony height and width was in(mm)and each of the three mandibular areas were represented by seven consecutive measurements for bony height and width and these seven stations were set using an average distance of 2 mm apart while the bone density in Hounsfield unit (HU) with point of measurement represent the mean of density to the area located between the height and buccolingual width. Results:The Statistical analysis of linear measurements of mandibular bone which include the bony height , width and density showed that the mean values of all three measurements are significantly higher in males than females also there was statistically significant difference in the mean bone density of mandibular areas which was highest in anterior area and lowest in the molar area followed by premolar area among both gender, mandibular bony height showed a statistically insignificant very weak negative linear correlation with age in all the three examined mandibular areas while the effect of age on bucolingual width was significantly higher among subjects older than 50 years compared to those younger than 50 years old. Conclusion: The mean bony height was highest in anterior area and lowest in premolar area followed by molar area, while the mean bony width was lowest in anterior area and highest in molar area followed by premolar area , finally the mean bone density was highest in anterior area and lowest in molar area followed by premolar area.
This study investigated the bioethanol production from green algae Chlorella vulgaris depending on its carbohydrate-enriched biomass. Four different phosphorous concentrations were employed to stimulate bioethanol production from Chlorella vulgaris. The impact of various phosphorous values on Chlorella vulgaris growth rate as well as primary product (carbohydrate) were evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography was utilized in this work. The stationary phase was identified as day 14, 12, 10 and 6 in treatments 6, 4, 2 and g/L, respectively. The findings suggest that the treatment without phosphorous addition had the highest record of carbohydrate content (22.64% dry weight) as well as the highest bioethanol yield (20.66% dry weight).
... Show MoreNearly a century and a half has passed since Sarah Orne Jewett published her much anthologized short story “A White Heron” (1886), but commentators on the tale missed one of the most important points in the text. It is the story’s similarity to the traditional Euro-centric fairy tale of “Little Red Riding Hood”. As an author, writing at the end of the ninetieth century, a time that witnessed the demise of the Romantic movement in America and the beginning of the age of Realism, Jewett did not romanticize her characters, despite the idyllic landscape in which “A White Heron” is set. Her story can be analyzed as a text that aims at disseminating ecological awareness among her young readers. This study focuses on Jewett
... Show MoreIn the present work, a density functional theory (DFT) calculation to simulate reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle's sensitivity to NO2 gas is performed. In comparison with the experiment, DFT calculations give acceptable results to available bond lengths, lattice parameters, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy gaps, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, entropy, etc. to ZnO, rGO, and ZnO/rGO hybrid. ZnO and rGO show n-type and p-type semiconductor behavior, respectively. The formed p-n heterojunction between rGO and ZnO is of the staggering gap type. Results show that rGO increases the sensitivity of ZnO to NO2 gas as they form a hybrid. ZnO/rGO hybrid has a higher number of vacancies that can b
... Show MoreThe dynamic development of computer and software technology in recent years was accompanied by the expansion and widespread implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) based methods in many aspects of human life. A prominent field where rapid progress was observed are high‐throughput methods in biology that generate big amounts of data that need to be processed and analyzed. Therefore, AI methods are more and more applied in the biomedical field, among others for RNA‐protein binding sites prediction, DNA sequence function prediction, protein‐protein interaction prediction, or biomedical image classification. Stem cells are widely used in biomedical research, e.g., leukemia or other disease studies. Our proposed approach of
... Show More
