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Effect of Different Fluoride Agents on the Load Deflection Characteristics of Heat Activated Nickel Titanium Arch Wires (An in Vitro Study)
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ABSTRACT Background:Hydrogen absorption and related degradation in the mechanical properties of Ni-Ti based orthodontic wires has been demonstrated following exposure to fluoride prophylactic agents. This study was designed to investigate the effects of three fluoride containing agents on the load deflection characteristics of heat activated nickel titanium arch wires during unloading phase. Material and method: Eighty specimens of heat activated nickel titanium arch wires were obtained from Ortho Technology Company, half of which had a 0.016 inch round and 0.019x0.025 rectangular. Ten specimens from both wire size were immersed in one of the tested fluoride prophylactic agents (neutral sodium fluoride gel, stannous fluoride gel or phos-flur mouth rinse) or in the controlled medium “normal saline”, and incubated at 37˚C for sixty minutes. A Wp 300 universal material testing machine was modified and used to perform a three point bending test in a water path at 37˚C ±1˚C.The statistical difference between the different agents were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD tests. Results: The unloading forces at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm where significantly reduced especially in neutral sodium fluoride treated specimens. Conclusion: Based on the results founded in th study it might be preferred to use prophylactic agent with the least fluoride ions concentration.It can be concluded that the tested agents have only a limited effect on the load deflection behavior of the heat activated Ni-Ti wires, in a way that they do not have a clinically significant effect on the mechanical behavior of these wires.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2025
Journal Name
Retos
An analytical study of the availability of comprehensive knowledge marketing management in Iraqi sports institutions
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Objective: The current study aimed to prepare a measure for comprehensive knowledge marketing management. In the Iraqi sports institutions under study, identifying the extent of each dimension of comprehensive knowledge marketing management. Research methodology: This study relied on appropriate scientific methods, mainly represented by the descriptive method and the analytical method, and on the case study method because it suits the nature of the study. The study population was determined from the administrative cadres in the Iraqi Sports Federation, and the research sample numbered (86) and was represented as follows: The preparation sample numbered (50) and a percentage amounted to (58.13%), the sample of the exploratory experim

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 06 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Advances In Engineering And Management (ijaem)
The makers of sedition in light of Chapters (Al-Baqarah and Yusuf)/An objective study
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The makers of strife exist in every era and time. They differ in how these temptations are created and the methods used in doing so. In our modern era, they are more; This is due to the presence of information technology and its easy availability at their fingertips, as well as the spread of social networking sites, which are rapidly spreading among ignorant groups and groups that are deficient in their use. Which led the makers of sedition to exploit these matters and create various temptations and spread them among peoples and societies. Today, we cannot predict the future of humanity in light of this huge amount of temptation. What the Holy Qur’an mentioned about the types of temptations in its noble verses and their embodiment in seve

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal of Nickel Ions Using A Biosorbent Bed (Laminaria saccharina) Algae
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The present study aims to remove nickel ions from solution of the simulated wastewater using (Laminaria saccharina) algae as a biosorbent material. Effects of experimental parameters such as temperature at (20 - 40) C⁰, pH at (3 - 7) at time (10 - 120) min on the removal efficiency were studied.
Box-Wilson method was adopted to obtain a relationship between the above three experimental parameters and removal percentage of the nickel ions. The experimental data were fitted to second order polynomial model, and the optimum conditions for the removal process of nickel ions were obtained.
The highest removal percentage of nickel ions obtained was 98.8 %, at best operating conditions (Temperature 35 C⁰, pH 5 and Time 10 min).

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Procedia Economics And Finance
The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing on Relationship between IT Capability and IT Support as Predictors of Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study on Mobile Companies in Iraq
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 03 2014
Journal Name
Heat Transfer - Asian Research
CFD Simulation of Heat Transfer Augmentation in a Circular Tube fitted with Alternative Axis Twisted Tape in Laminar Flow under the Constant Heat Flux
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Technologies And Materials For Renewable Energy, Environment And Sustainability: Tmrees21gr
Effect of non-thermal plasma by FE-DBD scheme on lipids in blood in vivo study
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This study illustrates the impact of non-thermal plasma (Cold Atmospheric Plasma CAP) on the lipids blood, the study in vivo. The lipids are (cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol and triglyceride) are tested. (FE-DBD) scheme of probe diameter 4cm is used for this purpose, and the output voltage ranged from (0-20) kV with variable frequency (0-30) kHz. The effect of non-thermal atmospheric plasma on lipids were studied with different exposure durations (20,30) sec. As a result, the longer plasma exposure duration decreases more lipids in blood.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Engineering And Technology Journal
Study of the Diffusion Coefficient and Hardness for a Composite Material when Immersed in Different Solutions Polymer
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Publication Date
Wed May 18 2016
Journal Name
مجلة كلية التربية الاساسية
Study the Partial Molar Volume of Chrom Alum in Aqueous Poly (ethylene glycol) Solution at Different Temperature
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This study present, the density of alum chrom in water and in aqueous solution of poly (ethylene glycol) (1500) at different temperature (288.15, 293.15, 298.15) k. Experimental values of density was used to calculate the apparent molar volume (Vθ), limiting apparent molar volume Vθ˚, experimental slope (Sv) and the partial molar volume at infinite dilution of transfer of solute Δνθ˚. These results have been interpreted the molecular interaction in term of ion- solvent, ion– ion interaction. The structure making /breaking capacities have been inferred from the sign of the second derivative of limiting partial molar volume with respect temperature at constant pressure. Alum has been formed to act as structure breaker in water and aq

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Study of different geostatistical methods to model formation porosity (Cast study of Zubair formation in Luhais oil field)
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Abstract<p>This study is concerned with making comparison in using different geostatistical methods for porosity distribution of upper shale member - Zubair formation in Luhais oil field which was chosen to study.</p><p>Kriging, Gaussian random function simulation and sequential Gaussian simulation geostatistical methods were adopted in this study. After preparing all needed data which are contour map, well heads of 12 wells, well tops and porosity from CPI log. Petrel software 2009 was used for porosity distribution of mentioned formation in methods that are showed above. Comparisons were made among these three methods in order to choose the best one, the comparing cri</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Study the Effect of using RAP in Warm Mix Asphalt Pavement.
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Sustainability is providing the needs without compromising the ability of the strategical forming to meet their requirements. The production of warm asphalt mixtures using recycled pavements produces economic and environmentally friendly mixtures, which is the most important advantage of this work. This research aims to determine the effect of recycled asphalt concrete (RAP) on the indirect tensile strength of warm asphalt mixtures and Marshall Properties. Models of warm asphalt mixtures using Aggregate from the Al-Nibaay quarry, Asphalt with a degree of penetration (40-50) from the refinery of the cycle, and obtained Recycled asphalt concrete from Salah Al-Din Road, Al-Ameriya area in Baghdad are prepared. Use five rati

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