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The Effect of Artificial Accelerated Aging on The Color of Ceramic Veneers Cemented With Different Resin Cements (A Comparative In Vitro Study)
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ABSTRACT Background: Color changes that are detectable to human eye can affect the esthetic appearance of ceramic veneers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of artificial accelerated aging on the color of ceramic veneers cemented with different resin cements. Materials and Methods: Sixty discs were prepared with 0.5 mm thickness, 30 discs made from IPS e.max press (Ivoclar Vivadent) and 30 discs were made from VITA Enamic (VITA Zahnfabrik). The discs were cemented with three resin cements: Variolink Veneer MV 0 shade (Ivoclar Vivadent), Rely X veneer Translucent shade (3M ESPE) and NX3 Nexus Clear shade (Kerr Corporation) with 0.1 mm thickness. The spectrophotometer Easyshade Advance was used to measure the color parameters (Lightness, axis a* of chroma and axis b*of chroma) immediately after cementation, after 150 and 300 hours of aging. The specimens were subjected to artificial accelerated aging in Accelerated Weathering Tester. Color change greater than 3.3 was considered unacceptable. One-way ANOVA, paired t-tests and Bonferroni adjusted t-test were used for statistical analysis (p <0.05). Results: Artificial aging caused high significant color change in both ceramic types, but there were non-significant difference in color change among the three resin cements used. The color change was between1.997-14.8 after 150 hours and it was between 2.179-15.68 after 300 hours. The color change of e.max discs after aging were within acceptable limit<3.3 whereas Vita Enamic specimens had shown unacceptable color change >3.3 after aging. Conclusions: The majority of color change after aging related to veneering materials while resin cement have only slight effect on color change after aging. IPS e.max had shown an acceptable color change after aging, so it is suitable for fabrication of restorations in esthetic zone while Vita Enamic should not be used in esthetic zone since it has poor color stability according to the results of this study.

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of English Linguistics
A Discourse Analysis Study of Comic Words in the American and British Sitcoms
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DBN Rashid, International Journal of English Linguistics, 2019 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Corporate And Business Strategy Review
The role of strategic agility in promoting organizational excellence: A descriptive analytical study
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The study aims to build a model that revolves around the main question of the role of strategic agility (SA) in enhancing organizational excellence (OE). For the purpose of achieving OE and to determine the extent of interest and knowledge of managers at the Midwest Refineries Company (MRC) on the theoretical and practical implications, and on the performance foundations of these two vital variables with the aim of continuous improvement. A questionnaire was used and distributed to a random sample of 54 managers in this important energy production company. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach to answer the questions raised. The study model and dimensions were built according to reference models, most notably the mo

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 26 2024
Journal Name
Corporate And Business Strategy Review
THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC AGILITY IN PROMOTING ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY
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he study aims to build a model that revolves around the main question of the role of strategic agility (SA) in enhancing organizational excellence (OE). For the purpose of achieving OE and to determine the extent of interest and knowledge of managers at the Midwest Refineries Company (MRC) on the theoretical and practical implications, and on the performance foundations of these two vital variables with the aim of continuous improvement. A questionnaire was used and distributed to a random sample of 54 managers in this important energy production company. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach to answer the questions raised. The study model and dimensions were built according to reference models, most notably the models (Al-

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Study of Person Deixis in J. M. Singe's Riders to the Sea
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This study deals with an important area in the field of linguistics, namely person deixis.
The study aims at: (1) Describing the notion of deixis, its importance, and its place in the field
of linguistics, (2) Presenting a detailed illustration of person deixis, and (3) Conducting an
analysis of person deixis in one of Synge‟s plays Riders to The Sea according to Levinson‟s
model. The most important aim of these three is the third one (the analysis). To achieve this
aim, the researcher depends on Levinson‟s (1983) descriptive approach. According to the
descriptive approach of deixis, the category of person deixis can be defined as the encoding of
the participant roles in the speech situation. This encoding is r

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Study the Ability of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Different Clinical Cases to Biofilm Formation and Detection of Algd Gene.
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98 samples were collected from various clinical sources included (Burns, wounds, urines, sputums, blood) From the city of Baghdad, After performing the biochemical and microscopic examination, 52 isolates were obtained for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 17 (32.7%) isolates from burn infection, 12 (23%) isolates from Wound infection 11 (21.2%) isolates from urine infection, 7 (13.5%) isolates of sputum and 5 (9.6%) isolates from blood. Bacteria susceptibility to form biofilm has been detectedby microtiter plate method, The results showed that 80% of the bacterial isolates were produced the biofilm with different proportions, alg D gene (alginate production) has been detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Which plays an essential role in the fo

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Mean-field Solution of the mixed spin-1 and spin-5/2Ising system with different single-ion anisotropies
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The mixed-spin ferrimagnetic Ising system consists of two-dimensional sublattices A and B with spin values and respectively .By used the mean-field approximation MFA of Ising model to find magnetism( ).In order to determined the best stabile magnetism , Gibbs free energy employ a variational method based on the Bogoliubov inequality .The ground-state (Phase diagram) structure of our system can easily be determined at , we find six phases with different spins values depend on the effect of a single-ion anisotropies .these lead to determined the second , first orders transition ,and the tricritical points as well as the compensation phenomenon .

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 06 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Health Sciences
effect of a training curriculum for the development of some functional variables and the level of achievement in the effectiveness of air rifle shooting
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There are significant differences between the pre and post-tests in favor of the post-test in the tests) stroke volume (S.V), cardiac thrust (C.O.P), left ventricular volume, maximum oxygen consumption Vo2max), which indicates the effect of the proposed training approach.There are significant differences between the pre and post-tests in favor of the post-test in the achievement level test with air rifle shooting for young female shooters, which indicates the effect of the proposed training curriculum.There are no significant differences between the pre and post-tests in the tests (heart rate (HR) before exercise, heart rate (HR) after exercise, systolic blood pressure rate before exercise, systolic blood pressure rate after exercis

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effect of transformational leadership in the employee’s motivation in the organizations
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The transformational leaderships in all organizations  consider Motivations policies which is one of the main and basic policies adapted by the successful leaderships in all organizations, in order to be able to achieve essential goals, such as enhancing loyalty of employees towards their organizations and also developing and empowering their capacities and abilities in work, leading to development and increasing productivity and reducing production costs to the minimum, then reaching immense profits and benefits, in addition to development of excellence in the market of competition.

The research was performed in the (General Company of Leather Industries/ in Baghdad ,in alkarada) the study reached

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 22 2017
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmaceutical, Biological And Chemical Sciences
Testing the Efficiency of Probiotic in Reducing the Growth of Aspergillus flavas in Corn Stored and its Effect on Performance of Broiler
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This study has been done for testing the effectiveness and efficiency of probiotic in its ability to inhibit Aspergillus flavus , which secretes the aflatoxin B1 and compare it with materials that were approved to be effective in the inhibition of the growth of fungi and break down and reduction of mycotoxin. these are the filax substance and ozone gas. A laboratory experiment has been conducted to determine the isolates out of the fungus producing the aflatoxin B1.the isolate producing aflatoxin B1 has grown on the yellow corn seed. the probiotic was added along with the filax and they have been exposed to ozone gas and then they were stored from 30 days. A bio test was con conducted to knw the effects of biological toxin on the broiler me

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Committed of the Auditors for the Procedures of Environmental audits (An Exploratory Study of a sample of auditing offices in Iraq)
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At the beginning of the nineties increased responsibility of the auditor to the community as the demand for auditing the environmental performance for the economic units in addition to audit the financial performance. With the aim of preserving the environment and reducing the damagse as  aresult of the negative effects of the activities of these units.

The researh deal with two sides the first one identifies the theoretical framework of the concept of environmental audits, requirements, methods, types of procedures, and duties of  the auditor in conducting  environmental audits. It also deals with the concept of the enviro

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