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The surface roughness of new fluoride releasing material after using three polishing protocols and storage in artificial saliva
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Background: Prophylaxis methods are used to mechanically remove plaque and stain from tooth surfaces; such methods give rise to loss of superficial structure and roughen the surface of composites as a result of their abrasive action. This study was done to assess the effect of three polishing systems on surface texture of new anterior composites after storage in artificial saliva. Materials and methods: A total of 40 Giomer and Tetric®N-Ceram composite discs of 12 mm internal diameter and 3mm height were prepared using a specially designed cylindrical mold and were stored in artificial saliva for one month and then samples were divided into four groups according to surface treatment: Group A (control group):10 specimens received no surface polish and were subdivided into A1 (Giomer) and A2 (Tetric®N-Ceram). Group B: 10 specimens received polishing with Air polishing devise (APD) and were subdivided into B1 (Giomer) and B2 (Tetric®N-Ceram). Group C: 10 specimens received polishing with pumice and brush and were subdivided into C1 (Giomer) and C2 (Tetric®N-Ceram). Group D: 10 specimens were polished with pumice and rubber cup and were subdivided into D1 (Giomer) and D2 (Tetric®N-Ceram). Testing was done by means of profilometer and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance test (ANOVA), LSD and student t-test. Also samples were photographed by special orthoplane camera using light polarizing microscope. Results: The results showed a highly statistical significant difference in surface roughness among Giomer subgroups P<0.05. Also there was a highly significant difference P<0.05 when comparing Tetric subgroups according to type of surface treatment. Furthermore there was non-significant difference P>0.05 between groups according to the type of restorative material used. Conclusion: The use of prophylactic surface treatment significantly increased Giomer and Tetric ceram surface roughness and the use of rotating brush has shown the roughest surface among all other types of prophylactic protocols also Giomer had shown more surface roughness than Tetric ceram although the difference was not significant.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of managing organizational diversity in achieving success Exploratory study in the Ministry of Industry and Minerals
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The aim of the research is to demonstrate the impact of organizational diversity management on achieving success, The problem of research is to create an appropriate work environment that stimulates everyone regardless of each dimension of diversity, So as to reach the best levels of success, The importance of research is to identify how the organization in question can manage organizational diversity effectively and contribute to its success, The research started from two main hypotheses which were derived from sub-hypotheses to identify the correlation and influence between the search variables by analyzing the answers of the research sample which included (81)

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The importance of improved forests in Iraq and their impact on the economic and social future
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عانت الغابات في العراق قصوراً واضحاً في مجال إشباع حاجة السكان لمنتجاتها الرئيسية المتمثلة بالأخشاب ومنتجاتها الثانوية المتمثلة بالأغصان والأوراق والنباتات الطبيعية والحيوانات البرية ونواتجها الأخرى، مما يتطلب التفكير بمحاولة إيجاد سبل جديدة لحل هذه المشكلة الاقتصادية المرتبطة بعنصريها الحاجة للأخشاب والأموال المخصصة لتطويرها عموماً.

لقد دمرت مساحات كبيرة من الغابات وحرقت وقطعت من

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Basic Words and Terms of Sport Games and Motions in the Holy Quran : semantic study
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(( The Basic word and Terms of sports, games and motions in the Holy Quran : semantic
study )).
The research consists of apreface followed by an Introduction , and three sections and
aconclusion, finally the research concluded with a list of the sources . and also alist of terms
and word in English language for a wider use .
As for reach sections, they are section one it covers a group of words sports games that
are forty two words .
Section two : it covers five fields :-
a- A group of words ( sports ruless) that an seventeen words.
b- A group of ( sports montions ) that are ten .
c- A group of ( sports tools ) that are seven words.
d- A group of ( sports sciences ) that are seven words only .
e- A gro

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
A Predictive Model for Estimating Unconfined Compressive Strength from Petrophysical Properties in the Buzurgan Oilfield, Khasib Formation, Using Log Data
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Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of rock is the most critical geomechanical property widely used as input parameters for designing fractures, analyzing wellbore stability, drilling programming and carrying out various petroleum engineering projects. The USC regulates rock deformation by measuring its strength and load-bearing capacity. The determination of UCS in the laboratory is a time-consuming and costly process. The current study aims to develop empirical equations to predict UCS using regression analysis by JMP software for the Khasib Formation in the Buzurgan oil fields, in southeastern Iraq using well-log data. The proposed equation accuracy was tested using the coefficient of determination (R²), the average absolute

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Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Apr 14 2020
Journal Name
Modern Sport
In formation Provessing and its relation to the performance of scrolling skillfrom the top and bottom of the volley ball to the students
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The problem of research is that there are differences between learners in processing in formation in general and there is variation at the learners level perform scrolling skill of the passes up and down by the volley ball .Therefore the researchers decided to conduct astudy through which identify the relationship between information processing and the skill of scrolling from the top and bottom by the volleyball. The researchers used the descriptive approach by themethod of interconnectivity .Asampleconsist of21 students from first staye in collage of physical education and sports science for Girls(university of Baghdad) and attest has been applied(process information and scroll up and down) on the research sample after the required

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Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The aesthetics of the sculptural formulations of swords in the Al-Kafeel Museum of Treasures and Manuscripts
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The research included (the aesthetics of the sculptural formulations of swords in the Al-Kafeel Museum) four chapters. Al-Kafeel Museum.)
Within the time period: (1240 AH / (1824 and 1825) AD - 1312 AH / (1894 and 1895) AD). The second: the types of Islamic swords. The third chapter included (research procedures), and the analysis of samples from the sample (3) as a model according to the descriptive approach, and the fourth chapter dealt with (results, conclusions, recommendations, and proposals). As well as recommendations, proposals and sources.

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of electronic audit in raising of the independence and professional efficiency of the internal auditor
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The research aims to shed light on the role of E-Audit in raising Independence and professional competence of the external auditor, the study has been applied on a sample of the branches of the Rafidain Bank n have been addressed research topic beside the theoretical, as put forward by the literature of accounting, audit and that the contents of the section first, either the practical side was required to test the hypotheses use form questionnaire, which was distributed to a sample of the external auditors and bankers research sample. He has applied for his part in the search for a standard of independence and professionalism of the external auditor and the factors influencing these standards, and the most import

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Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The social imagination and its representations in the paintings of students of the Department of Art Education
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The aim of this research is to identify how to employ the social imagination and its representations in the paintings of the students of the Department of Art Education. Students of the Department of Art Education in the light of this tool, and the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are:
1. The indicator of the social imagination in the excitement of the artist and the recipient, because the representations are embodied in forms within the painting and close to reality.
2. An artistic sample of the representational imagination and the creative imagination was found to be more than the imaginary imagination.
3. Individual symptoms related to the term.
4. The representations of the socia

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Transportation Research Procedia
The importance of intelligent transport systems in the preservation of the environment and reduction of harmful gases
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Publication Date
Fri May 22 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Administration And Economics
Using the Maximum Likelihood Method with a Suggested Weight to Estimate the Effect of Some Pollutants on the Tigris River- City of Kut
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The aim of this research is to use robust technique by trimming, as the analysis of maximum likelihood (ML) often fails in the case of outliers in the studied phenomenon. Where the (MLE) will lose its advantages because of the bad influence caused by the Outliers. In order to address this problem, new statistical methods have been developed so as not to be affected by the outliers. These methods have robustness or resistance. Therefore, maximum trimmed likelihood: (MTL) is a good alternative to achieve more results. Acceptability and analogies, but weights can be used to increase the efficiency of the resulting capacities and to increase the strength of the estimate using the maximum weighted trimmed likelihood (MWTL). In order to perform t

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