Background: The present study aimed to assess the distribution, prevalence, severity of malocclusion in Baghdad governorate in relation to gender and residency Materials and Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used in this investigation to make the sample a representative of target population. The sample consisted of 2700 (1349 males and 1351 females) intermediate school students aged 13 years representing 3% of the total target population. A questionnaire was used to determine the perception of occlusion and orthodontic treatment demand of the students and the assessment procedures for occlusal features by direct intraoral measurement using veriner and an instrument to measure the rotated and displaced teeth. Results and conclusions: The presence of malaligned teeth was reported by 39% of the sample. The most prevalent reported types of malaligned teeth were spaced teeth (26.6%); Of the students who stated that they have malaligned teeth, 70.3% thought that it affected their appearance, 17.8% affected chewing, and 7.8% affected speech; The most common reasons for not seeking orthodontic treatment were the thought that treatment is not important or not possible (25.8%) and fear of pain (48.8%).One or more missing teeth due to extraction or trauma were found in 4.9% of the sample,the most common extracted tooth was the mandibular first molar. Crowding was more concentrated in the lower anterior segment while the spacing cases were higher and more concentrated in the upper anterior segment. A maxillary central diastema was found in 18.1 % of the sample with a mean of 0.306 mm. Anterior irregularities were found in (18.36 %maxillary and 26.84% mandibular),mean overjet 3.310 mm, mean overbite was 2.99 mm, Class I Angle class was found in 78.29%, class II in 19.5% and class III in 2.3%. Posterior crossbite found in 5.6%, anterior openbite (1.7%) and midline shift (54.34 %).Normal lip form was found in 86.6%, soft tissue impingement in 3.3%.The treatment need according to DAI show that 72.3% of the sample were found to have no or slight treatment need, 15.9% with treatment elective, 7.3% with treatment highly desirable, and 4.5% with treatment mandatory.Also increase the need and decrease demand for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in the Baghdad commune. This data will be useful for public oral health service and emphasize the need for orthodontic treatment among Baghdadi adolescents.
Background: All diseases concerning bone destruction such as osteoporosis and periodontal diseases share common pattern in which the osteoclast cells are absolutely responsible for bone resorption that occurred when osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity. Osteoprotegrin (OPG) considered as novel soluble decoy receptor known as “bone protector†since it prevents extreme bone resorption through inhibition of differentiation and activity of osteoclast by competing for binding site. It binds to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and prevent its interaction with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), thus inhibits osteoclast formation. TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokines having
... Show MoreThe problem of research is that there are differences between learners in processing in formation in general and there is variation at the learners level perform scrolling skill of the passes up and down by the volley ball .Therefore the researchers decided to conduct astudy through which identify the relationship between information processing and the skill of scrolling from the top and bottom by the volleyball. The researchers used the descriptive approach by themethod of interconnectivity .Asampleconsist of21 students from first staye in collage of physical education and sports science for Girls(university of Baghdad) and attest has been applied(process information and scroll up and down) on the research sample after the required
... Show MoreBackground: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the new respiratory virus SARS-CoV2. It has a tropism in the lung tissues where excess target receptors exist. Periostin plays a role in subepithelial fibrosis associated with bronchial asthma. Since the Coronavirus's target is the human respiratory system, Periostin has been recently described as a valuable new biomarker in the diagnosis and evaluation of disease in patients with COVID-19 lung involvement. Objectives: To assess the level of Periostin in the serum of COVID-19 patients and to correlate its role in disease severity and prognosis. Subjects and Methods: Periostin serum levels were measured for 63 patients attending three main COVID
... Show MoreThe international reporting auditor witness rapidly developed over the past years, where profession began give attention to the development of auditor reporting and improve its informational report through the issuance and amendment of some relevant international auditing standards. The reality of the situation refers to the failure to inform the auditor in Iraq in many areas, including: Clearly defined management responsibility for the preparation of financial and auditor's responsibility to express an opinion on these statements and Amendment of opinion when the financial statements as a whole is free from material misstatement based on the evidence is sufficient and appropriate audit, or not to build the auditor's ability to obt
... Show MoreThe levels of shooting in basketball not very good appears un healthy phenomenon for age stages especially youth players on Iraq and therefore there is lower level in skills especially shooting that seems the players represent their players not good levels which cause difficult in choosing players for youth national team. The research sample were youth teams in Baghdad for season 2012-2013 their birth 1996 and the number teams (7) and after getting results and treat it statically the important ones were : there is a large number of failure attempts on success ones in basic shooting in basketball for youth teams in Baghdad teams (2012-2013) season and basic shooting have effective participation (positive relation) in youth teams ranking in B
... Show MoreThe present study evaluates the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract as monotherapy on the glycemic status, insulin resistance (IR), body mass index (BMI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), in addition to the inflammatory markers, oxidative status and leptin level in patients with metabolic syndrome in comparison with metformin.
The study is a randomized, double-blind pilot study conducted during the period May to September, 2020. Fifty patients were recruited in the study and they were allocated into two groups (25 per each group): Ginkgo biloba and Metformin groups, they received (120 mg Ginkgo biloba extract/ capsule) and (500 mg Metformin/ capsule) respectively; orally as a single dose for 90 days. Blood samples were taken at z
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