Background: Saliva is a specific bio-fluid with important biomarkers. Analyzing any alternation in these markers could give valuable information, in relation to oral health status parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of α -amylase in unstimulated whole saliva of healthy, primary school children in relation to some oral health parameters. Materials and Methods: A questionnaires consisted of demography and medical histories of participants were filled by children families. Saliva samples were collected for 5- minutes between 9:00 -11:00 AM from 114 healthy students aged 6-13 years, divided into four age groups. Flow- rate, Plaque and Gingival Index were assessed and dentition status was investigated by DMFT/dmft using WHO criteria. Salivary amylase was analyzed in unite per litter, using quantitative colorimetric amylase determination at 585nm. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between age and salivary flow-rate, (r=0.362, P < 0.001). Salivary α-amylase concentration increased significantly with age (P< 0.001). For each one year there is an increase in age, amylase level is expected to increase by 5.2 U/L. A male gender is expected to reduce salivary α -amylase level by 10.6 U/L compared to female, however the effect was not significant. Gingival index was positively, although non-significantly associated with salivary α -amylase concentration. DMFT showed a significant weak positive linear correlation with salivary amylase level (r=0.309, P<0.001), while deciduous teeth decay experience and plaque index were significantly and negatively associated with salivary amylase. Conclusion: Results emphasize the importance of salivary amylase, as a non-invasive biomarker in regulating oral and dental health status in children.
In spite of the foundation of Iraqi state in 1921 and the formation of the new features of
the modern state, however, the inherited costumes and traditions sustained in the conservative
society. But due to the development that inflicted to the Iraqi society and the development of
the staff in all fields and requirement conducting to female learning. After WW II and the
1950s, women get out of their houses to seek learning by approaching the doors.
What is positive about that phase was the formation of the College of Queen A'liya
which is regarded as a positive indicator. In any case the Iraqi family encouraged women to
be indulged in higher education. Calling the college Queen A'liya
This research aims at analysing epitaphs written by Thomas Moore for the memory of Rupert Southey, the epitaph is analysed linguistically and stylistically on four levels graphology, phonology, morphology, and lexico-syntax level to explore the elements that the writer uses the most at each level. Bearing in mind Nowottny approach (1962) (to text analysis) who believes that the linguistic analysis of a literary text is not just a marginal but a necessity” (Bakuuro etal., 2018:34). The researcher has selected and analysed a written epitaph of famous individual associated with English, literature. The study involves both literary and linguistic analysis, with much more concentration through the analysis on the aspect of linguistics. In fact
... Show MoreIn recent years, the linguo-philosophical studies of metaphor have tended to define metaphor as an interaction of the object, that is the referent of conceptualization and some features that are associated with sensual manner realities, whose name is used when resolving the conceptual problem-nominative situation, namely the situation of the formation of a new concept and its verbalization. The objective of this term paper lies in the phenomenon of metaphors used in modern political discourse. In our understanding a metaphor is not only of a linguistic nature, but also political. This paper approaches the subject of conceptual metaphor and political argumentation through the prism of synergies of the political topic, affirmative or negative
... Show MoreThe current research is concerned with a pragmatic study of attack and defense acts that are used by President Donald Trump in the American Presidential Debate in 2020. Attack is an attempt to harm or defeat someone, and it is a bold message that the speaker or attacker does not like or disagree with the other antagonist. On the contrary, defense means a person responds to an attack of his or her opponent. After an attack, the politician either negates or fact-checks claims made by his opponents or tries to set the record straight. By the end of the study, it is expected to answer the following questions: What are the most frequent strategies of attack and defense that utilized by President Trump to formulate his speech? What are the reason
... Show MoreThe efforts in designing and developing lightweight cryptography (LWC) started a decade ago. Many scholarly studies in literature report the enhancement of conventional cryptographic algorithms and the development of new algorithms. This significant number of studies resulted in the rise of many review studies on LWC in IoT. Due to the vast number of review studies on LWC in IoT, it is not known what the studies cover and how extensive the review studies are. Therefore, this article aimed to bridge the gap in the review studies by conducting a systematic scoping study. It analyzed the existing review articles on LWC in IoT to discover the extensiveness of the reviews and the topics covered. The results of the study suggested that many re
... Show MoreThis piece of research deals with assimilation as one of the phonological processes in the language. It is a trial to give more attention to this important process in English language with deep explanation to its counterpart in Arabic. in addition, this study sheds light on the points of similarities and differences concerning this process in the two languages. Assimilation in English means two sounds are involved, and one becomes more like the other.
The assimilating phoneme picks up one or more of the features of another nearby phoneme. The English phoneme /n/ has t
... Show MoreBackground: Osteoid osteoma(OO) is a relatively common benign skeletal neoplasm of unknown etiology that is composed of osteoid and woven bone, usually seen in adolescent and young males Although, the clinical, radiological and scintigraphic features of OO have been well described, these features may be misleading or altered in the cases of lesser trochanter of the femur which is relatively uncommon location for OO with a few number of cases reported up to date.Case Presentation: We report a case of a 20-year-old man who presented with painful limpThe pain had begun six months earlier and was made worse by walking and by exercise., with normal initial X-rays .The diagnosis was made after six months when typical Computed tomography, magne
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