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jbcd-1099
Nutritional Status among a Group of Preschool Children in Relation to Concentration of Selected Elements in Saliva and Caries Severity (A Comparative Study)
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Background: Nutritional status during childhood is very important for individual development and growth. Nutrition has local and systemic effect on the oral health by affecting dental health and salivary composition. This study was aimed to determine effect of iron, sodium and potassium ions in saliva on the nutritional status and to determine the effect of nutritional status on caries severity among preschool children. Material and Methods: The sample consists of 90 children aged 4 and 5 years of both genders, selected from 6 kindergartens in Al-Resafa aspect of Baghdad province. Children classified according to their nutritional status into three groups (normalweight, underweight and overweight). Nutritional status was determined by using body mass index BMI that achieved from height and weight (weight (Kg)/height (m)2). Assessment and recording of caries experience was done by the application of decayed, missing, filled index (dmfs for primary teeth). The diagnosis of dental caries was done according to (d1-4 mfs) criteria for primary teeth. Stimulated saliva was collected from children between 9-11 AM under standardized conditions and chemically analyzed to determine the concentration of iron, sodium and potassium calorimetrically by using ready-made kits and spectrophotometer machine. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Results: Concentration of sodium, potassium and iron ions were (46.64 mg/dl ± 18.00, 31.22 mg/dl ± 9.84, 17.76µg/dl ± 3.17) respectively. From the elements measured in saliva only sodium ions recorded statistically significant difference among the three groups of nutritional status. By application of LSD, the significant difference was found to be between normal weight and overweight groups (46.33 mg/dl ± 17.18, 40.64 mg/dl ± 14.79) respectively (P<0.05). Furthermore, positive and statistically significant correlations were recorded between sodium ions with BMI mean of overweight group on one hand (r=- 0.125, P<0.05) and iron ions and normal weight group on other hand (r=0.362, P<0.05). Recording and diagnosis of dental caries showed that means of ds, ms, dmfs, d2s and d4s were significantly higher among children aged 5 years than those aged 4 years. In addition to that means of ds, ms, dmfs and d2s were significantly differ among the three groups of nutrition. Application of LSD test showed that those means were higher among underweight group than others. Conclusion: Concentration of sodium ions in saliva changed according to nutritional status. On the other hand nutritional status may affect caries severity, where underweight children suffering from dental caries more than normalweight and overweight children. Key words: Nutritional status, concentration of iron, sodium and potassium in saliva, Severity of caries.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 10 2013
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of English Studies
The Use of Restrictive Relative Clauses in Letters to the Editors
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A restrictive relative clause (RRC hereafter), which is also known as a defining relative clause, gives essential information about a noun that comes before it: without this clause the sentence wouldn’t make much sense. A RRC can be introduced by that, which, whose, who, or whom. Givon (1993, 1995), Fox (1987), Fox and Thompson (1990) state that a RCC is used for two main functions: grounding and description. When a RRC serves the function of linking the current referent to the preceding utterance in the discourse, it does a grounding function; and when the information coded in a RRC is associated with the prior proposition frame, the RRC does a proposition-linking grounding function. Furthermore, when a RRC is not used to ground a new di

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 14 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE ROLE OF PRESS ADVERTISING IN ENCOURAGING THE PUBLIC TO PURCHASE
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This research sheds light on how press advertising affects consumer behavior and draws attention to it by identifying the factors that influence the intellectual perception process or attention to it. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help to achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The research problem was identified in four questions that were answered through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of students of College of Mass Communication, University of Baghdad. Do newspaper advertisements meet the readers’ need to search for the req

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Oral Microbiology
Current concepts in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: from symbiosis to dysbiosis
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
Lark
The Image of the Arab in Hebrew Literature for Young Adults – A Reading of the Novel “Nadia” by Kalila Ron Feder
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يهدف هذا البحث الى التطرق الى صورة العربي كما يعرضها ادب اليافعين العبري في رواية " نادية " للكاتبة العبرية " كاليلا رون فيدر " . والتي تعد من الاديبات العبريات اللواتي تطرقن بصورة مباشرة الى موضوع ما خلف الجدار ، والصراع العربي – الإسرائيلي وانعكاساته على المجتمع الإسرائيلي بصورة عامة والمجتمع العربي بصورة خاصة . ينقسم هذا البحث إلى ثلاثة فصول، تطرق الفصل الأول  إلى "ادب اليافعين"، و تاريخه ، مميزاته والفئ

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of banking technology in enhancing the strategic capacity: an applied research on a sample of Iraqi private commercial banks
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Abstract :                                                                                               

                 This research demonstrates the importance of

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Effect of Recirculation Ratio on the Uniformity Flow in a High Area Ratio of Outlets Pipe at Different Entrance flow rates
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The uniform flow distrbiution in the multi-outlets pipe highly depends on the several parameters act togather. Therefor, there is no general method to achieve this goal. The  goal of this study is to investigate the proposed approach that can provide significant relief of the maldistribution. The method is based on re-circulating portion of flow from the end of the header to reduce pressure at this region . The physical model consists of main manifold with uniform longitudinal section having diameter of 152.4 mm (6 in), five laterals with diameter of 76.2 mm (3 in), and spacing of 300 mm. At first, The experiment is carried out with conventional manifold, which is a closed-end. Then, small amount of water is allowed

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Use of the Iraqi Song in the Orchestral Compositions of Hanz Moomer- (Foug Al-Nakhl) as a Model: فراس ياسين جاسم
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The use of the Iraqi song in the symphony orchestra is one of the pioneering and important works, which carries with it an artistic value of aesthetic specificity in how to use the Iraqi singing heritage. The research aimed to identify the employment of the song (Foug Al-Nakhl) and its works within the Iraqi national symphony orchestra music by the author Hans Count Momer whose works still have a great influence on the authors of the Iraqi orchestra.  The researcher presented a brief introduction to the Iraqi Symphony Orchestra, a brief introduction about the author, and the trends of world music towards heritage. He also talked about musical composition, research procedures and tools, and applying the tool to the selected sample (F

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 05 2024
Journal Name
European Endodontic Journal
Assessment of Treatment Quality Risk Factors Influencing the Radiographic Detection of Apical Periodontitis in Root-Filled Teeth: A Retrospective CBCT Analysis
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 18 2022
Journal Name
Webology
Ethical Perception of Leadership and Responsible Behavior: An Exploratory Study of Leaders of Public Organizations in Iraq
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The study aimed to identify the effect of the ethical perception of a sample of managers in public organizations on responsible behavior in light of the rapid changes taking place in the external environment. To achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach by applying a questionnaire of two parts. The first part dealt with the ethical perception according to the scale of Johnson (2015), which consisted of (22) items. The second part dealt with measuring responsible behavior, which consisted of (20) items based on the scale of Development of Ethical Behavior (Narvaez, 2006) for a sample of (125) respondents randomly chosen. The results showed that the estimation degree of managers in public governmental o

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 13 2019
Journal Name
Spe Kuwait Oil & Gas Show And Conference
Optimization of Fracture Parameters for Hydraulic Fractured Horizontal Well in a Heterogeneous Tight Reservoir: An Equivalent Homogeneous Modelling Approach
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Abstract<p>Building numerical reservoir simulation model with a view to model actual case requires enormous amount of data and information. Such modeling and simulation processes normally require lengthy time and different sets of field data and experimental tests that are usually very expensive. In addition, the availability, quality and accessibility of all necessary data are very limited, especially for the green field. The degree of complexities of such modelling increases significantly especially in the case of heterogeneous nature typically inherited in unconventional reservoirs. In this perspective, this study focuses on exploring the possibility of simplifying the numerical simulation pr</p> ... Show More
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