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Cephalometric Study of Iraqi Adult Subjects with Cl I and Cl III Skeletal Relationships and Their Effects on Masseter Muscle Thickness by Using Ultrasonography
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Background: Masseter muscle is one of the most obvious muscles of mastication and considered as one indicator of jaw muscle activity. It has a major influence on the transverse growth of the midface and the vertical growth of the mandible. This study undertaken to determine the role of cephalometric analysis for discrimination between Cl I and Cl III skeletal relationships, determine the role of ultrasonography in determination of masseter muscle thickness, compare masseter muscle thickness between Cl I and Cl III skeletal relationships, and determine the effect of gender on masseter muscle thickness. Material and Method: The sample of the current study consisted of 70 Iraqi subjects 40 males and 30 females with age ranging 18-25 years. They were divided into 2 groups depending on ANB angle: class I skeletal relationship 20 males and 15 females and class III skeletal relationship 20 males and 15 females. The collected sample included patients attended for different diagnostic purposes to the Dental Radiology Department at College of Dentistry/Babylon University, standardized lateral cephalogram was taken to determine facial morphology, six angular and eight linear measurements were assessed. Masseter muscle thickness measured ultrasonography in Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital/Ultrasonorgaphic Department, in relaxation and contraction conditions for both sides. Results: Various parameters measured for males and females in each class and the comparison shown statistically significant differences between them (P<0.05). No difference in muscle thickness between right and left sides in the same class (P>0.05). Gender variation showed significant difference in masseter muscle thickness during rest and occlusion conditions (P<0.001). Conclusion: Cephalometric analysis served to demonstrate the skeletal morphologies and provide a base for discrimination between class I and class III skeletal relationships. Ultrasonographic scanning is an important imaging procedure. It is reproducible and simple method for accurately measuring masseter muscle thickness. The ultrasonorgaphic study has revealed variations in masseter muscle thickness among individuals with different skeletal morphologies in each gender on one hand and between males and females in each skeletal class on the other hand. Key words: Masseter muscle thickness, skeletal morphology, cephalometric analysis, ultrasonorgaphic scanning.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2024
Journal Name
وقائع المؤتمر العلمي الدولي السابع للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية
The Effect of Cartoons on The Acquisition of English by Iraqi Children اثر الرسوم المتحركة في اكتساب اللغة الانجليزية لدى الاطفال العراقييين
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Bn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effects of Different Levels of Urea and Superphosphate Fertilizer in Some Growth Characters and the Yield of Fenugreek plant
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جريت التجربة في اصص فخارية سعة كل اصيص 4 كغم تربة في البيت الزجاجي التابع لقسم علوم الحياة/كلية التربية ابن الهيثـــــــــم/جـامعــة بـغداد لموســم النمـو 2008-2009 لدراســة تأثيــر اربعـــة مستويـــــات من سمــــاد اليوريـــا وهي (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4) غم/اصيص والتي تعادل (0, 100, 200, 400) كغم/هكتار وثلاث مستويات من سماد السوبر فوسفات وهي (0, 0.1, 0.2) غم/اصيص والتي تعادل (0, 100, 200) كغم/هكتارفي مكونـات الحاصـــل لنبــات الحلبـــة Trigonella foe

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis of New Nucleoside Analogues From Benzimidazole and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity
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Our goal in this research, some new nucleoside analogues was synthesized. Starting from ?-D glucose which was converted to per acetylated ?-D gluco pyronoside then converted to active from(1-Bromo Sugar (2) as a sugar moiety.The base moiety 2-substituted benzimidazole was prepared from condensation of phenylene diamine with different aromatic aldehydes, which were subjected to amino alkylation via Mannich reaction forming new nucleobase derivatives. Condensation of nucleobase with bromo sugar through nucleophilic substitution of anomeric carbon with nitrogen forming new protected nucleoside analogues then hydrolyzed with sodium methoxide in methanol to obtain our target, the free nucleoside analogues. All prepared compound were identified b

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Two dimensional grating and efficiency enhancement of Si photovoltaic cells by surface texturing using UV femtosecond laser pulses
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A fast laser texturing technique has been utilized to produce micro/nano surface textures in Silicon by means of UV femtosecond laser. We have prepared good absorber surface for photovoltaic cells. The textured Silicon surface absorbs the incident light greater than the non-textured surface. The results show a photovoltaic current increase about 21.3% for photovoltaic cell with two-dimensional pattern as compared to the same cell without texturing.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Extraction of Bovine Serum Albumin by Aqueous Two-Phase System Using PEG4000/Sodium Citrate and PEG8000/Sodium Phosphate
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Aqueous Two Phase System (ATPS) or liquid-liquid extraction is used in biotechnology to recover valuable compounds from raw sources. In Aqueous Two-Phase Systems, many factors influence the Partition coefficient, K, (which is the ratio of protein concentration in the top phase to that in the bottom phase) and the Recovery percentage (Rec%). In this research, two systems of ATPS were used: first, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000/Sodium citrate (SC), and the second, PEG8000/ Sodium phosphate (SPH), for the extraction of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). The behavior of Rec% and K of pure (BSA) in ATPS has been investigated throughout the study by the effects of five parameters: temperature, concentration of polyethylene glycol (P

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Structure properties of cobalt dioxide (CoO2) thin films effected by violet and red lasers irradiation using (SCSP) technique
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation Age and Gender for General Census of the population in Iraq by using nonparametric Bayesian Kernel Estimators
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The process of evaluating data (age and the gender structure) is one of the important factors that help any country to draw plans and programs for the future. Discussed the errors in population data for the census of Iraqi population of 1997. targeted correct and revised to serve the purposes of planning. which will be smoothing the population databy using nonparametric regression estimator (Nadaraya-Watson estimator) This estimator depends on bandwidth (h) which can be calculate it by two ways of using Bayesian method, the first when observations distribution is Lognormal Kernel and the second is when observations distribution is Normal Kernel

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Estimation of Initial Oil in Place for Buzurgan Oil Field by Using Volumetric Method and Reservoir Simulation Method
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The estimation of the initial oil in place is a crucial topic in the period of exploration, appraisal, and development of the reservoir. In the current work, two conventional methods were used to determine the Initial Oil in Place. These two methods are a volumetric method and a reservoir simulation method. Moreover, each method requires a type of data whereet al the volumetric method depends on geological, core, well log and petrophysical properties data while the reservoir simulation method also needs capillary pressure versus water saturation, fluid production and static pressure data for all active wells at the Mishrif reservoir. The petrophysical properties for the studied reservoir is calculated using neural network technique

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBONS FROM DATE STONES BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION METHOD USING FeCl3 and ZnCl2 as ACTIVATING AGENTS
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Date stones were used as precursor for the preparation of activated carbons by chemical
activation with ferric chloride and zinc chloride. The effects of operating conditions represented
by the activation time, activation temperature, and impregnation ratio on the yield and adsorption
capacity towards methylene blue (MB) of prepared activated carbon by ferric chloride activation
(FAC) and zinc chloride activation (ZAC) were studied. For FAC, an optimum conditions of 1.25
h activation time, 700 °C activation temperature, and 1.5 impregnation ratio gave 185.15 mg/g
MB uptake and 47.08 % yield, while for ZAC, 240.77 mg/g MB uptake and 40.46 % yield were
obtained at the optimum conditions of 1.25 h activation time, 500

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
factors determining pricing strategies in Iraqi business market – on analytic study in a number of industrial sector companies
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Pricing has an important position among the elements of marketing mixture (4ps) as it represents revenues that in turn represent one of the important  pillars' for resources affecting on organizations sustainability and development , and the failure in determining prices and their strategies has a dangerous effect on the organizations reality and future as a whole . from this point,  this is what from the focus of the research problem,which centered on how to get companies to critical price that satisfies customers and achieve corporate objectives.                          

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