This study presents a linguistic analysis of how Russian and American mainstream media and official statements deployed speech acts of accusation during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Using Speech Act Theory (Austin, 1962; Searle, 1976) as the framework. The study analyzes 50 texts of English-language official statements and media headlines from both sides. In this research utterances are categorized into assertives, expressives, directives, commissives, and declarations, and analyzes their pragmatic force in shaping narratives. The analysis reveals contrasts in tone and rhetorical strategy: U.S. officials and media overwhelmingly use assertive accusations and expressive condemnations to morally indict Russia, while Russian counterparts issue assertive counter-accusations along with defensive justifications. Both sides employ commissives through Americans vowing punitive action and support for Ukraine, while Russians pledging to achieve war aims, and they use directives, from Western calls for Russia to cease aggression to Russian demands that NATO stop expansion. These findings suggest that speech acts of accusation are not just reporting or opinion, rather they perform actions: condemning, justifying, threatening, and gathering support. This research provides novel insight into how language itself becomes a battleground, and concludes that such starkly divergent rhetorical strategies, though serving immediate political aims. Furthermore, it entrench the conflict by obstructing mutual understanding, highlighting the essential role of linguistic analysis in conflict studies.
Financial compensation contracts related to Hajj
اتضح لنا ما تقدم ان ما يسمى بالتنمية البشرية المستدامة لا تعدو تكون غير سياسة لتحشيد واستقطاب القوى المضادة للتقدم وتحويلها الى جيش موغل في منافعه بعد تشريكه بجرائم الامبريالية وتوظيفه ضد شعبه بإسم التنمية، وبإسم قلب لسلم الاولاويات، وتحريف تاريخ التقدم والتطور الذي لم يبني عرشه لا بتقديم الرعاية الانتاجية، الاقتصادية على الرعاية الاجتماعية، طيلة حقبة زمنية تجاوزت الاربعة قرون. ولما كان عصياً قلب ال
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Abstract
This study dealt with " The Strategic analysis of Operating Income". The study Concerned with two main variables, they are: Strategic analysis and operating income and used one of the total strategic analysis tools, it is "resources analysis method" through analysing the change in operating income in the years that taken in comparing in three components: growth, price recovery and productivity.
To achieve the goal of the research, the study depended upon a hypothesis, "The strategic analysis of operating income leads to supply the appropriate information for the management to make sure of executing its definite strategies".
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Bohemia AL-Kharab for Salah Salah Which contain 477Paper deal With History of Nathion This Novel Has a different styl from another IraQis Novels, this Novel has no conversation this is the basic reason Which hav this research .
The novel have 3 versions , the first one deal with explain the text in different ways , the second contains the realation ship between the text and the reader .
Which appear very clear in novel from up to down , whil the third one and the last explaine
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The time bylose the relation in the novel.
The last thing is the conclusion which has the simple things conclude by the researcher from several readings to the novel
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ملخّص البحث
المرابحة المصرفية من أكثر الأدوات الاستثمارية والتمويلية انتشاراً عند الناس ولدى المصارف الاسلامية في تعاملاتها الاستثمارية، فقد أكدت بعض الدراسات الميدانية والاستقراء في تعاملات البنوك الاسلامية أن المرابحة المصرفية زحزحت الأدوات والصيغ التمويلية الأخرى كالمضاربة والمشاركة وغيرهما عن مواقعها وريادتها في تغطية حاجات العملاء ورغباتهم الاستهلا
... Show Moreان دراسة مستقبل النظام الدولي حاليا يبدو انه وفق المعطيات العلمية والوقائع القائمة في ظل بروز الفواعل الدولية من غير الدول، والمؤسسات غير الرسمية الدولية انه يتجه لنظام اللاقطبية وهذا الاتجاه تغذيه متغيرات عديدة لتقليص القطبية، ومن المتوقع مستقبلاً ان تحول النظام الدولي الى اللاقطبية.
In this work various correlation methods were employed to investigate the annual cross-correlation patterns among three different ionospheric parameters: Optimum Working Frequency (OWF), Highest Probable Frequency (HPF), and Best Usable Frequency (BUF). The annual predicted dataset for these parameters were generated using VOCAP and ASASPS models based on the monthly Sunspot Numbers (SSN) during two years of solar cycle 24, minimum 2009 and maximum 2014. The investigation was conducted for Thirty-two different transmitter/receiver stations distributed over Middle East. The locations were selected based on the geodesic parameters which were calculated for different path lengths (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000) km and bearings (N, NE, E, S
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The follower of the needs of the users of accounting information notices the necessity of adopting faithful representation of information Hence, IASB adopted the economic substance approach as the basis for the Formulation and development of international accounting standards Therefore, this research discusses the reflection of the economic phenomenon in terms of its economic substance on the subject of measurement , And it should be consistent measurement method where the problem of research is concentrated in the fact that the economic units operating in the local environment to address events and economic phenomena according to the legal form , as appropriate With the requirements of the unified accounting sys
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