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Efficient and Stable Routing Algorithm Based on User Mobility and Node Density in Urban Vehicular Network
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Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are considered an emerging technology in the industrial and educational fields. This technology is essential in the deployment of the intelligent transportation system, which is targeted to improve safety and efficiency of traffic. The implementation of VANETs can be effectively executed by transmitting data among vehicles with the use of multiple hops. However, the intrinsic characteristics of VANETs, such as its dynamic network topology and intermittent connectivity, limit data delivery. One particular challenge of this network is the possibility that the contributing node may only remain in the network for a limited time. Hence, to prevent data loss from that node, the information must reach the destination node via multi-hop routing techniques. An appropriate, efficient, and stable routing algorithm must be developed for various VANET applications to address the issues of dynamic topology and intermittent connectivity. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel routing algorithm called efficient and stable routing algorithm based on user mobility and node density (ESRA-MD). The proposed algorithm can adapt to significant changes that may occur in the urban vehicular environment. This algorithm works by selecting an optimal route on the basis of hop count and link duration for delivering data from source to destination, thereby satisfying various quality of service considerations. The validity of the proposed algorithm is investigated by its comparison with ARP-QD protocol, which works on the mechanism of optimal route finding in VANETs in urban environments. Simulation results reveal that the proposed ESRA-MD algorithm shows remarkable improvement in terms of delivery ratio, delivery delay, and communication overhead.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch.
External morphology study of female genus Hauptidia Dworaowska, 1970 of sub-family typhlocybinae Kirschbaum, 1868, order hemiptera collected from Al-Kafal area in Babylon, Iraq
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 16 2021
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Computer And Mathematics Education
Awareness of the concepts of the green economy among the student-teacher at the College of Education for Pure Sciences - Ibn al-Haytham in Iraq
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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Culture Consumption in an Increase of Deception Marketing , a Sample Survey of Cosmetic Users Employees College of Administration & Economics / University of Mosul
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Economics / University of Mosul

 

Abstract

The spread of the phenomenon of excessive buying in our society, especially for cosmetics, and at the same time increase the marketing deception by the organizations to take quick profit 'and accordingly was identified the problem of research in several questions, including:

Is there a significant effect of consumption culture on marketing deception?                                                &n

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Metaphor in Political Discourse Press Articles By Louis Bassets As A Model: La metáfora en el discurso político. Los artículos de Lluís Bassets como ejemplo
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       The present paper focuses on studying a rhetorical form often used in Spanish linguistic discourse .It also examines the study two sides (theoretical and practical), the concept of metaphor, the most important modern school that deals with this issue, the development of this technique and its relationship with other intellectual ideologies, and the role metaphor plays in interpreting the meaning of the linguistic discourse especially in conveying political message. The study allows the formulation and the creation of a conceptual picture for the purposes of metaphor in the linguistic discourse used in Spanish press. It investigates discursive models from the Spanish press,

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 16 2022
Journal Name
Res Militaris
The contents of the campaign (your health is a trust) of the World Health Organization in Iraq to prevent infection with the Covid 19 virus
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This study examines the analysis of the contents of the international public relations campaign in confronting the Covid-19 virus, which was taken from the (Your Health is a Trust) campaign for the World Health Organization, Iraq office.The research problem revolves around a main question that is, what are the axes of the campaign (Your Health is a Trust) established by the World Health Organization (Iraq office) in the prevention of Covid 19 virus?From this main question, several sub-questions emerged that this study answered on their Facebook page, and the communication activities of the Covid-19 awareness campaign. In the content analysis form, as this form included a number of main themes and main categoriesthat were adopted in analyzin

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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon May 18 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-?1) immunohistochemical (IHC) expression profile in the gingival tissue of patients with different forms of periodontal diseases
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Background: This study evaluate the immunohistochemical expression profile of transforming growth factor beta-1 in inflamed gingival tissue of patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and, determine the correlation between this cytokine and the clinical periodontal parameters, intensity of inflammation and chronic periodontitis severity. Materials and methods: Gingival tissue specimens were taken from 23 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects. The periodontal status was evaluated by dichotomous measurements of the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, CAL). The gingival specimens were fixed immediately in 10% formalin and processed ro

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The effectiveness of a proposed program to solve the problem of mixing Arabic letters similar to the voice of students in the second grade primary
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The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a program to address the problem of mixing similar letters in the Arabic language for students in the second grade of primary and to achieve the goal of the research. The researcher followed the experimental method to suit the nature of this research and found that there are statistically significant differences between the tribal and remote tests, The effectiveness of the proposed educational program. At the end of the research, the researcher recommends several recommendations, the most important of which are: 1 - Training students to correct pronunciation of the outlets, especially in the first three stages of primary education (primary) and the use of direct training

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 08 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Obstacles facing the application of electronic banking An exploratory: study of the opinions of a sample of bank employees operating in the city of Nasiriyah
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Electronic banking plays a prominent role in providing the best banking services and upgrading the banking sector for the better, so this study aimed to shed light on the most prominent obstacles that prevent the application of electronic banking in banks operating in the city of Nasiriyah, and in order to achieve this goal the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach And through a questionnaire form that was distributed to a group of employees, numbering (60) employees in the upper, middle and operational departments in a number of branches of private banks operating in the city of Nasiriyah, namely (the Iraqi Trade Bank, the Gulf Commercial Bank, the Bank of Baghdad, the Union Bank of Iraq), which represented The stu

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Publication Date
Mon May 27 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Aesthetic Approaches to Dialectical Development in the Functions of Contemporary Theater Director ) Macbeth Play Directed by Salah al-Qasab a Model (: ثابت رسول جواد
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The current research studies the aesthetic framework for the dialectical development of the functions of the contemporary theater director in an aesthetic approach to the mechanisms of functional overlap between the dramaturgy and direction functions, and scenography and direction, the detection of the controversial structure of that overlap, and what can be summed up in the following question: (what are the aesthetic approaches of the dialectical development in the function of the contemporary theatre director?). The research is determined by a pivotal aim which is (knowing the aesthetic nature of the dialectical development in

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of the green human resources management practices in a achieving requirements of environmental citizenship- Field research at the General Company for Vegetable Oils.
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The research aims to determine the role of the practices of green human resources management in achieving requirements of environmental citizenship in the workplace, the General Company for Vegetable Oils was chosen for the application of field-side of research which represent one of the important industrial companies in Iraq, which suffers from poor Green human resources management applications, which reflected negatively on the development Environmental citizenship among Employees. The questionnaire use as a tool to collect data and information as well as field presence of the researcher, The research sample included (30) managers of departments and Division ,and through using statistical program (SPSS) the data has been analys

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