Objectives: The objectives of the present study are to identify both, the rate of urinary tract infections (UTI) in medical
and surgical wards in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and the common types of microorganisms that cause this type of NIs,
study the resistance of isolated microorganisms to several types of antibiotic and the effect of some disinfection
material like Iodine, chlorhexidine and septicin on the growth of these isolates.
Methodology: This is descripƟve study carried out from 1\6\2009 to 1\11\2009. A total of 200 paƟents were admiƩed
to medical and surgical wards in Baghdad teaching hospital, paƟents were divided into two group 100 paƟents, in
surgical ward and 100 paƟents in medical ward. Some of important information was recorded. Urine samples were
cultured on different culture media in order to isolate different pathogenic bacteria. Then, the sensitivity of these
isolates were tested against different antimicrobials, antibiotics (amikacin, ampicillin, cefixime, cefotaxime,
cephalexin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, nitrofuranion, rifimpicin and vancomycin) and the effects of different
disinfectant solutions with different concentrations; including benzalkonium chloride (septicin, commercial),
chlorhexidine and povidoniodine (betadine, commercial), were tested as well on the growth of isolated bacteria.
Results: The results show that a high incidence of (UTI) as nosocomial infections appeared in medical and surgical
wards in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and most of paƟents were male at age groups ranged from 46-55 years and 36-45
years in medical and surgical ward respectively. The highest rate of UTIs increased in patients who had needed
catheterization procedures in both wards. Gram negative bacteria were commonly p. aeuroginosa and E. coli, less
commonly gram positive bacteria like methicillin-resistant Satph aureus were isolated as etiologic agents of UTIs
infections in both wards. Moreover, multi-drug resistance for common use antibiotics was observed in most virulent
species like Pseudomonas aeuroginos and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Nitrofurantion was the
best drug for all bacterial isolates. It was obvious that 10-15% of povidione-iodine solution has more effect on the
growth controlling of pathogenic bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeuroginos isolates. The results indicated
significant differences (p˂0.01) between the effect of SepƟcin and Chlorhexidine on the acƟvity of isolated bacteria.
Recommendations: The study recommends that the catheter should be changed every 2 days, especially if signs of
urinary tract infections appear and using antimicrobial catheters and intelligent use of aseptic techniques, and limiting
the use of antibiotics and the use of most effective disinfectant in the exact concentration specified by the
manufacture, and the detection antibiotic resistance gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique.
Students' passive listening to their teacher's reading is one of main
reasons behindtheir weakness in the reading skill which in its turn may
hinderachieving the in desired objectives.
When exploiting critical thinking, which will lead to deeper
understanding of the intellectual content, in learning and accurate and
correct students' outcomes.
Active listening allows paying attention to the speaker, asking him,
arguing with him, judging what he says, and making decision on what
he says. For this reason, the researcher felt the need for preforming a
study to identify the effect of critical listening on developing students'
critical thinking at reading in the Kurdish language department.
The researcher has
Background: Job satisfaction remains as an important concern for both employer and employee. A high-quality teaching staff is the cornerstone of a successful educational system. One step in developing a high quality faculty understands the factors associated with teaching quality and retention. One of these factors is job satisfaction, which has been studied widely by organizational researchers.Objectives: To evaluate the extent of job satisfaction of teaching staff working at AL-Kindy College of medicine and to identify some work-related factors associated with job satisfaction.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out. A convenient sample of 50 teaching staff, who had a teaching job at different scientific departments at AL-Kin
... Show MoreCorpus linguistics is a methodology in studying language through corpus-based research. It differs from a traditional approach in studying a language (prescriptive approach) in its insistence on the systematic study of authentic examples of language in use (descriptive approach).A “corpus” is a large body of machine-readable structurally collected naturally occurring linguistic data, either written texts or a transcription of recorded speech, which can be used as a starting-point of linguistic description or as a means of verifying hypotheses about a language. In the past decade, interest has grown tremendously in the use of language corpora for language education. The ways in which corpora have been employed in language pedago
... Show MoreLanguage Teaching & Leaning Problems at the Iraqi university level: Image & Reality
Motivation is one of the most important factors that influence students learning and has a great effect on their success and achievement. For this reason, in this paper, the researcher is going to investigate the motivational teaching strategies used by EFL Iraqi school teachers. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher adapted a questionnaire with some changes and modification’s. This questionnaire with five point scale (always, often, sometimes, rarely and never). To achieve face validity, the questionnaire items are given to a jury of experts. Alpha Cronbach formula is used to achieve the questionnaire reliability. After that, the questionnaire was applied on a sample of 38 teachers during the academic year 2019-2020. Th
... Show MoreAl-Yusifia river was assessed at three sampling stations with study period from Autumn 2010 to the end of Summer 2011. The present investigation was carried out on diversity of fungi and bacteria from Al-Yusifia river, Baghdad city. During the study, a total of 12 fungal genus and 6 bacterial genus were isolated during the year seasons. The dominant fungus at the three stations were Penicillium sp., then Rhizopus and Trichophyton megninii while the dominant bacteria was Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp.
The higher
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Objective: To determine the effect of instructional program on infertile women's knowledge regarding
diagnostic and therapeutic intervention for infertility.
Methodology: Non-probability (purposive sample) of (100) infertile women, who visit Kamal Al-Samaraee Hospital/
fertility and IVF center. The data are collected through the use of constructed questionnaire, which included:
demographic characteristics, social status, previous medical history, reproductive status, sexual status and questions
regarding women’s knowledge about infertility. Instrument validity and reliability was determined. Data were
collected through the use of questionnaire, the application of the instructional program was done for the study group<
Antibiotics present the greatest threat to soil and aquatic ecosystems among the different therapeutic groups of medicines (which include prescription drugs and treatments for cancer). The strongest drugs, antibiotics, have been utilized to stop the growth of microorganisms or eradicate them. Using high-performance liquid chromatography technology with fluorescence detection, the amounts of levofloxacin and tetracycline in the wastewater from three hospitals (Medical City, AlKindi, and Al-Yarmouk) were determined. Levofloxacin and tetracycline were chosen in this study because they are the most important water pollutants. These antibiotic residues were separated and measured using a gradient elution technique on a reverse-phase C18 co
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