Objective(s): This study aims at determining the effectiveness of an educational program on knowledge of high school students' knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences, and to find out the association between students’ knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences and their demographic data of age, socioeconomic status, and educational level of parents.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study is conducted for the period of October 28th, 2019 to March 30th, 2020. The study sample included a nonprobability “purposive” sample of (124) male students (62) students for the control group and (62) students for the study group, aged (14-19) years who are selected from Al-Hikma High School for Boys in Kirkuk City, Iraq. A self-report questionnaire is used for data collection which has included three parts; the first part deals with the students' demographic information, the second part includes students' knowledge about substances and the third part is about students' knowledge of the health effects of substance abuse.
Results: The study results reveal that there is a significant difference in students' knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences between the post-test knowledge score of the study group. There is no significant relationship between students'' knowledge and their demographic variables of age, parents’ education, and socio-economic status.
Recommendations: The study recommends that providing of an educational program about substance abuse and their consequences as part of the curriculum in high schools is essential and encouraging collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Environment and the Ministry of Education to prevent substance abuse among students.
The basis of the personality of each individual lies in the early years of his or her life. If the personality of the child has been well organized and if the motives have been fully expressed and effectively directed, the child will have a strong will, happy self-confidence and a strong personality. If there is a failure In the early years, the individual will be unable to meet his responsibilities in life and may be the victim of many psychological disorders. The family is a learning process through which children acquire the customs, traditions, attitudes and values prevailing in their social environment. (Pre-and-after) play and its relationship to parenting methods of (democratic-bullying-overprotection- and neglect), which wi
... Show MoreMycobacterium tuberculosis is the cause of the major world health issue, tuberculosis (TB). The cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) has been implicated in protection against TB in the early stages of the disease. TNF-α is an effective cytokine in the killing of intracellular M. tuberculosis. This study inducted to investigate whether there is any relationship between levels of TNF-α in sera of TB patients and their recovery, and is there any difference in the level of this cytokine in sera of female and male TB patients. This study included 29 patients with pulmonary TB (18 female and 11 male), their ages ranging from 37 to 59 years. All of them received first line TB therapy. They were consulted at Pasture Center during Septem
... Show MoreFive isolates of Gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Psuedomonas auroginosa, proteus mirabilis and two strains of E.coli) were in quested for the ability of bearing silver nanoparticles by using LB medium, all the isolates of bacteria were buttered brown color just as soon as mixed the supernatant of bacterial culture with AgNO3 solution, that refered the biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). UV–visible spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were utilized for estimation of (Ag NPs). The five isolates of bacteria were tendered to produce spontaneous mutants by using different kinds of antibiotics, Ampicillin put to use for making mutant in E.coli and Proteus mirabillis, while Pseudom
... Show MoreThe technology of subsurface soil water retention (SWRT) uses a polyethylene trough that is fixed under the root zone of the plant. It is a modern technology to increase the values of water use efficiency, plant productivity and saving irrigation water by applying as little irrigation water as possible. This study work aims at improving the crop yield and water use efficiency of a cucumber plant with less applied irrigation water by installing membrane trough below the soil surface. The field experiment was conducted in the Hawr Rajab District of Baghdad Governorate in Winter 2018 for testing various trickle irrigation systems. Two agricultural treatment plots were utilized in a greenhouse for the compa
... Show MoreThis study conducted an analytical investigation on the behavior of concrete beams with openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. In this study, five proposed beams reinforced by GFRP bars as flexural and shear reinforcement with openings were numerically examined. The variables were the opening orientation (vertical and horizontal) and the number of openings. These openings were located within the flexural zone of the proposed beams. The result shows that the vertical openings had a significant effect over the horizontal openings on reducing the ultimate load and increasing the mid-span deflection compared with the control beam. Moreover, the results showed t
This research is devoted to investigating the thermal buckling analysis behaviour of laminated composite plates subjected to uniform and non-uniform temperature fields by applying an analytical model based on a refined plate theory (RPT) with five unknown independent variables. The theory accounts for the parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains through the plate thickness and satisfies the zero-traction boundary condition on the surface without using shear correction factors; hence a shear correction factor is not required. The governing differential equations and associated boundary conditions are derived by using the virtual work principle and solved via Navier-type analytical procedure to obtain critica
... Show MoreIn order to get advanced results, we must stand at the pointsthat have been observed by the trainers that are of significance inthe sport of fencing and concern for capacity optical (traceoptical and precision visual animation), so we must learn some ofthese types of capacity, whichever is more influential in the gamefencing so that they add a new axis to the player to pick andchoose in order to achieve the desired goal and raise the level ofthe game.The study aimed to identify the relationship between the visualtracking and accuracy of visual animated face and the results ofcompetitions Sabre of the other.Used a much more descriptive approach to study relational on asample of players clubs Sabre and the way intentional, whoqualified to the
... Show MoreAutorías: Muwafaq Obayes Khudhair, Hayder Talib Jasim, Ahmed Thare Hani. Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. Nº. 6, 2022. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.