Objective(s): The present study aims at assessing the prevalence of smoking among health workers in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and to find out the effectiveness of instructional booklet concerning risk of smoking on health workers′ knowledge in hospital.
Methodology: A pre-experimental design study was conducted from 1st of October 2019 to 17th of March 2020. A non-probability sample consists of (500) participant (343 non-smokers and 157 smokers) from (1500) health workers in Baghdad Teaching Hospital, they included the physicians, nurses, pharmacists, physiotherapists, Laboratory Technicians, Medical Assistants. A questionnaire is constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of instructional booklet on health workers’ knowledge about risks of smoking which consists of (33) items. Reliability of the questionnaire is determined through the use of internal consistency reliability and the computation of Cronbach Alpha Correlation Coefficient which is equal to (0.905) and the content validity of the questionnaire is determined through a panel of experts.
Results: The results of the study show that there is improvement of smokers’ knowledge concerning the effect of smoking on personal health status which is (50.9%), high percent of them not have enough knowledge at pretest while the improved their knowledge at posttest to (81.6%), and their knowledge about risk of smoking on hospital environment is improved from (51.6%) at pretest to (86.38%) at posttest, and there is a highly significant between the effectiveness of the instructional booklet and health workers’ knowledge about the risk of smoking on personal health at P ≤ 0.05 level.
Recommendations: The study recommends that extensive and comprehensive studies, at the national level, could be conducted to improve the knowledge of health workers regarding the risks of smoking to human health and environment, and work to apply the penal code to the smokers inside hospitals and health institutions.
مقدمة introduction تُعد تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي قاطرة الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، إذ تجاوزت حدود البرمجة التقليدية إلى التعلم العميق الذي مكّن الآلات من تنفيذ مهام بشرية معقدة، مثل تحليل الصور، ومعالجة اللغات الطبيعية، وإنتاج محتوى إبداعي. فأصبحت التطبيقات تعتمد على الذكاء الاصطناعي في جميع القطاعات، من الرعاية الصحية إلى التعليم، ومن الأمن إلى الفنون. ومع ذلك، مثلما أن كل تقدم يحمل في طياته إمكانات هائلة، فإنه يج
... Show Moreيتناول هذا البحث موقف ( صحيفة الاهرام) المصرية من تطورات الصراع في جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية خلال الفترة (1964 -1965) وهي مرحلة اتسمت باحتدام الازمات السياسية والنزاعات الداخلية في الكونغو مع زيادة التدخل الاجنبي في شؤون البلاد المتمثل بالولايات المتحدة الامريكية وبلجيكا وعلى هذا الاساس تم اختيار موضوع البحث والذي حددت بدايته بالتزامن مع عودة مويس تشومبي الى السلطة ، وما رافقها من صراعات وتمردات في الاقاليم
... Show MoreRationing is a commonly used solution for shortages of resources and goods that are vital for the citizens of a country. This paper identifies some common approaches and policies used in rationing as well asrisks that associated to suggesta system for rationing fuelwhichcan work efficiently. Subsequently, addressing all possible security risks and their solutions. The system should theoretically be applicable in emergency situations, requiring less than three months to implement at a low cost and minimal changes to infrastructure.
The coefficient of performance of a window type Air-Conditioner system can be improved if a reduction in the work of compressor can be achieved by a suitable technique. The present study investigates the effect of dispersing a low concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in the mineral oil based lubricant, as well as on the overall performance of a window type Air-Conditioner system using R22 as the working fluid. An enhancement in the COP of the refrigeration system has been observed and the existence of an optimum volume fraction noticed, with low concentrations of nanoparticles suspended in the mineral oil. Results showed that the average compressor work reduced by 13.3%, which ultimately resulted in an increase of 11.99% in the COP due to
... Show More
(4)
ان تاريخ الحركة الاولمبية في العراق تاريخ غني لا يعكس اهتمام الحكومات والمجتمع العراقي بالرياضة فحسب بل يعكس الظروف الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والعلاقات الدولية ويسلط الضوء على تقاطع الرياضة والسياسة وتأثير الاحداث العالمية على التنمية الرياضية المحلية، لذا فان توفير رؤية قيمة عن واقع المشاركات والنتائج التي حققها العراق في الدورات الأولمبية للمدة قيد الدراسة يساعد في تقديم فهم اوسع واكثر شمولية لم
... Show More
Day after day, Morsek literature 879-1018/1492-1609proves the completion of all literary branches starting from poetry with its different purposes to include prose with its various subjects. In 2016, a complete text of ‘the literature of Morsek journey
Day after day, Morsek literature 879-1018/1492-1609proves the completion of all literary branches starting from poetry with its different purposes to include prose with its various subjects. In 2016, a complete text of ‘the literature of Morsek journeys
لما كانت الوظيفة الأساسية للغة هي الوظيفة التواصلية ، أو التبادل الكلامي بين المخاطب والمستمع ، فكان لا بد لهذه الوظيفة من آليات – لغوية وبلاغية – يستعملها المتكلم أو المرسل للخطاب الأدبي لتوجيه ذهن السامع أو المخاطب نحو ما يطرحه من أفكار ، ورؤى ، واقناعه عن طريق التواصل ، بمضمون الخطاب واستلزام سرعة الانجاز ، وتأسيساً على ذلك جاء هذا البحث لبيان هذه الآليات في الخطاب القرآني متمثلاً في سور الطور
... Show More