Objective: To find out the relationship between the bio-social aspect with cholelithiasis patients and
demographic characteristics in Baghdad city.
Methodology: A purposive (non-probability) sample of (100) patients, from (20-70) years old, who were
selected from patients who were admitted to hospital at preoperative stage, from Gastroenterology and
Hepatology Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital, Al-Karama Teaching
Hospital, Teaching Hospital. A descriptive study was carried out from 25th of June 2004 to the end of October
2004.
An assessment form was constructed for the purpose of the study. Test-retest reliability was employed through
computation of Pearson correlation coefficient. Content validity of the assessment form was determined through
a panel of experts. Data were collected with interview technique.
Data were analyzed through descriptive statistical approach (frequency and percentage) and inferential
statistical approach (chi-square and correlation coefficient).
Results: The study indicated that the mean of age was (52.6) year. The majority of them were females who fair;
multiparty lived in urban, obesity, illiterate, low socio-economic status.
The result of the study confirmed that the bio-social aspect had an effect on the incidence of cholelithiasis.
Recommendations: The study recommended that the number of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital
should be increased in Iraq because; some of the patients come to Baghdad to treatment.
Patients with positive family history for cholelithiasis must be educated and informed about [diet and fluid,
which are related to gallstones, exercise, Regular follow-up include, (routine X-ray, ultra-sound general
laboratory investigations), drugs use and side effect].
The aim of the current research is to explore the health, psychological, and social implications of Internet addiction. Internet addiction is a new type of addiction, which negatively affects an individual’s life and creates social problems, psychological and nervous disorders. The research is divided into three sections: The first section is devoted to the definition of the research and includes the research problem, its importance in addition to the objectives, and the search terms were defined in it. The second section included the concept of addiction on the Internet and the causes, symptoms of addiction, forms, and previous studies were reviewed. As for the third topic, it deals with the theories explaining Internet addiction and
... Show MoreThe current study suggested a thermal treatment as a necessary proactive step in improving the adsorption capacity of bio-waste for contaminants removal in wastewater. This approach was based on the experimental and histological investigation of biowaste pods shell. This investigation showed that these shells compose of parenchyma cells that store secondary metabolites compounds produced from cells were exhibited in present study. The results also reported that these compounds are extracted directly from the cells as soon as they are exposed to an aqueous solution, hampering their use as an adsorbent material. The increase in the weight of bio-waste adsorbent at unit liquid volume increases the production of secondary metabolites compounds
... Show MoreWith the growing number of Internet users, public and private arts activities have become increasingly popular. Adolescents have begun to establish aesthetic taste and new cultural values. This category is the most affected one by the published images and ideas especially in the social networking space and specifically the Facebook. It is the most important problem in their cultural composition. This research aims to detect the problems of social networking sites in nurturing the aesthetic taste of adolescents. The researcher used the analytical descriptive approach to obtain accurate information describing the current situation or depicting the social reality of adolescents. The research concluded that the public discourse in social med
... Show MoreThe study aimed to identify the perceptions of social studies teachers in the Governorate of Muscat about the importance of employing the skills of the twenty-first century in teaching. The study employed a qualitative approach. The two researchers used an analytical approach based on the Grounded Theory, the data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with (15) male and female teachers. The results indicated that social studies teachers relate the twenty-first-century skills more to improving students’ achievement level in the subject, while they see that these skills have less influence in developing students’ communication skills and cooperation with their peers. In light of the results of the study, the two researchers r
... Show MoreBACKGROUND: Mental health problems are reflected and linked to human behavior in many aspects. Medical students are susceptible to a wide variety of events that compromise their mental well-being, social life as well as their academic achievements. AIM: This study aimed to find the impact of social support on medical students’ behavior in Iraq via assessing their depression, anxiety, and stress status. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey-based study targeted all medical students in Iraq. The employed questionnaires covered mental health status of participants by evaluating their perceptions of depression, anxiety, and stress using. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System. RESULTS: The study revealed a signifi
... Show MoreIntroduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus patients almost always struggle with a metabolic condition known as chronic hyperglycemia. According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis is a progressive systemic skeletal disorder that is characterized by decreasing bone mass and microstructural breakdown of bone tissue that increases susceptibility to fracture and increased risk of breaking a bone. Here, we aimed to compare the levels of CatK and total oxidative state in patients with diabetes and osteoporosis among the female Iraqi population and study the possible relationship between them. Materials and Methods: This study included 40 females with diabetes (Group G1), 40 with diabetes and osteoporosis (Group G2) and 40 normal healthy f
... Show MoreIntroduction: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a common protozoan disease in Iraq characterized by localized ulcers, primarily on exposed skin. This study aimed to investigate the hematological parameters of infected patients using a complete blood count (CBC) in the endemic area of Diyala Governorate, northeast of Baghdad. This has been studied in newly diagnosed, untreated individuals and patients receiving sodium antimony gluconate. Methodology: Hematological screening was performed on blood samples from 161 patients with microscopically diagnosed cutaneous leishmaniasis before and after treatment. Anti-Leishmania IgG was also assessed by ELISA in seropositive and seronegative subjects. Results: The newly diagnosed, untreated pati
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