Objective(s): To evaluate of nurses practice toward orthopaedic wound infection and to determine the
relationship between orthopaedic nurses practice and their demographic data characteristic
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at orthopaedic wards of Baghdad Teaching Hospital started
from February 1
st, 2011 to August 30th, 2011. A non-probability sample of (39) orthopaedic nurses who were
working in orthopaedic wards were selected from Baghdad Teaching Hospital. The data were collected through
the use of questionnaire , which consists of two parts (1)Demographic data form that consists of a(10) items
and (2) orthopaedic nurses practice form that consists of (4)sections contain (69) items, by mean of direct
observe technique with orthopaedic nurses. The validity of the questionnaire was determined through
presenting it to (20) specialist expert and its reliability were determined through a pilot study which was
carried out through the period from April 1st, 2011 to June 15th, 2011. Descriptive statistical analysis
procedures (frequency, percentage, mean of score) and inferential analysis procedures (person correlation
coefficient, contingency coefficient) were used for the data analysis.
Results: The findings of the study indicated that the orthopaedic nurses have inadequate or deficit in some
aspects relative to wound infection in orthopaedic wards. No significant relationship was found between
orthopaedic nurses practice and their gender, years of employment in nursing field, years of experience in
orthopaedic wards and duration of the training session, while a significant relationship was found between
orthopaedic nurses practice and their age, marital status, level of education, sharing in training session and the
number of training session that orthopaedic nurses were engaged it.
Recommendations: The researcher recommend that special training session , concerning wound infection and
standards orthopaedic nurses practice toward wound infection control that should be followed in orthopaedic
wards ,and booklets should be designed and presented all orthopaedic nurses, in addition to make a new study
that can evaluate orthopaedic nurses knowledge concerning wound infection control in orthopaedic wards.
The aim of this research was to indicate the opinion of the Iraqi consumer awareness of the risks associated with consuming canned food, the questionnaire was included 20 questions for label information, consumer culture, shopping, marketing, awareness and knowledge as a tool to survey the opinions of 300 consumers in Baghdad, the data was analyzed by using percentage, weighted mean, and weight percent, the results obtained showed that the Iraqi consumer need more information, training and guidance programs in food safety handling issue for canned food, especially in analysis of label information and growing of consumer culture for shopping, right marketing, awareness and knowledge.
The study deals with China's soft power and diplomacy in the Middle East, and it focuses specifically on the tools and foundations of China's soft diplomacy and how it achieves its goals in the region in addition to its challenges in the region. In this regard, the study also focuses on the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and its soft foundations and how they serve China’s diplomacy and soft power in the region. The study ends with a set of conclusions, perhaps the most prominent of which is that diplomacy and soft power have become a fundamental pillar of China's foreign policy to achieve its foreign goals and to establish an international system compatible with China's principles. As for the Middle East, China has established a poli
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Steps were taken to obtain the Kojic acid crystals from local fungal isolation A. flavus WJF81 by separating the fermentation products from the fungus mycelium from the production plant at the centrifuge at a speed of 5000 cycles for 10 minutes. The extraction was followed by ethyl acetate then supernatant concentrate by using rotary evaporator, and dried with heat oven 37ºC. Long, yellowish, pristine acid crystals were obtained that examined the optical microscope with a magnification force of 10x and 40x. The melting point of kojic acid was determined between 152.9-153.5 °C Results of the diagnosis of Kojic acid by applying High pressure liquid chromatography HPLC technique showed that the acid was at one peak, which was close to the
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As for the second
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