The Central Marshes are one of southern Iraq's most important wetlands and ecosystems. A study on evaluating soil quality and water quality in terms of chemical properties at certain sites in the southern Iraqi Central Marshes has been conducted to investigate their types and suitability for enhancing the agricultural reality of most field crops. Soil and water samples were collected from 15 sites and transferred to the laboratory. In the lab, the following parameters were determined: electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), organic materials (OM), pH, gypsum, and total sulfate content (SO₃). The tests conducted on the samples indicated that it could be said that the soil of the Central Marshes

The interaction of charged particles with the chemical elements involved in the synthesis of human tissues is one of the modern techniques in radiation therapy. One of these charged particles are alpha particles, where recent studies have confirmed their ability to generate radiation in a highly toxic localized manner because of its high ionization and short its range. In this work, We focused our study on the interaction of alpha particles with liquid water; since the water represents over 80% of the most-soft tissues, as well as, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen ,because they are key chemical elements involved in the synthesis of most human tissues. The mass stopping powers of alpha particle with HଶO , COଶ, Oଶ, Hଶ and Nଶhave

Strategic decision making is considered one of the important processes for senior management in contemporary business organizations and service organizations due to the properties of the service such as intangibility, concomitance and mortality. Decision-making has three approaches according to the opinions of most of the writers and researchers in the administrative area: an analytical approach, intuitive approach and behavioral approach. This research is trying to discover the nature of the relationship in terms of the link between the impact of each of these approaches and efficiency of marketing services by selecting an intentional sample of 58 researches from the Directorate General of Traffic, one of the Iraqi Interior Ministry ins

Smart water flooding (low salinity water flooding) was mainly invested in a sandstone reservoir. The main reasons for using low salinity water flooding are; to improve oil recovery and to give a support for the reservoir pressure.

In this study, two core plugs of sandstone were used with different permeability from south of Iraq to explain the effect of water injection with different ions concentration on the oil recovery. Water types that have been used are formation water, seawater, modified low salinity water, and deionized water.

The effects of water salinity, the flow rate of water injected, and the permeability of core plugs have been studied in order to summarize the best conditions of low salinity

Mandali Basin is located between latitudes (33◦ 39' 00" and 33^◦
54' 55") to the north and longitudes (45ο 11' 00" and 45ο 40' 00") to the
east; to the east of Diyala province at the Iraqi-Iranian border; the
basin area is approximately 491 km².
From the study of climate reality of the basin between 1990-
2013and assessment of the basic climate transactions, it was found
that the annual rate of rainfall is 253.02 mm, the relative humidity
(44.4%), the temperature (21.3 ◦C), wind speed (2.08 m /sec.),
sunshine (8.27 h/day) and evaporation of the basin class (a) (271.98
mm) and corrected potential evapotranspiration (80.03 mm). The
results of the data analysis show that, there are

This study investigated the application of the crystallization process for oilfield produced water from the East Baghdad oilfield affiliated to the Midland Oil Company (Iraq). Zero liquid discharge system (ZLD) consists of several parts such as oil skimming, coagulation/flocculation, forward osmosis, and crystallization, the crystallization process is a final part of a zero liquid discharge system. The laboratory-scale simple evaporation system was used to evaluate the performance of the crystallization process. In this work, sodium chloride solution and East Baghdad oilfield produced water were used as a feed solution with a concentration of 177 and 220 g/l. The impact of temperature (70, 80, and 90 °C), mixing speed (300, 400, and 500

The apricot plant was washed, dried, and powdered after harvesting to produce a fine powder that was used in water treatment. created an alcoholic extract from the apricot plant using ethanol, which was then analysed using GC-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy to identify the active components. Zinc nanoparticles were created using an alcoholic extract. FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM, EDX, and TEM are used to characterize zinc nanoparticles. Using a continuous processing procedure, zinc nanoparticles with apricot extract and powder were employed to clean polluted water. Firstly, 2 g of zinc nanoparticles were used with 20 ml of polluted water, and the results were Tetra 44% and Levo 32%; after

A novel series of liquid crystalline compounds containing 2,4-thiazolidinedione units with varying terminal alkyl chain lengths was successfully synthesized and characterized. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and mass spectrometry. The mesomorphic behavior was investigated using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Compounds [V]₄, [V]₅, and [V]₆ exhibited enantiotropic nematic phases, while compound [V]₈ displayed a smectic A (SmA) phase. No liquid crystalline behavior was observed for compound [V]₃. The liquid crystalline properties were found to depend on the terminal-to-lateral chain length ratio, molecular geometry, and the nature

All new compounds synthesized by many reactions starting from a product the compounds [I]a,b from reaction of 3-phenylenediamine or 4-phenylenediamine with chloroacetyl chloride, then the compounds [I]a,b reacted with potassium thiocyanate to yield compounds [II]a,b. While the compounds[III]a,b yield from reacted the compounds [I]a,b with sodium azide then the compounds [III]a,b reacted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with acrylic acid to give compounds [IV]a,b and the later compounds reacted with phenylene diamine to product benzimidazole compounds [V]a,b . In addition to synthesized acid chloride compounds [VI]a,b by reacted the compounds [IV]a,b with thionyl chloride .Finally reacted the compounds [VI]a,b with different aromatic amine