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Effect of thickness on the optical properties of ZnO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD)
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Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films of different thickness were prepared
on ultrasonically cleaned corning glass substrate, by pulsed laser
deposition technique (PLD) at room temperature. Since most
application of ZnO thin film are certainly related to its optical
properties, so the optical properties of ZnO thin film in the
wavelength range (300-1100) nm were studied, it was observed that
all ZnO films have high transmittance (˃ 80 %) in the wavelength
region (400-1100) nm and it increase as the film thickness increase,
using the optical transmittance to calculate optical energy gap (Eg
opt)
show that (Eg
opt) of a direct allowed transition and its value nearly
constant (~ 3.2 eV) for all film thickness (150, 180, 210, and 240)
nm, so Zn0 thin films were used as a transparent conducting oxide
(TCO) in various optoelectronic application such as a window in a
thin film solar cells.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 19 2025
Journal Name
Lecture Notes In Networks And Systems
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Tools in Enhancing Training of Trainers (ToT) Programs: Modern Approaches and Practical Applications
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 20 2024
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF EIMERIA SCHNEIDER, 1875 SPECIES (APICOMPLEXA, EIMERIIDAE) FROM GOATS IN WASIT PROVINCE, IRAQ
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Eimeriosis is a major problem affecting ruminants worldwide. The disease is primarily caused by Eimeria species, which are specialized for each host and grow in the small and large intestine of animals. The losses due to subclinical infections (especially weight loss) and clinical disease (diarrhea) make the species of this genus a very significant economic concern. Therefore, this study was conducted in some areas of Wasit Province. A total of 180 fecal samples from goats, of both sexes and covering different age groups and months, were collected. All fecal samples were examined microscopically, and 75 positive fecal samples were taken for molecular examination and further analyzed using conventional PCR, sequencing and phylogeneti

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 22 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Petroleum Exploration And Production Technology
Flow units and rock type for reservoir characterization in carbonate reservoir: case study, south of Iraq
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Abstract<p>The current work is focused on the rock typing and flow unit classification for reservoir characterization in carbonate reservoir, a Yamama Reservoir in south of Iraq (Ratawi Field) has been selected, and the study is depending on the logs and cores data from five wells which penetrate Yamama formation. Yamama Reservoir was divided into twenty flow units and rock types, depending on the Microfacies and Electrofacies Character, the well logs pattern, Porosity–Water saturation relationship, flow zone indicator (FZI) method, capillary pressure analysis, and Porosity–Permeability relationship (R35) and cluster analysis method. Four rock types and groups have been identified in the Yamama formation de</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Sustainable Urban Distribution of Educational Institutions and Population Density in Baghdad City Using Remote Sensing Techniques
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Abstract<p>Urban planning include the creation of strategies as well as the management of metro regions, municipalities, and cities. In this study, the importance of applications of remote sensing and GIS in urban planning will be studied. The distribution of educational destitution cases in cities will be considered. A study area (Baghdad city) will be adopted, and the spatial analysis of the distribution will be according to population densities. In this study, the focus was on the importance of the sustainable distribution of urban educational institutions and the spatial appropriateness of this distribution according to the study areas and the available information. Distribution maps were pr</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Bridge Engineering
Torsional Analysis of Multicell Concrete Box Girders Strengthened with CFRP Using a Modified Softened Truss Model
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Semiotics of Visual Composition in Iraqi Contemporary Theatrical Show: اسيل ليث احمد-عبد الرحمن داخل احمد
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The theatrical field has witnessed a huge development that included the semantic and formal sides, considering that the theatrical experience has gone through a long period of description and the dominance of literature and linguistics, thus the theatrical experience has been open to many workings and uses of high quality in forming and composing the visual system. The semiotics had a role in presenting transformed sign forms and features generated in the theatrical space. Thus (costumes, décor, makeup, lighting, and actor) are considered elements with sign forms and attributes that together constitute integrated semiotic unit that include all the layouts in the scenographic space. The two researchers determined on semiotics due to its

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 03 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge Towards Child with Bacterial Meningitis at Pediatric Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad City
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Objective: the aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and practices for nurses that working in
words of Ibn Al-kuff hospital for spinal cord injuries.
Methodology: descriptive study from the period of (1st of July to the 30th August 2005) about the
knowledge and practical management when autonomic dysreflexia syndrome affects those patients
whom sleeping in the words of this hospital and its relationship with some variables.
The sample of the study consists of (100) nurses male and females are selected purposively. a
questionnaire check list was designed for study purpose and applied by (test - retest) to improve the
reliability, the validity of the assessment was determined through a panel of experts.
The da

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences &amp; Humanities
Sarah Orne Jewett As a Precursor of Ecoconscious Children Fiction: “A White heron” As an Example
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Nearly a century and a half has passed since Sarah Orne Jewett published her much anthologized short story “A White Heron” (1886), but commentators on the tale missed one of the most important points in the text. It is the story’s similarity to the traditional Euro-centric fairy tale of “Little Red Riding Hood”. As an author, writing at the end of the ninetieth century, a time that witnessed the demise of the Romantic movement in America and the beginning of the age of Realism, Jewett did not romanticize her characters, despite the idyllic landscape in which “A White Heron” is set. Her story can be analyzed as a text that aims at disseminating ecological awareness among her young readers. This study focuses on Jewett

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF MODERATE THICK LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES UNDER STATIC CONSTRAINTS USING REAL CODING GENETIC ALGORITHM
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The objective of the current research is to find an optimum design of hybrid laminated moderate thick composite plates with static constraint. The stacking sequence and ply angle is required for optimization to achieve minimum deflection for hybrid laminated composite plates consist of glass and carbon long fibers reinforcements that impeded in epoxy matrix with known plates dimension and loading. The analysis of plate is by adopting the first-order shear deformation theory and using Navier's solution with Genetic Algorithm to approach the current objective. A program written with MATLAB to find best stacking sequence and ply angles that give minimum deflection, and the results comparing with ANSYS.

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Electric Power Systems Research
Analytical and measurement-based wideband two-port modeling of DC-DC converters for electromagnetic transient studies
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Power-electronic converters are essential elements for the effective interconnection of renewable energy sources to the power grid, as well as to include energy storage units, vehicle charging stations, microgrids, etc. Converter models that provide an accurate representation of their wideband operation and interconnection with other active and passive grid components and systems are necessary for reliable steady state and transient analyses during normal or abnormal grid operating conditions. This paper introduces two Laplace domain-based approaches to model buck and boost DC-DC converters for electromagnetic transient studies. The first approach is an analytical one, where the converter is represented by a two-port admittance model via mo

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