This research presents a new study in kinetics under reactive distillation by using consecutive two – step reaction : the saponification reaction of diethyl adipate with sodium hydroxide solution . The distillation process takes the role of withdrawing the intermediate product (sodium monoethyladipate SMA) which otherwise converts to the final product of low purity.The effect of three parameters were studied through a design of experiments applying 2³ factorial design. These parameters were : the mole ratio of DA to NaOH solution (0.1 and 1) , NaOH solution concentration (3 N and 8 N) , and batch time (1.5 hr. and 3.5 hr.) . The conversion of DA to sodium monoethyladipate(SMA)(intermediate product) was the effect of these pa

      The Mannich reaction is one of the most important types of organic chemistry fundamental reactions. It is a crucial stage in the production of various medicines, natural goods, and industrial chemicals. Chemists' imaginations have always been piqued because of this. In general, the Mannich reactions can be used as part of a tandem reaction sequence to produce complex target molecules in an elegant and often easy manner. The following article examines and summarizes methods for synthesizing Mannich derivatives, in addition to offering a survey of recent advancements in several fields’ applications of the Mannich reaction, such as biological applications, antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, anti-inflammation and

In the context of normed space, Banach's fixed point theorem for mapping is studied in this paper. This idea is generalized in Banach's classical fixed-point theory. Fixed point theory explains many situations where maps provide great answers through an amazing combination of mathematical analysis. Picard- Lendell's theorem, Picard's theorem, implicit function theorem, and other results are created by other mathematicians later using this fixed-point theorem. We have come up with ideas that Banach's theorem can be used to easily deduce many well-known fixed-point theorems. Extending the Banach contraction principle to include metric space with modular spaces has been included in some recent research, the aim of study proves some pro

The change in the optical band gap and optical activation energy have been investigated for pure Poly (vinyl alcohol)and Poly (vinyl alcohol) doped with Aluminum sulphate to proper films from their optical absorption spectra. The absorption spectra were measured in the wave range from (200-700) nm at temperature range (25-140) 0C. The optical band gap (Eg) for allowed direct transition decrease with increase the concentration of Aluminum sulphate. The optical activation energy for allowed direct transition band gap was evaluated using Urbach- edges method. It was found that ?E increases with increasing the concentration of Al2 (SO4)3 and decreases when temperature increases.

In this work, the adsorption of reactive yellow dye (Remazol yellow FG dye) by granular activated carbon (GAC) was investigated using batch and continuous process. The batch process involved determination the equilibrium isotherm curve either favorable or unfavorable by estimation relation between adsorption capacity and concentration of dye at different dosage of activated carbon. The results were fitted with equilibrium isotherm models Langmuir and Freundlich models with R2value (>0.97). Batch Kinetic study showed good fitting with pseudo second order model with R2 (0.987) at contact time 5 h. which provesthat the adsorption is chemisorptions nature. Continuous study was done by fixed bed column where breakthrough time was increased

Objective : To study the effect of some risk factors like age, smoking and Diabetes mellitus (DM) among patients with
certain cardiovascular diseases (Angina pectoris and Myocardial infarction), in addition to the assessment of the Creactive
protein (CRP) in the sera of those patients.
Methodology: The study was carried out on (100) subjects who were hospitalized in the Iraqi Center of heart Diseases
in Baghdad city and were suffering from Myocardial InfarcƟon (MI) (16) and Angina Pectoris (AP) (79) or from both (5)
over a period from September 2009 to June 2010. The results of paƟents were compared with those of (30) healthy
and age-matched individuals as a control group. Data were obtained from patients who were alr

E-learning applications according to the levels of enlightenment (STEM Literacy) for physics teachers in the secondary stage. The sample consists of (400) teachers, at a rate of (200) males (50%), and (200)females (50%), distributed over (6) directorates of education in Baghdad governorate on both sides of Rusafa and Karkh. To verify the research goals, the researcher built a scale of e-learning applications according to the levels of STEM Literacy, which consists of (50) items distributed over (5) levels. The face validity of the scale and its stability were verified by extracting the stability coefficient through the internal consistency method “Alf-Cronbach”. The following statistical means were used: Pearson correlation coefficient,

One of the unique properties of laser heating applications is its powerful ability for precise pouring of energy on the needed regions in heat treatment applications. The rapid rise in temperature at the irradiated region produces a high temperature gradient, which contributes in phase metallurgical changes, inside the volume of the irradiated material. This article presents a comprehensive numerical work for a model based on experimentally laser heated AISI 1110 steel samples. The numerical investigation is based on the finite element method (FEM) taking in consideration the temperature dependent material properties to predict the temperature distribution within the irradiated material volume. The finite element analysis (FEA) was carried

• Islamic art is applied art that searches for everything that is useful and beneficial and Both are properties of Islamic art. Islamic art has many well-established elements and styles and pictures that distinguish it from the rest of the arts among those elements and methods that were used in the architectural cladding artwork Or mosaic murals and mosaic was known in its first form in Babylon in a primitive style similar to it, but the Muslim artist in the era of the Caliphs made the art of mosaic In mosques and palaces.
  Chapter one: This chapter is concerned with introducing the art of mosaic historically and focusing on it.
  Chapter Two: This chapter deals with contemporary Islamic mosaics, especially in Mecca

Non-biodegradability of rubber tires contributes to pollution and fire hazards in the natural environment. In this study, the flexural behavior of the Rubberized Reactive Powder Concrete (RRPC) beams that contained various proportions and sizes of scrap tire rubber was investigated and compared to the flexural behavior of the regular RPC. Fresh properties, hardened properties, load-deflection relation, first crack load, ultimate load, and crack width are studied and analyzed. Mixes were made using micro steel fiber of the straight type, and they had an aspect ratio of 65. Thirteen beams were tested under two loading points (Repeated loading) with small-scale beams (1100 mm, 150 mm, 100 mm) size.

The fine aggregate