The present work provides theoretical investigation of laser photoacoustic one dimensional imaging to detect a blood vessel or tumor embedded within normal tissue. The key task in photoacoustic imaging is to have acoustic signal that help to determine the size and location of the target object inside normal tissue. The analytical simulation used a spherical wave model representing target object (blood vessel or tumor) inside normal tissue. A computer program in MATLAB environment has been written to realize this simulation. This model generates time resolved acoustic wave signal that include both expansion and contraction parts of the wave. The photoacoustic signal from the target object is simulated for a range of laser pulse duration 10ns-10μs emitted from Nd:YAG laser, depth of target object 0.3-3 cm, distance from the object to the detector 0.7-3 cm and the diameter of target object 0.1-0.6 cm. The diameter of the object computed by the simulation is always being 75% of its value. The amplitude of the signal is directly proportional with the laser pulse energy and inversely proportional with the depth of target object and the distance from the object to the detector. The PA signal is fully generated in Nano second laser pulse duration range as it is short enough to fulfill the stress confinement condition.
Parasitic diseases including amoebiasis, blastocystosis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and schistosomiasis, are all globally wide spread with harmful consequences. The present study was carried out to provide information of the prevalence of these diseases in some regions of Baghdad. Objectives: to detect the prevalence of human pathogenic parasites in some regions of Baghdad in stool samples and urine samples, and to determine the most common age group affected. Methods: Data were collected from Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and Medical City Teaching Hospital, in the lab of parasitology from November 2018 to May 2019. The present study included (400) sample, which were collected from patients at different ages of both genders, samples of the st
... Show MoreElectronic spectra and kinetic studies of the hydrolysis of trans complexes where fernet acidic media,where carried out fairly
Many studies have focused on identifying and classifying freshwater fishes in Iraq, concerned with describing, organizing, and drawing up a list of freshwater fishes in Iraq or the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Within the most recent updates at the beginning of 2023, 53 native freshwater and 20 exotic (alien or introduced) fish species are recorded and described. This study reviewed the database of morphology and molecular studies of freshwater fish in Iraq and reported species while surveying the fish fauna at different water bodies of the country from 2010 to the beginning of 2023. In conclusion, 29 species (about 40.3%) of all 72 fish species in Iraq still need to be available information on their molecular data.
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The process of discovering pharmaceuticals is of great importance in our contemporary life, in a way that without life becomes almost impossible, as this process is the first building block in the field of pharmaceutical industries to search for new methods and means of treatment and treatment. This process results in the commitment of the discoverer to a set of obligations in the face of the volunteer. This responsibility or negation of intentional infliction of damage by means of what is known in the law as methods of paying liability
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The present study refers to a ready-made three components epoxy based paint made by the Modern Paints Industries Company (Al-Za'farania, Baghdad) subjected to several tests in order to improve its specifications by optimizing the application conditions. The paint components are under the trade names: Resin (D-5547), Hardener (H-1457) and Thinner (P-851). The paint is used for painting drinking water reservoirs from inside.
A flexible pavement structure usually comprises more than one asphalt layer, with varying thicknesses and properties, in order to carry the traffic smoothly and safely. It is easy to characterize each asphalt layer with different tests to give a full description of that layer; however, the performance of the whole; asphalt structure needs to be properly understood. Typically, pavement analysis is carried out using multi-layer linear elastic assumptions, via equations and computer programs such as KENPAVE, BISAR, etc. These types of analysis give the response parameters including stress, strain, and deflection at any point under the wheel load. This paper aims to estimate the equivalent Resilient Modulus (MR) of the asphalt concrete
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The local asphalt concrete fracture properties represented by the fracture energy, J-integral, and stress intensity factor are calculated from the results of the three point bending beam test made for pre notches beams specimens with deformation rate of 1.27 mm/min. The results revealed that the stress intensity factor has increased by more than 40% when decreasing the testing temperature 10˚C and increasing the notch depth from 5 to 30mm. The change of asphalt type and content have a limited effect of less than 6%.
Flutter is a phenomenon resulting from the interaction between aerodynamic and structural dynamic forces and may lead to a destructive instability. The aerodynamic forces on an oscillating airfoil combination of two independent degrees of freedom have been determined. The problem resolves itself into the solution of certain definite integrals, which have been identified as Theodorsen functions. The theory, being based on potential flow and the Kutta condition, is fundamentally equivalent to the conventional wing-ection theory relating to the steady case. The mechanism of aerodynamic instability has been analyzed in detail. An exact solution, involving potential flow and the adoption of the Kutta condition, has been analyzed in detail. Th
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