Hemorrhoids are one of the most common surgical conditions. The hemorrhoid may cause symptoms that are: bleeding, pain, prolapse, itching, spoilage of feces, and psychologic discomfort. There are many methods for treatment of hemorrhoid like, medical therapy, rubber band ligation, electerocoagulation, stapled hemorrhoidpexy, photocoagulation, sclerothereapy, doppler guided artery ligation, Cryosurgery, and surgery. All methods for treatment of hemorrhoids have advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Conventional haemorrhoidectomy was the traditional operation for the treatment of hemorrhoids. But recently other modalities of treatment had been used as an alternative operations including CO2 laser haemorrhoidectomy. This work aims to evaluate the efficacy of CO2 laser for treatment of hemorrhoids. This study was carried out on 25 patients complaining from symptomatic hemorrhoids for many years. Laser hemorrhoidectomies were done for them in Baghdad City for a period of one year. There were 19 males (76%) and 6 females (24%) with age range of 25-65 years. The laser used in this procedure is CO2 laser (10600nm) continuous wave mode and non-contact method. Patients were discharged home and were followed for 4 months for healing progress and complications. The following criteria are taken in consideration for assessment: (Pain, Bleeding, Infection, Ambulation, Anal stenosis, Incontinence, Recurrent). All cases were treated as day case. 18 patients (72%) underwent laser hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia while other 7 patients (28%) under general anesthesia. The operative time ranged from 10 to 30 minutes with an average of 22
minutes. The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 3 to 9 hours. Only few of cases showed complication after treatment by CO2 laser. No pain (64%), mild to moderate pain (28%), severe in (8%), Mild Bleeding occurred in 3 cases (12%), infection: only 2 patients (8%), retention of urine: four patients (16 %), mild anal stenosis 3 patients (12 %), Mild temporal incontinence occurred in 2 patients (8%), and recurrence zero. It is concluded that CO2 laser hemorrhoidectomy is a safe and effective procedure associated with low incidence of post-operative complications.
To maintain the security and integrity of data, with the growth of the Internet and the increasing prevalence of transmission channels, it is necessary to strengthen security and develop several algorithms. The substitution scheme is the Playfair cipher. The traditional Playfair scheme uses a small 5*5 matrix containing only uppercase letters, making it vulnerable to hackers and cryptanalysis. In this study, a new encryption and decryption approach is proposed to enhance the resistance of the Playfair cipher. For this purpose, the development of symmetric cryptography based on shared secrets is desired. The proposed Playfair method uses a 5*5 keyword matrix for English and a 6*6 keyword matrix for Arabic to encrypt the alphabets of
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In this paper, we designed a new efficient stream cipher cryptosystem that depend on a chaotic map to encrypt (decrypt) different types of digital images. The designed encryption system passed all basic efficiency criteria (like Randomness, MSE, PSNR, Histogram Analysis, and Key Space) that were applied to the key extracted from the random generator as well as to the digital images after completing the encryption process.
Study of group action of stone columns using FEM
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Critical buckling temperature of laminated plate under thermal load varied linearly along the thickness, is developed using a higher-order shape function which depends on a parameter ‘‘m’’, which is improved to obtain results for thin and thick plates. Laminated plates’ equations of motion are obtained using virtual work principle and solved for simply supported boundary conditions. Angle and cross laminates thermal buckled mode shapes with different E1/E2 proportion, number of plies, (α2/α1) proportion, aspect ratios, are investigated. It is observed that this shape function gives thermal buckling for thin and thick plates but with m = 0.05 that agree well with other theories and linear distribution of temperature giv
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The sensitive and important data are increased in the last decades rapidly, since the tremendous updating of networking infrastructure and communications. to secure this data becomes necessary with increasing volume of it, to satisfy securing for data, using different cipher techniques and methods to ensure goals of security that are integrity, confidentiality, and availability. This paper presented a proposed hybrid text cryptography method to encrypt a sensitive data by using different encryption algorithms such as: Caesar, Vigenère, Affine, and multiplicative. Using this hybrid text cryptography method aims to make the encryption process more secure and effective. The hybrid text cryptography method depends on circular queue. Using circ
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Indirect electrochemical oxidation of phenol and its derivatives was investigated by using MnO2 rotating cylinder electrode. Taguchi experimental design method was employed to find the best conditions for the removal efficiency of phenol and its derivatives generated during the process. Two main parameters were investigated, current density (C.D.) and electrolysis time. The removal efficiency was considered as a response for the phenol and other organics removal. An orthogonal array L16, the signal to noise (S/N) ratio, and the analysis of variance were used to test the effect of designated process factors and their levels on the performance of phenol and other organics removal efficiency. The results showed that th
... Show MoreAbstract: Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is a significant field in computational linguistics as it is indispensable for many language understanding applications. Automatic processing of documents is made difficult because of the fact that many of the terms it contain ambiguous. Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) systems try to solve these ambiguities and find the correct meaning. Genetic algorithms can be active to resolve this problem since they have been effectively applied for many optimization problems. In this paper, genetic algorithms proposed to solve the word sense disambiguation problem that can automatically select the intended meaning of a word in context without any additional resource. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a col
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