One of the most popular causes for implant infection is dental plaque bacteria. Previous studies have shown the bactericidal effect of CO2 laser irradiation on bacteria associated with soft tissue surrounding the implant materials. No published studies have examined the effect of irradiation by CO2 laser on Streptococcus oralis and Staphylococcus aureus.The aim of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal effect of CO2 laser on bacteria that are causing dental implant infections. This study was carried out on two isolates of bacterial species out of 25 samples, isolated from patients having soft tissue infections around the dental implant. These two pure isolates including Streptococcus oralis and Staphylococcus aureus were identified by microscopic examination, culture characteristics ,biochemical tests and API system. Bacterial suspension (10-6 CFU/ml) was irradiated with 10600 nm CO2 laser,CW mode emission using different power densities 500 -3000W/cm2 (500 W/cm2 increment)with different exposure times 10-60s (10 sec.increment for isolate of Streptococcus oralis) and 5-30s (5 sec. increment for isolate of Staphylococcus aureus).After the irradiation, 100μl of bacterial suspension was spread over agar plates and incubated at 37 ºC for 24-48 hrs. under aerobic and anaerobic conditions according to the nature growth of bacteria. Colony forming units (CFUs) were counted and compared with control group then the bactericidal effect of CO2 laser was assessed in relation to the colony forming units of control group.In this study the maximum bactericidal effect of CO2 laser on S.oralis was 100% at 2500W/cm2 with exposure times 50 and 60s, whereas the CO2 laser eliminated 100% of S.aureus at 3000W/cm2 at 25 and 30 s exposure time.The results indicate that irradiation by CO2 laser CW mode emission may be useful in reducing bacterial colony forming units at low (such as 1000 W/cm2) and high power density. Also the results of this study reveal that complete or nearly complete reduction in the bacterial counts may be achieved.
The aim of the study was to study the implications of the strategic direction on organizational performance. The research was carried out in the Iraqi Ministry of Defense / Inspector General's Office for the purpose of identifying the nature of the relationship and the impact between the two variables. A sample of 60 people managers, department managers and directorates was targeted.
The researcher tried to test hypotheses in the first chapter, which was devoted to the methodology of research and previous studies and found the following: (1) validity of the first hypothesis of the existence of a relationship of positive significance of the strategic direction in its sub-dimensions with organizational perf
... Show MoreThe agricultural activity has a great significance in the all four dimensions of sustainable development. Firstly, the economic dimension which it contributes with the GDP, as well as, it is considered as an important source to attract the investment. Secondly, the environmental dimension which also contributes with conserving of the biodiversity, combating the desertification, and increasing the farmlands. Thirdly, for its role in the social dimension to achieve the food security, to eradicate the poverty, and providing jobs. Fourthly, toward the institutional dimension as well it is considered as a source that allows all people to participate effectively, and to exchange of the local and universal experiences and perspectives. For conf
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to find the impact of the efficiency of Management information systems (MIS) on the effectiveness of governmental organizations performance.
To achieve the objective of the research, the analytical descriptive method was adopted. A questionnaire was designed consisting of (35) paragraphs, and the sample consisted of (200) individual. The research attemped to answer the following question: To achieve the objective of the research, the analytical descriptive method was adopted. A questionnaire was designed consisting of (35) paragraphs, and the sample consisted of (200) individual. The research tried to answer the following question: What is the actual utilization of modern admi
... Show MoreThe research aims to assess the local accounting procedures related in one of developments that have taken place, and largely on the structure of the Iraqi economic activity. But a partnership between the (public and private sector), or one of the types of joint arrangements, and through the use of the analytical method and extrapolate the reality of the accounting treatments in Company research sample. Research found to a number of conclusions that the unified accounting system applied in the economic units that deal with contracting joint arrangements formula suffers from obvious shortcomings, and reflected the common arrangements suffer from obvious shortcomings. and reflected on the quality of financial reporting, and the urgent need
... Show MoreBackground:The effects of contraception on Trichomonas vaginalis have important implications for women who suffer from infections associated with disruptions in the vaginal ecology, such as bacterial vaginitis and urinary tract infections.
Objective: To find the association of the common types of contraceptions with the Trichomonasvaginalis infection in women admitted to the Al-BatoolTeaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baqubah city.
Type of study: Cross-sectional study
Methods: This study consist of 75 women with contraception use and71 apparently healthy non contraception user women admitted to outpatient in Al
... Show MoreThe Assurance Services Are Represented By Expressing A Clear And Independent Opinion On All Financial And Non-Financial Information, As It Is Broader Than The Services Related To Auditing Financial Statements And Expressing Opinion (Certification) And Extends Them To A Wider Range, And It Is Possible To Distinguish Between Auditing And Certification Services And Confirming That Audit Services Relate To Expressing Opinion On Financial Statements And Certification Services Related To By Expressing An Opinion On A Wide Range Of Financial Information And More Broadly Than The Financial Statements And Assurance Services That Include Expressing An Opinion On Integrated Financial And Non-Financial Information And From This Standpoint Came The I
... Show MoreThe external shocks are one of the phenomena that the Iraqi economy is exposed to over a period of time. It is referred to as changes and events that come from outside the economic system and extends to many economic variables. However, foreign direct investment may be severely affected due to the extreme sensitivity to changes and local and international developments. This type of trauma and its characteristics to help manage and cope with external shocks, and in order to avoid the standard problems experienced by some models of simple linear regression, multi-linear regression models were used with variables Scientific and other dummy variables .
The study foun
... Show MoreFor businesses that provide delivery services, the efficiency of the delivery process in terms of punctuality is very important. In addition to increasing customer trust, efficient route management, and selection are required to reduce vehicle fuel costs and expedite delivery. Some small and medium businesses still use conventional methods to manage delivery routes. Decisions to manage delivery schedules and routes do not use any specific methods to expedite the delivery settlement process. This process is inefficient, takes a long time, increases costs and is prone to errors. Therefore, the Dijkstra algorithm has been used to improve the delivery management process. A delivery management system was developed to help managers and drivers
... Show MoreThis research dealt with the impact of internal control on tax performance using balanced scorecard indicators because of its special importance in improving tax performance and reform. The internal control system is a safety valve for senior management in all organizations, it plays an important role in the regularity and development of work and the fight against corruption To provide reliable and accurate data and information, follow up on compliance with laws, regulations and instructions. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how control affects tax performance and how to adapt internal control components to improve tax performance. In the General Authority for taxes and its branches,. The research resulted in a number of conclu
... Show MoreThe importance of the research lies in preparing an experimental curriculum according to a scientific method that will contribute to the development of the special strength(endurance the strength of arms) in order to contribute to the attempt to develop the basic skills of the national team players with the goal ball for the blind As for the research problem, it lies in the weakness of the strength endurance of the national team players with the goal ball for the blind, as the research problem is clearly evident in the last minutes of the match, as well as the former studies in the field of goal ball game for the blind at the country level The research aims to prepare special exercises for endurance of strength as well as t
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