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A Comparison between Er,Cr:YSGG 2780 nm Laser and Carbide Fissure Bur in Root-End resection
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Aim: The Aim of the study is to compare between Er,Cr:YSGG 2780 nm laser and carbide fissure bur in root-end resection regarding the morphological variations, temperature changes and the duration of resection process.

Settings and Design: 5 W, 25 Hz, 50% water, 80% air,25.47 J/cm2 .

Material and method: twenty-one extracted single rooted teeth endodontically were treated, twenty teeth were obturated and divided into two groups according to method of resection. Group 1 root-end resected using cross cut carbide bur while group 2 root-end resected using laser with MGG6 sapphire tip of 600 μm diameter. Temperature on external root surface and duration of resection were recorded. The remaining tooth served as control. Samples were prepared for SEM and examined to evaluate dentinal cracks, cemental damage, roughness, filling material-root canal wall interface.

Statistical Analysis: whenever required, x2 test/Fisher exact and Kruskal–Wallis test were used.

Results: laser result in intradentin cracks in 70% of samples while bur cause intradentin crack in 30% of samples. There was no significant difference between group 1 and 2 regarding the percentage of complete and incomplete cracks. Resection with bur resulted in cemental damage in 70% of samples while resection with laser didn’t result in cemental damage in any of the samples .Evaluation of surface roughness revealed statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). The difference in duration of resection was statistically significant while in recorded temperature was not significant.

Conclusion: Er,Cr:YSGG laser showed higher percentage of intradentinal cracks, no cemental damage, larger gap area ,rougher surface and longer time for resection than bur .There is no elevation of temperature on external root surface.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Achieve breastfeeding book and theft book To the end of the door cut the way of the manuscript Sailing Forum for Sheikh Ibrahim bin Mohammed Halabi (T: 659 H): Study and achieve
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Achieve breastfeeding book and theft book
To the end of the door cut the way of the manuscript
Sailing Forum for Sheikh Ibrahim bin Mohammed Halabi
(T: 659 H)

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Complex Relationship Between Darwinism, Geopolitics and Geographic Colonization Research the Relationship Between Geopolitics and Ethnography
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Research on geopolitical and geopolitical studies relates to a range of sciences that can be called auxiliary sciences, such as political science, international relations in particular, and history, but their focus is rarely on science and ethnography

That the issues and problems of the world today has become so large and complex that does not allow a specific field or knowledge to solve one of the need for the newly known knowledge integration (geopolitics and geopolitics) in particular to move towards cognitive integration to understand many of the problems and global issues that faced The importance of this study comes to clarify the relationship between Darwinism, geopolitics and geopolitics. The geopolitics in modern terms d

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Comparison Between the Theoretical Cross Section Based on the Partial Level Density Formulae Calculated by the Exciton Model with the Experimental Data for (_79^197)Au nucleus
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In this paper, the theoretical cross section in pre-equilibrium nuclear reaction has been studied for the reaction  at energy 22.4 MeV. Ericson’s formula of partial level density PLD and their corrections (William’s correction and spin correction) have been substituted  in the theoretical cross section and compared with the experimental data for  nucleus. It has been found that the theoretical cross section with one-component PLD from Ericson’s formula when  doesn’t agree with the experimental value and when . There is little agreement only at the high value of energy range with  the experimental cross section. The theoretical cross section that depends on the one-component William's formula and on-component corrected to spi

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 10 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Simulation of passively Q-switched rate equation using saturable crystal Dy +2: CaF2 with ruby laser
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The simulation of passively Q-switching is four non – linear first order differential equations. The optimization of passively Q-switching simulation was carried out using the constrained Rosenbrock technique. The maximization option in this technique was utilized to the fourth equation as an objective function; the parameters, γa, γc and β as were dealt with as decision variables. A FORTRAN program was written to determine the optimum values of the decision variables through the simulation of the four coupled equations, for ruby laser Q–switched by Dy +2: CaF2.For different Dy +2:CaF2 molecules number, the values of decision variables was predicted using our written program. The relaxation time of Dy +2: CaF2, used with ruby was

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Comparison of Dispute Resolution Provisions between the Joint Contract Tribunal and the Iraqi Standard Bidding Document
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Due to a party's violation of his obligations or responsibilities indicated in the contract, many engineering projects confront extensive contractual disputes, which in turn need arbitration or other forms of dispute resolution, which negatively impact the project's outcome. Each contract has its terms for dispute resolution. Therefore, this paper aims to study the provisions for dispute resolution according to Iraqi (SBDW) and the JCT (SBC/Q2016) and also to show the extent of the difference between the two contracts in the application of these provisions. The methodology includes a detailed study of the dispute settlement provisions for both contracts with a comparative analysis to identify the differences in the appli

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Media and democracy between propaganda and incitement
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First: The entrance to media and democracy
The growth of the media and the development of its technologies are linked to the development of the democratic system and its political and mass institutions. In many cases, the technologies concerned were able to open the closed doors to the spread of democracy and broaden the base of its applications. As Dupre points out, “audio-visual has opened the image and sound after printing has opened the natural language” (1) to democratization. The generalization of the book, due to the development of printing, led to the transcendence of the Church's dominance in Europe, and the direct broadcasting and transmission of information enabled the media to transcend the domination of factional syst

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 22 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMER RIGHTS IN THE ALGERIAN MARKET.: COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMER RIGHTS IN THE ALGERIAN MARKET.
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The current study aimed to identify key consumer rights and the nature of the work of organizations and traders in the Algerian market through the opinions of the study sample. To prove the hypotheses the researcher depended on the data obtained by the questionnaire prepared for this purpose. She distributed 384 questionnaires out of which only 300 were returned.
The data were analyzed using several statistical techniques such as the Statistical Package for Social Studies system, in addition to percentages, frequencies, and standard deviation.
And a number of conclusions and recommendations were presented. The most important results are:
- There is a strong correlation between safety and compensation rights.
- There is a st

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Thermal Effects of 940 nm Diode Laser on Dental Socket Blood after Teeth Extraction for Diabetic Patients
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Abstract: Background: High percentage of diabetes patients complain from post extraction hemorrhage. Many types of hemostatic materials are used to stop bleeding after teeth extraction: diode lasers are good hemostatic agents owing to their highly absorption by hemoglobin therefore they are used in soft tissue procedures with relatively no effects on dental hard tissues due to their poorly absorption by water and hydroxyapatite. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of diode laser to assist the clot formation after tooth extraction for type II diabetes patients with minimum temperature elevation to prevent periodontal destruction. Materials and methods: From 12 type II diabetes patients (7 males and 5 females wi

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison of Some Non-Parametric Quality Control Methods
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    Multivariate Non-Parametric control charts were used to monitoring the data that generated by using the simulation, whether they are within control limits or not. Since that non-parametric methods do not require any assumptions about the distribution of the data.  This research aims to apply the multivariate non-parametric quality control methods, which are Multivariate Wilcoxon Signed-Rank ( ) , kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and k-nearest neighbor (

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Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison for estimation methods for the autoregressive approximations
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Abstract

      In this study, we compare between the autoregressive approximations (Yule-Walker equations, Least Squares , Least Squares ( forward- backword ) and Burg’s (Geometric and Harmonic ) methods, to determine the optimal approximation to the time series generated from the first - order moving Average non-invertible process, and fractionally - integrated noise process, with several values for d (d=0.15,0.25,0.35,0.45) for different sample sizes (small,median,large)for two processes . We depend on figure of merit function which proposed by author Shibata in 1980, to determine the theoretical optimal order according to min

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