Background: Lateral sinus augmentation and simultaneous insertion of dental implants is a highlypredictable procedure and associated with high rate of implants success.Aims: To evaluate implant stability changes following maxillary sinus augmentation utilizing deproteinizedbovine bone alone or mixed with platelet-rich fibrin.Materials and Methods: A total of 34 lateral sinus augmentation procedures were performed and 50 dentalimplants simultaneously installed. The lateral sinus augmentation cases were allocated randomly into 3groups: Group A comprised 13 procedures and 21 dental implants utilizing solely deproteinized bovine bone.Group B involved 10 cases and 16 dental implants using deproteinized bovine bone mixed with leukocyteand

<span>As a result of numerous applications and low installation costs, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have expanded excessively. The main concern in the WSN environment is to lower energy consumption amidst nodes while preserving an acceptable level of service quality. Using multi-mobile sinks to reduce the nodes' energy consumption have been considered as an efficient strategy. In such networks, the dynamic network topology created by the sinks mobility makes it a challenging task to deliver the data to the sinks. Thus, in order to provide efficient data dissemination, the sensor nodes will have to readjust the routes to the current position of the mobile sinks. The route re-adjustment process could result in a significant m

With wireless sensor network (WSN) wide applications in popularity, securing its data becomes a requirement. This can be accomplished by encrypting sensor node data. In this paper a new an efficient symmetric cryptographic algorithm is presented. This algorithm is called wireless sensor network wavelet curve ciphering system (WSN-WCCS).  The algorithm idea based on discrete wavelet transformation to generate keys for each node in WSN.  It implements on hierarchical clustering WSN using LEACH protocol. Python programming language version 2.7 was used to create the simulator of WSN framework and implement a WSN-WCCS algorithm. The simulation result of the proposed WSN-WCCS with other symmetric algorithms has show

Localization is an essential demand in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It relies on several types of measurements. This paper focuses on positioning in 3-D space using time-of-arrival- (TOA-) based distance measurements between the target node and a number of anchor nodes. Central localization is assumed and either RF, acoustic or UWB signals are used for distance measurements. This problem is treated by using iterative gradient descent (GD), and an iterative GD-based algorithm for localization of moving sensors in a WSN has been proposed. To localize a node in 3-D space, at least four anchors are needed. In this work, however, five anchors are used to get better accuracy. In GD localization of a moving sensor, the algo

The study aims to determine the concentrations of radon, humidity, and CO2 in residences within the Mitham Al-Tammar neighbourhood of Kufa, utilising an Airthings 2960 Wave Plus device in the living rooms of each household. The concentration of radon varied, with a minimum value of 13 ± 3.9 Bq/m³ and a maximum value of 90 ± 5.8 Bq/m³, yielding an average rate of 35.8 ± 4.889 Bq/m³. The concentrations of total VOCs in residences ranged from 69.26 ppb to 810.14 ppb, with a mean of 321.4855 ± 40.4. The humidity percentages exhibited a minimum concentration of 51.68% and a maximum of 122.97%, averaging 76.594 ± 4.298. The concentrations of volatile organic compounds and

Reducing global warming potential (GWP) of refrigerants is needed to the decrease of ozone-depleting of refrigeration systems leakages. Refrigerant R1234yf is now used to substitute R134a inside mobile air conditioning systems. Thermodynamic properties of R1234yf are similar to R134a. Also, it has a very low GWP of 4, compared to 1430 for R134a, making it a proper choice for future automobile refrigerants. The purpose of this research is to represent the main operating and performance differences between R1234yf and R134a. Experimental analysis was carried out on the automotive air conditioning system (AACS) with 3 kW nominal capacity, to test and compare the performance of R134a with R1234yf. Experiments were accomplish