This work presents the use of laser diode in the fiber distributed data interface FDDI networks. FDDI uses optical fiber as a transmission media. This solves the problems resulted from the EMI, and noise. In addition it increases the security of transmission. A network with a ring topology consists of three computers was designed and implemented. The timed token protocol was used to achieve and control the process of communication over the ring. Nonreturn to zero inversion (NRZI) modulation was carried out as a part of the physical (PHY) sublayer. The optical system consists of a laser diode with wavelength of 820 nm and 2.5 mW maximum output power as a source, optical fiber as a channel, and positive intrinsic negative (PIN) photodiode with maximum responsivity at wavelength of 820 nm as a detector. Practical tests were carried out on the laser diode showed that the output characteristics and spectral characteristics of the laser diode depend largely on the drive current. The maximum separation distance between successive stations in the ring was 5.4 km. From the performance tests, it was concluded that the maximum throughput and maximum access delay are directly proportional to length of the transmitted information. A trade off between the transmitted information length and the maximum access delay is needed.
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with an organized propaganda campaign. This military campaign was helped to formulate its speech by many institutions, research centers, and knowledge and intelligence circles in order to mobilize public opinion gain supporters and face the opponents by different means depending on a variety of styles to achieve its required effects.
After the US occupation of Iraq, US media fighters sought to influence the Iraqi public opinion and making them convinced them of the important presence of US military forces in Iraq which necessitated finding its justification through the use of persuasive techniques in its intensive propaganda campaigns.
This research discusses the most important
The purpose of this research is defining the main factors influencing on decision of management system on sensitive data in cloud. The framework is proposed to enhance management information systems decision on sensitive information in cloud environment. The structured interview with several security experts working on cloud computing security to investigate the main objective of framework and suitability of instrument, a pilot study conducts to test the instrument. The validity and reliability test results expose that study can be expanded and lead to final framework validation. This framework using multilevel related to Authorization, Authentication, Classification and identity anonymity, and save and verify, to enhance management
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Background: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been extensively applied to improve wound healing due to some biostimulatory properties presented by laser arrays apparently able to accelerate the repair of soft tissue injuries. However, the role of proinflammatory interlukines not been studied yet. IL_1 ? represent one of the most important poroinflammatory interlukines that involved in wound healing. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of 790-805nm diode laser on the expression of IL_1 ? during wound healing in mice. Materials and Methods: Standard-sized wounds (1.5cm) were carried out in the face of 96 white albino mice. Half of them underwent LLLT treatment (360 J/cm 2) at 790-805 nm delivered immediately after wound pro
... Show MoreAims: This study was done to investigate the effect of low energy laser therapy on bone healing at the extraction site. Materials and methods:(24) male albino rats were exposed to the extraction procedure of the maxillary first molar on the first day of a seven day experiment and these animals were divided into two main groups; the control group and the laser group. The laser experiment involved using (Ga-As infrared diode laser) from optodent by directing the probe over the extraction site. The control group consisted of 4 rats, and the laser group was subdivided into 5 subgroups of 4 rats each. The laser dose was as follows: B1: a single dose of 5 minutes immediately after extraction.,
... Show MoreThe present work reports the performance of three types of polyethersulfone (PES) membrane in the removal of highly polluting and toxic lead Pb2+ and cadmium Cd2+ ions from a single salt. This study investigated the effect of operating variables, including pH, types of PES membrane, and feed concentration, on the separation process. The transport parameters and mass transfer coefficient (k) of the membranes were estimated using the combined film theory-solution-diffusion (CFSD), combined film theory-Spiegler-Kedem (CFSK), and combined film theory-finely-porous (CFFP) membrane transport models. Various parameters were used to estimate the enrichment factors, concentration polarization modulus, and Péclet number. The pH values signif
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The meniscus has a crucial function in human anatomy, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (M.R.I.) plays an essential role in meniscus assessment. It is difficult to identify cartilage lesions using typical image processing approaches because the M.R.I. data is so diverse. An M.R.I. data sequence comprises numerous images, and the attributes area we are searching for may differ from each image in the series. Therefore, feature extraction gets more complicated, hence specifically, traditional image processing becomes very complex. In traditional image processing, a human tells a computer what should be there, but a deep learning (D.L.) algorithm extracts the features of what is already there automatically. The surface changes become valuable when
... Show MoreDocetaxel is an effective treatment approved for many types of cancers, but its effectiveness in clinical practice can be compromised by significant occurrence of adverse drug reactions. The aim of the current study was to measure the distribution of adverse drug reactions of docetaxel reported in Iraq and to assess the causality, severity, seriousness, preventability, expectedness and outcome of these adverse reactions. A retrospective study conducted on individual case safety reports from the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center / Ministry of Health. The study included 118 individual case safety report containing 236 adverse drug reactions.
Most of the adverse drug reactions were related to skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders(26.7%), f
The propagation of laser beam in the underdense deuterium plasma has been studied via computer simulation using the fluid model. An appropriate computer code “HEATER” has been modified and is used for this purpose. The propagation is taken to be in a cylindrical symmetric medium. Different laser wavelengths (1 = 10.6 m, 2 = 1.06 m, and 3 = 0.53 m) with a Gaussian pulse type and 15 ns pulse widths have been considered. Absorption energy and laser flux have been calculated for different plasma and laser parameters. The absorbed laser energy showed maximum for = 0.53 m. This high absorbitivity was inferred to the effect of the pondermotive force.
It is often needed to have circuits that can display the decimal representation of a binary number and specifically in this paper on a 7-segment display. In this paper a circuit that can display the decimal equivalent of an n-bit binary number is designed and it’s behavior is described using Verilog Hardware Descriptive Language (HDL). This HDL program is then used to configure an FPGA to implement the designed circuit.