Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) contaminated sites at Al-Rumaila Iraqi oil fields have been characterized as a part of soil remediation project. Activity of radium isotopes in contaminated soil have been determined using gamma spectrometer High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe) and found to be very high for Al-Markezia, Al-Qurainat degassing stations and storage area at Khadhir Almay region. The activity concentration of samples ranges from 6474.11±563.8 Bq/kg to 1232.5±60.9 Bq/kg with mean value of 3853.3 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 843.59±8.39 Bq/kg to 302.2±9.2 Bq/kg with mean value of 572.9 Bq/kg for 232Th and 294.31±18.56 Bq/kg to 156.64±18.1 Bq/kg with mean value of 225.5 for 40K. Six hazard indexs radium equivalent, representative level index, adsorbed dose rate in air, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, and internal hazard indexes were calculated to estimate the potential radiological health risk in soil and dose rate associated with it and found to be high. Screening of contaminated soil was performed to evaluate the feasibility of particle size separation. The fractions obtained varied between 75 µm (200 mesh) to 300µm (48 mesh).The results show that the largest weight percent in fine particle size cut ( -75, -125+75, -250+125) µm is 73.9% and all radium isotopes are concentrated in 37.5µm particle size while small fluctuations are observed in the other particle size cuts.
Study of the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Modified Unsaturated Polyester Blends
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the stability and marginal bone loss of implants inserted with flapped and flapless approaches 8 weeks after surgery and 3 months after loading. Material and Methods: Thirty SLActive implants were inserted in 11 patients and early loaded with final restoration 8 weeks after healing period. The stability values determined by Osstell and the marginal bone loss measured by CBCT at the initial time (1st) and 8 weeks of the healing period (2nd) and 3 months after loading (3rd). Results: The overall survival rate was 100%. A significant increase in the 3rd implant stability value in the age of ˂ 40. A significant decrease in the 2nd implant stability value in both gender and traumatic zone with a flapless app
... Show MoreLand use change, particularly the expansion of urban areas and associated human activities at the expense of natural and semi-natural areas, is a major ecological issue in urban areas around the world. Climate change being a very strong additional driver for changing the temperature and habitat in the cities. This also applies to Baghdad, Iraq, where urbanisation and climate change exerts a major pressure on the natural habitats of the city, and thus may affect the ability of city planners to adapt to future climate change scenarios. Here we present evidence of substantial growth in urban areas, increases in temperature, and degradation of natural vegetation within Baghdad city by using Remote Sensing techniques and an assessment for the
... Show MoreIn this study, the response and behavior of machine foundations resting on dry and saturated sand was investigated experimentally. A physical model was manufactured to simulate steady state harmonic load at different operating frequencies. The effect of relative density, depth of embedment, foundation area as well as the imposed harmonic load was investigated. It was found that the amplitude of displacement of the foundation increases with increasing the amplitude of dynamic force and operating frequency meanwhile it decreases with increasing the relative density of sand, degree of saturation, depth of embedment and contact area of footing. The maximum displacement was noticed at 33.34 to 41.67 Hz. The maximum displacement amplitude respons
... Show MoreIn this study, the response and behavior of machine foundations resting on dry and saturated sand was investigated experimentally. A physical model was manufactured to simulate steady state harmonic load at different operating frequencies. The effect of relative density, depth of embedment, foundation area as well as the imposed harmonic load was investigated. It was found that the amplitude of displacement of the foundation increases with increasing the amplitude of dynamic force and operating frequency meanwhile it decreases with increasing the relative density of sand, degree of saturation, depth of embedment and contact area of footing. The maximum displacement was noticed at 33.34 to 41.67 Hz. The maximum displaceme
... Show MoreConfigured binary polymer blends of epoxy and Polyurethane was chosen varying proportions of these materials led to the production of homogeneous mixtures of Althermust Althermust and descent was poured polyurethane models required in the form of 4 mm thick plates
Burnishing improves fatigue strength, surface hardness and decrease surface roughness of metal because this process transforms tensile residual stresses into compressive residual stresses. Roller burnishing tool is used in the present work on low carbon steel (AISI 1008) specimens. In this work, different experiments were used to study the influence of feed parameter and speed parameter in burnishing process on fatigue strength, surface roughness and surface hardness of low carbon steel (AISI 1008) specimens. The first parameter used is feed values which were (0.6, 0.8, and 1) mm at constant speed (370) rpm, while the second parameter used is speed at values (540, 800 and 1200) rpm and at constant feed (1) mm. The results of the fatigue
... Show MoreThe printed circuit heat exchanger is a plate type heat exchanger with a high performance and compact size. Heat exchangers such as this need a unique form of bonding and other techniques to be used in their construction. In this study, the process of joining plates, diffusion bonding, was performed and studied. A special furnace was manufactured for bonding purposes. The bonding process of copper metal was carried out under specific conditions of a high temperature up to 700 oC, high pressure of 3.45 MPa, and in an inert environment (Argon gas) to make tensile samples. The tensile samples are cylindrical shapes containing groves representing the flow channels in the printed circuit heat exchanger and checking their tensile st
... Show MoreThis contribution investigates the effect of the addition of the Hubbard U parameter on the electronic structural and mechanical properties of cubic (C-type) lanthanide sesquioxides (Ln2O3). Calculated Bader's charges confirm the ionic character of Lnsingle bondO bonds in the C-type Ln2O3. Estimated structural parameters (i.e., lattice constants) coincide with analogous experimental values. The calculated band gaps energies at the Ueff of 5 eV for these compounds exhibit a non-metallic character and Ueff of 6.5 eV reproduces the analogous experimental band gap of cerium sesquioxide Ce2O3. We have thoroughly investigated the effect of the O/Ce ratios and the effect of hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr) dopants on the reduction energies of C
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