This work deals with thermal cracking of three samples of extract lubricating oil produced as a by-product from furfural extraction process of lubricating oil base stock in AL-Dura refinery. The thermal cracking processes were carried out at a temperature range of 325-400 ºC and atmospheric pressure by batch laboratory reactor. The distillation of cracking liquid products was achieved by general ASTM distillation (ASTM D -86) for separation of gasoline fraction up to 220 ºC from light cycle oil fraction above 220 ºC. The comparison between the conversions at different operating conditions of thermal cracking processes indicates that a high conversion was obtained at 375°C, according to gasoline production. According to gasoline production, noticed that sample (3) was the best due to their high gasoline product at thermal cracking, so another distillation will occur to obtain other composition and its volume present. Gasoline and kerosene conversion was 19 % and for light cycle oil 81% for the best one (sample 3).
In this paper a nonlinear adaptive control method is presented for a pH process, which is difficult to control due to the nonlinear and uncertainties. A theoretical and experimental investigation was conducted of the dynamic behavior of neutralization process in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The process control was implemented using different control strategies, velocity form of PI control and nonlinear adaptive control. Through simulation studies it has been shown that the estimated parameters are in good agreement with the actual values and that the proposed adaptive controller has excellent tracking and regulation performance.
Process capability provides a quantitative measure for gasoline production conformance to specifications.It was measured throughout four consecutive months of the last quarter of 2011. Results revealed high percentages (up to 44%) of non conforming gasoline blends to Iraqi marketing specifications for petroleum products (2000) by inspecting 122 different samples of Iraqi regular gasoline (RON 85).
Quality cost analysis as an important financial control tool was carried out to evaluate Cost of Quality (COQ) which was large due to non conforming gasoline reached up to (722.8 M.ID) in October. In this research COQ was investigated in order to identify the opportunities of gasoline quality improvements through production process. Also cus
Education represents a different their areas, especially after the educational cornerstone of Staff of the community in which young person’s that can stand up and shared the overall development process.
In order for education to be effective in the community, there is a need to develop to cope with the process development of civilization and modern technology. And for that to be achieved the goal of current research to stand on the advancement of the educational process through Knowledge of educational strategies that had previously requirements put forward for the development of educational process as well as through Knowledge of the mo
... Show MoreTitanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V or Gr.23) was widely used as a dental alloy. In the current study, polymerization of eugenol (PE) on Gr.23 titanium alloys was conducted by an electrochemical process before and after being treated by Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO). The formed films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion behavior of Gr.23 alloy in an artificial saliva environment at a temperature range of 293–323 K has been studied and assessed by means of electrochemical polarization and impedance spectroscopy techniques. Three cases are taken into consideration; bare Gr.23, Gr.23 coated by PE, and Gr.23 coated by PE after MAO treatment. The maxi
... Show Moreان تصنيع رمال مطلية بأوكسيد الحديد من خلال ترسيب الجزيئات النانوية لذلك الاوكسيد على سطوح الرمال واستخدامها في الحاجز التفاعلي النفاذ لإزالة ايونات الكادميوم والنحاس من المياه الجوفية الملوثة الهدف الرئيسي للدراسة الحالية. تم توصيف بيانات الامتزاز نتيجة تفاعل المادة المازة مع المادة الممتزة قيد الدراسة بشكل جيد من خلال نموذج لانكمير والذي كان أفضل من نموذج فراندلش. لقد وجد ان اعلى قيم لقابلية الامتزاز با
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to apply the concept of total value management to improve the process design of producing the toothpaste in Al Mammon factory one of the in the general company of food industry. The concept of total value management is concerning with achieve more than one values which are important for the customers as these values are related to the customers satisfaction. The research problem is that the factory did not measure the effectiveness of process design as this company has weakness in analyzing this effectiveness in synchronies with total value management. On the other side, the company did not give more attention to the cost of products and selling prices within the value cost/ profit which is one of the
... Show MoreReinforcing asphalt concrete with polyester fibers considered as an active remedy to alleviate the harmful impact of fatigue deterioration. This study covers the investigation of utilizing two shapes of fibers size, 6.35 mm by 3.00 mm and 12.70 mm by 3.00 mm with mutual concentrations equal to 0.25 %, 0.50 % and 0.75 % by weight of mixture. Composition of asphalt mixture consists of different optimum (40-50) asphalt cement content, 12.50 mm nominal aggregate maximum size with limestone dust as a filler. Following the traditional asphalt cement and aggregate tests, three essential test were carried out on mixtures, namely: Marshall test (105 cylindrical specimens), indirect tensile strength test (21 cylindrical specimens)
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