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Carboxylesterase 2 prevents liver steatosis by modulating lipolysis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipogenesis and is regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha in mice
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease that ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). So far, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hepatic carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is markedly reduced in NASH patients, diabetic db/db mice, and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice. Restoration of hepatic CES2 expression in db/db or HFD‐fed mice markedly ameliorates liver steatosis and insulin resistance. In contrast, knockdown of hepatic CES2 causes liver steatosis and damage in chow‐ or Western diet‐fed C57BL/6 mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CES2 has triglyceride hydrolase activity. As a result, gain of hepatic CES2 function increases fatty acid oxidation and inhibits lipogenesis, whereas loss of hepatic CES2 stimulates lipogenesis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. We further show that loss of hepatic CES2 stimulates lipogenesis in a sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP‐1)‐dependent manner. Finally, we show that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF‐4α) plays a key role in controlling hepatic CES2 expression in diabetes, obesity, or NASH. Conclusion: CES2 plays a protective role in development of NAFLD. Targeting the HNF‐4α/CES2 pathway may be useful for treatment of NAFLD. (Hepatology 2016;63:1860‐1874)

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Nature of Non-verbal Communication Skills Practiced by Educational Counselors in Individual Guidance
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This research is an attempt to achieve the following objectives: 1. identifying the nature of the non-verbal communication skills practiced by educational counselors in individual guidance. 2. Identifying the significant differences between non-verbal communication skills exercised by educational counselors from their point of view in regard to their gender (male-female). The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool prepared based on exploratory questions of educational counselors and literature. It has consisted of (26) items over four domains applied to a sample of (50) educational counselors (male and female) who have been chosen randomly from schools located in Baghdad Education Directorate Rusafa / 2. It was treated statistically u

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
13th International Symposium On Fiber-reinforced Polymer Reinforcement For Concrete Structures Frprcs 13
CFRP Repairing System at Openings in Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Cracked by Impact Loads
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Publication Date
Mon Oct 05 2015
Journal Name
Diyala Journal For Pure Science
Determination of zinc ions in drinking water distribution systems (PVC pipes) by spectrophotometric method
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In this work, a method for the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of zinc which was precipitated into deionized water that is in a commercial distribution systems PVC pipe, is proposed using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. The method based on the reaction between the analytes Zn2+ and 2-carboxy-2-hyroxy-5-sulfoformazylbenze (Zincon) at an absorption maximum of 620nm at pH 9-10. This ligand is selective reagent. Since the complex is colored (blue), its stoichiometry can be established using visible spectrometry to measure the absorbance of solutions of known composition. The stoichiometry of the complex was determined by Job’s method and molar ratio method and found to be 1:2 (M: L). A series of synthetic solution containing different

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Enhancing the human resources quality by adopting an adventure learning method in their development
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The research aims to identify how to enhance the quality of the human resources, focusing on four dimensions (efficiency, effectiveness, flexibility, and reliability), by adopting an adventure learning method that combines theoretical and applied aspects at the same time, when developing human resources and is applied using information technology, and that Through its dimensions, which are (cooperation, interaction, communication, and understanding), as the research problem indicated a clear deficiency in the cognitive perception of the mechanism of employing adventure learning dimensions in enhancing human resources quality, so the importance of research was to present treatments and proposals to reduce this problem. To achieve

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Distinguishing Shapes of Breast Cancer Masses in Ultrasound Images by Using Logistic Regression Model
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The last few years witnessed great and increasing use in the field of medical image analysis. These tools helped the Radiologists and Doctors to consult while making a particular diagnosis. In this study, we used the relationship between statistical measurements, computer vision, and medical images, along with a logistic regression model to extract breast cancer imaging features. These features were used to tell the difference between the shape of a mass (Fibroid vs. Fatty) by looking at the regions of interest (ROI) of the mass. The final fit of the logistic regression model showed that the most important variables that clearly affect breast cancer shape images are Skewness, Kurtosis, Center of mass, and Angle, with an AUCROC of

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Improvement the corrosion Behavior of Titanium by Nanotubular Oxide in a simulated saliva solution
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Abstract<p>The corrosion behavior of Titanium in a simulated saliva solution was improved by Nanotubular Oxide via electrochemical anodizing treatment using three electrodes cell potentiostat at 37°C. The anodization treatment was achieved in a non-aqueous electrolyte with the following composition: 200mL ethylene glycol containing 0.6g NH4F and 10 ml of deionized water and using different applied directed voltage at 10°C and constant time of anodizing (15 min.). The anodized titanium layer was examined using SEM, and AFM technique.</p><p>The results showed that increasing applied voltage resulted in formation titanium oxide nanotubes with higher corrosion resistance </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 05 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Local Study of blaCTX-M genes detection in Proteus spp. by using PCR technique
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n this study, 25 clinical isolates of Proteus spp. were collected from urine, wounds and burns specimens from different hospitals in Baghdad city, all isolates were identified by using different bacteriological media, biochemical assays and Vitek-2 system. It was found that 15 (60%) isolates were identifies as Proteus mirabilis and 10 (40 %) isolates were Proteus vulgaris. The susceptibility of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris isolates towards cefotaxime was (66.6 %) and (44.4 %) respectively; while the susceptibility of P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris isolates towards ceftazidime was (20%). Extended spectrum β-lactamses producing Proteus was (30.7 %). DNA of 10 isolates of P. mirabilis and 4 isolates of P. vulgaris were extracted and de

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 02 2018
Journal Name
Aci Special Publication
CFRP Repairing System at Openings in Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Cracked by Impact Loads
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 04 2020
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Epidemiological Characteristics of Animal Bite Cases Recorded by Case based Surveillance in Iraq 2012
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Background: Animal bite is one of the public health problems all over the world, especially in poor countries. Animal bites have an impact on human health due to rabies disease, which is a viral transmitted disease from animal to human with a high mortality rate.
Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of animal bite cases by person, time, and place.
Method: Descriptive cross sectional study was done by reviewing cases caused by animal bites., Data including the demographic characteristics of age, gender, occupation, site of bite, and attending health institutions searching treatment were all included.
Results: There were 11600 animal bite cases. Most of bites caused by stray dogs 11577(99.8%), and the males

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Advanced Research In Dynamical And Control Systems
The impact of node density over routing protocols in manet by using NS-3
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