This study aims to analyze the spectral properties of plasma produced from rice husk(Rh) using the laser breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) method. The plasma generation process used the fundamental harmonic (1064 nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is a man-made crystalline material. The laser fired pulses with a duration of 10 ns and a repetition rate of 6 Hz. Thus, the energy outputs achieved were 50–200 mJ at the wavelength of 1064 (nm). The silica content in the rice hulls was verified using an XRF measurement, which revealed the presence of silica in the rice hulls in a high percentage. Precise beam focusing was achieved by focusing the laser on the target material. This target material is placed within an atmospheric environment at standard pressure settings. The electron temperature was derived using the Boltzmann diagram method by harnessing experimental data for the linear properties associated with the neutral lines (Si II), (O II), and ion lines (Si I). The use of analytical methodology led to the determination of electron temperature values from 0.79 eV to 1.16 eV for the fundamental harmonic of the laser. At the same time, the electron (ne) density was determined by analyzing the Stark broadening profile associated with the neutral silica line. Furthermore, the study included an additional dimension by determining the plasma properties (electron temperature and electron density) by adjusting the laser energy on the target surface longitudinally along the path of the plasma plume.
The study aims to identify the extent of the availability of administrative empowerment and the implementation of remote supervision in relation to two variables with respect to the employees of the Saudi Ministry of Education. The study included (456) male and female supervisors. The questionnaire has been administrated to collected data related to the research aims. The results indicated that both the extent of the availability of administrative empowerment and the implementation of remote supervision is of an average degree. There is a significant correlation relationship (p<0.05) between administrative empowerment and remote supervision of the educational supervisors of the Saudi Ministry of Education. The research recommends that
... Show MoreIn this study, we design narrow band pass filter for window (3_5) ?m dependent on the needle optimization method , and a comparison with global designs published -Also, the effect of change parameter design on the optical performance of filter was studded and being able to overcome the difficulties of the design.In this study, the adoption of homogeneous optical properties materials as thin film depositing on a substrate of germanium at wavelength design (? = 4 ?m). For design this kind of filters we used advanced computer program (Matlab )to build a model design dependent both matrix characteristic and Needle technique. In this paper we refer to the type of Mert function , which is used for correct optical performance acces
... Show MoreToday, problems of spatial data integration have been further complicated by the rapid development in communication technologies and the increasing amount of available data sources on the World Wide Web. Thus, web-based geospatial data sources can be managed by different communities and the data themselves can vary in respect to quality, coverage, and purpose. Integrating such multiple geospatial datasets remains a challenge for geospatial data consumers. This paper concentrates on the integration of geometric and classification schemes for official data, such as Ordnance Survey (OS) national mapping data, with volunteered geographic information (VGI) data, such as the data derived from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project. Useful descriptions o
... Show MoreMindfulness is considered a process to draw an image of the active event and to creat new social varieties which leaves the individuals open to modernity and to be sensitive towards the context. in contrast, when individuals act with less attention, they need to be more determined concerning the varieties and events of the past . and as a result , they become unaware of the characteristics that creat the individual condition .The problem of the current study is represented in asking about the nature of the possible relationship between mindfulness and self-regulated learning within specific demographic frame of an importantsocial category represented in university students where no previous researches nor theories have agreed on the natu
... Show MoreThis study aims to identify the forgiveness level among gifted students and its relation to the self-awareness. The study sample consisted of (207) students were randomly chosen, they are integrated in secondary schools in Abha / Saudi Arabia. The correlative, analytical descriptive method was adopted. Two scales were adopted by the researcher: The forgiveness scale prepared by Rye et al (2001) which translated to Arabic by Al-Mahasneh (2017) and the self-awareness scale which prepared by Al-Ghezwani (2017). The study results indicated the following: the forgiveness level among the talented students was high, the self-awareness level among talented students was high, and there is a positive statistically significant relationship
... Show MoreWhich children infected with physical growth retardation at childhood it will be the largest problems effecting the child and his parents together. So , at the period of early childhood, there must be a state of satisfactions of need because if they didn’t satisfied it will be very hard to be satisfied or replaced at another period because it will be busy with satisfaction of another need of new period, and even it will be satisfactions it still weak and didn’t be am efficient as the matter of if it be satisfied at the exact time Looking at physical growth and its indicators as length and weight and making a comparison with world indicators at peer age phases helps in spe
... Show MorePresents here in the results of comparison between the theoretical equation stated by Huang and Menq and laboratory model tests used to study the bearing capacity of square footing on geogrid-reinforced loose sand by performing model tests. The effects of several parameters were studied in order to study the general behavior of improving the soil by using the geogrid. These parameters include depth of first layer of reinforcement, vertical spacing of reinforcement layers, number of reinforcement layers and types of reinforcement layers The results show that the theoretical equation can be used to estimate the bearing capacity of loose sand.
The Iraqi political and social arena has been characterized, subjectively and objectively, by the weakness of leadership building. This has led to a leadership crisis, which is reflected in the quality of the outcome of the process of rebuilding the state in Iraq. Thus, this building process has lacked the simplest requirements and conditions of success. It has suffered from a major and obvious failure: the situation in Iraq has raised conflict leaders, not constructive leaders, and this confirms the existence of a cultural crisis in the production of conscious, aware leadership compatible with democratic action. The weakness of leadership in Iraq is reflected in a series of ongoing crises that require radical solutions in accordance with l
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