The purpose of this paper is to evaluate neuromuscular fatigue among elite basketball players in the Iraqi Basketball League using surface electromyography (sEMG) with the Ultium EMG device and the MR3.18 program, and using the Wavelet analysis application with the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) method. The research sample included six advanced players from the Iraqi Elite League, aged (21.50 ±3.67) years, with a body mass of (80.50 ±11.71) kg, and a height of (189.00 ±7.75) cm. The research sample underwent a physical skill-exertion protocol that simulated the actual playing requirements of basketball, during which the electrical activity of the six selected muscles involved in performing the skill of shooting long-range three-point shots from outside the arc in the upper and lower limbs was measured. The anterior deltoid, the lateral triceps, the extensor carpi radialis, the flexor carpi radialis, the rectus femoris, and the lateral gastrocnemius represented these muscles. Forward fatigue was assessed in the three-point long-range shootingskill experienced before and after effort from low (15–45 Hz), through moderate (45–95 Hz) to high (95–400 Hz) frequency ranges. It was found that only one significant difference occurred in the rectus femoris muscle at high frequencies (p = 0.02, Cohen’s dz = 1.48), indicating significant neuromuscular fatigue associated with the muscle's high functional role in jumping, acceleration, deceleration, and while changing direction. The other muscles, however, did notdemonstrate statistically significant differences, although a small (to moderate) size of the traces was found, which could indicate that there has been reorganization of the neuromuscular activation strategy to compensate for performance. These results verify that CWT analysis is a sensitive and valid tool for dynamic, non-stationary, or cyclic sports activities, such as basketball, to estimate neuromuscular fatigue, and that it enhances understanding of task-specific muscle responses compared with other conventional spectral methods.
The depletion of petroleum reserves and increasing environmental concerns have driven the development of eco-friendly asphalt binders. This research investigates the performance of natural asphalt (NA) modified with waste engine oil (WEO) as a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum asphalt (PA). The study examines NA modified with 10%, 20%, and 30% WEO by the weight of asphalt to identify an optimal blend ratio that enhances the binder’s flexibility and workability while maintaining high-temperature stability. Comprehensive testing was conducted, including penetration, softening point, viscosity, ductility, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), linear amplitude sweep (LAS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), F
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The need for detection and investigation of the causes of pollution of the marshes and submit a statistical study evaluated accurately and submitted to the competent authorities and to achieve this goal was used to analyze the factorial analysis and then obtained the results from this analysis from a sample selected from marsh water pollutants which they were: (Electrical Conductivity: EC, Power of Hydrogen: PH, Temperature: T, Turbidity: TU, Total Dissolved Solids: TDS, Dissolved Oxygen: DO). The size of sample (44) sites has been withdrawn and examined in the laboratories of the Iraqi Ministry of Environment. By illustrating SPSS program) the results had been obtained. The most important recommendation was to increase the pumping of addit
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Total dissolved solids are at the top of the parameters list of water quality that requires investigations for planning and management, especially for irrigation and drinking purposes. If the quality of water is sufficiently predictable, then appropriate management is possible. In the current study, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were used as indicators of water quality and for the prediction of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) along the Tigris River, in Baghdad city. To build these models five water parameters were selected from the intakes of four water treatment plants on the Tigris River, for the period between 2013 and 2017. The selected water parameters were Total Dissolved Solids (TDS
... Show MoreThis study employs wavelet transforms to address the issue of boundary effects. Additionally, it utilizes probit transform techniques, which are based on probit functions, to estimate the copula density function. This estimation is dependent on the empirical distribution function of the variables. The density is estimated within a transformed domain. Recent research indicates that the early implementations of this strategy may have been more efficient. Nevertheless, in this work, we implemented two novel methodologies utilizing probit transform and wavelet transform. We then proceeded to evaluate and contrast these methodologies using three specific criteria: root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and log
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This paper presents an application of a Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HOST 12) to problem
of free vibration of simply supported symmetric and antisymmetric angle-ply composite laminated plates.
The theoretical model HOST12 presented incorporates laminate deformations which account for the effects
of transverse shear deformation, transverse normal strain/stress and a nonlinear variation of in-plane
displacements with respect to the thickness coordinate – thus modeling the warping of transverse crosssections more accurately and eliminating the need for shear correction coefficients. Solutions are obtained in
closed-form using Navier’s technique by solving the eigenvalue equation. Plates with varying number of
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most important relatively recent; treatment programs that attempt to modify behavior and control psychological disorders by modifying the individual's thinking style and awareness of himself and his environment, and cognitive reconstruction by replacing negative thoughts with positive ones. The current study aimed to know the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral treatment program in reducing nervous fatigue among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. The sample on which the nervous fatigue scale was applied consisted of (30) mothers whose son suffers from cerebral palsy, and the results indicated that (24) mothers suffer from nervous fatigue. This sample was divided
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The process of selection assure the objective of receiving for chosen ones to high levels more than other ways , and the problem of this research came by these inquires (what is the variables of limits we must considered when first preliminaries selections for mini basket ? and what is the proper test that suits this category ? and is there any standards references it can be depend on it ?) also the aims of this research that knowing the limits variables to basketball mini and their tests as a indicators for preliminaries for mini basketball category in ages (9-12) years and specifies standards (modified standards degrees in following method) to tests results to some limits variables for research sample. Also the researchers depends on (16)
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