الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر في العراق ودوره في تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية

This paper addresses the nature of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), considered as one of the most important concepts to ensure effective functioning in a modern society. It comprises a set of continually developing methods and procedures providing the geospatial base supporting a country’s governmental, environmental, economic, and social activities. In general, the SDI framework consists of the integration of various elements including standards, policies, networks, data, and end users and application areas. The transformation of previously paper-based map data into a digital format, the emergence of GIS, and the Internet and a host of online applications (e.g., environmental impact analysis, navigation, applications of VGI dat

This study aimed to clarify the importance of ecological taxation in achieving sustainable development, by analyzing a set of economic measures such as taxes, taxes levied by the legislation in the field of ecology, to fight against pollution.       And we tried to evaluate this initiative in Algeria. The results of the study showed that economic measures of ecological taxation contribute to achieving sustainable development, and Although Algeria has adopted a series of ecological tax mechanisms, it is far from keeping pace with developments in this area. 

Gender mainstreaming is a goal for building a society characterized by justice and equality. Gender mainstreaming requires a clear understanding of the concept. Therefore, the research focuses on the concept of gender and how it was addressed in the literature through which the concepts related to gender were extracted which is represented by the role and social status through which the relationship of gender can be measured. In order to find out the basis for the different status and roles of both sexes in societies, the interpreted theories of gender were addressed, through which the most important factors affecting gender relations, such as biological, social and economic factors, as well as political systems, were discussed. Due to t

The study of the concepts of "democracy" and "human rights" and their impact on development, has taken a prominent place in the context of general political and cultural concerns, or in specialized studies even though researchers and scholars do not agree on defining the concepts: Democracy, Human Rights, Development or deriving a global definition hindering them, and that because of the importance of this topic, which proceeds from a number of considerations standing in the forefront, of which:

First: What the world witnesses today in the first decade of this century of consecration of the unipolar theory, trying to give its concepts and perceptions through the law ((excessive force)) to the power of international

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the top ten most common cancers worldwide. There are multiple risk factors for CRC, one of which is aging. However, in recent years, CRC has been reported in children. Objective: To describe the main characteristics and symptoms of CRC as well as highlight pathologic data for early-onset CRC. Methods: 79 CRC patients were recruited from the Oncology Teaching Hospital in the period February–December 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Results: 25 (31.6%) of patients were below 50 years of age. 52 (65.8%) patients had tumors in the colon. The most common symptom is bleeding per rectum in both age groups. There was no significant difference in patholog

The experiment was conducted at the period from 20th Dec. 2015 to 30th Mar. 2016 to know the effect of growth medium and nodes number on the acclimatization success of tissue propagated potatoes seedlings (Burrin class) and study some plant physiological properties. The first experiment involved testing growth media: loam, peat moss, and perlite with different portions (1:1) to plant tissue propagated potato tubers, while the second experiment involved testing the nodes number where 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 plant nodes were chosen. Results of the first experiment showed the superiority of the culture media of peat moss + perlite to other culture media by giving the higher values of shoot system studied properties: plant height, branches number, le

The unbalanced distribution of investments in the economic fields of the 1950s had a negative impact on the overall economic life of the country in that period and subsequent periods. Since the 1960s, the planning agencies have tried to reduce the negative impact of imbalance in regional development and the emergence of disparities in development between the regions of the country and to identify disparities in levels of spatial development. At the planning level, there have been many studies and mathematical and statistical models to analyze variance and clarify its dimensions and to measure the degree of developmental disparity between Regions and means of narrowing this problem and the development of policies and strategies for develo