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Transcriptomic Reanalysis Reveals Complement, Circadian, and Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Remodeling in <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>-Induced Innate Immune Memory in Human Monocytes
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The commensal bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is recognized for its ability to cause a state of innate immune memory in monocytes, characterized by the tolerogenic phenotype and lowered pro-inflammatory responses. This study provides an extensive re-examination of the transcriptomic dataset originating from human CD14 + monocytes primed with live or heat-killed L. plantarum (GSE159496). Using a computational approach, 1,954 differentially expressed gene calls that corresponded to 1,397 unique genes were obtained through three pairwise comparisons. In addition, several novel biological pathways that were not investigated in the original study were discovered. Priming with live L. plantarum resulted in a marked downregulation of the complement system (12.5% decrease in its module score, p < 0.001), indicating an important mechanism of immune evasion. Additionally, a significant alteration of the circadian rhythm pathway was revealed, indicating its connection to metabolic time management in sustaining long-term immune tolerance. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling was coordinately repressed, with 17 pathway genes—including the receptors TLR2 and TLR8—significantly downregulated in live primed cells (p.adjust = 3.0 × 10–6 ). Other significantly modulated novel pathways included a downregulation of glycosylation and post-translational modifications (−13.2%, p < 0.01) and an upregulation of amino acid sensing/mTOR signaling (+11%, p < 0.001) and xenobiotic detoxification (+12%, p < 0.01). These findings point to a multi-layered adaptive response where L. plantarum not only dampens canonical inflammatory signaling but also actively remodels cellular processes related to pathogen recognition, metabolic sensing, and stress responses. This reanalysis provides a more granular model of probiotic-induced immune memory.   Received: 24 June 2026 | Revised: 6 August 2026 | Accepted: 15 September 2026   Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.   Data Availability Statement The data analyzed in this study are publicly available in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus under accession GSE159496: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE159496. This study reanalyzed existing data and generated no new experimental data. The analysis scripts are deposited at https://github.com/ahmedalfahad/L-plantarum-innate-memory-reanalysis.   Author Contribution Statement Hanan Yassin Muhsin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Azhaar Raheem Hussein AL-Fartwsy: Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing. Amenah Hussein Mousa: Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing, Visualization. Ahmed AbdulJabbar Suleiman: Conceptualization, Software, Validation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Supervision, Project administration.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Variables (Bias-cut) of Tailoring and their Effect on the Quality of Fitting the Standard Pattern for Large-Shaped Iraqi Ladies: رشا علي صالح , بشرى فاضل صالح التميمي
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The present research is descriptive and analytical by nature; it practically presents the method of implementing the standard pattern in an unconventional way using the bias-cut line. The study aims at investigating the variables of bias-cut and their suitability for fitting large-shaped Iraqi ladies. It also aims at exploring the artistic and innovative features of the bias-cut. Therefore, one needs to understand the rules and basics of clothing and the nature of the body to reach the maximum degree of control.Consequently, the study is to answer the following questions: What is the effectiveness of tailoring on the bias-cut in fitting a standard template of a large-shaped Iraqi ladies? Is it possible to obtain from the offered possibil

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analsis of politic behavior and its impact on displaying the continuousness of organizational trust mantainance ,applied research of a sample of AL-farouq State Construction contracting company Employees
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The research aims to know the concept of politic behavior as one of the important behaviours in the different fields and sectors. It is considered to be part of the organizatial work to face the expected  risks. It includes two group of factors personal (self –monitors, locus of control ,expectation s of success, perceived job alternatives)and organizational(promotion ,division resources,role  ambiguity ,democratic decision)studied by the researcher  in the frame of the relationship with the variable  of display  continuous trust matain which includes two variable (build trust mantain, display  trust continuouness)through applied frame by random sample consists of (90)employee  at Farouq State

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2026
Journal Name
Hybrid Advances
Thermodynamic and kinetic insight into the corrosion protection of carbon steel by polymer/nanocomposite coatings derived from electropolymerized (Z)-4-(naphthalen-1-ylamino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid
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Publication Date
Thu Nov 27 2025
Journal Name
Frontiers In Robotics And Ai
Design of modified fractional-order PID controller for lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot based on an improved elk herd hybridized with grey wolf and multi-verse optimization algorithms
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Rehabilitation robots are widely recognized as vital for restoring motor function in patients with lower-limb impairments. A Modified Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (MFOPID) controller is proposed to improve trajectory tracking of a 2-DoF Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Robot (LLRER). The classical FOPID is augmented with a modified control formulation by which steady-state error is reduced and the transient response is sharpened. Controller gains and fractional orders were tuned offline using a hybrid metaheuristic Improved Elk Herd Optimization hybridized with Grey Wolf and Multi-Verse Optimization algorithms (IElk-GM) so that exploration and exploitation are balanced. Superiority over the classical FOPID

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Explore the Impact of Surfactant Type on the Stability and Separation Efficiency of Oil–Water Emulsions of Real Wastewater from Al-Basrah Crude Oil Using Microbubble Air Flotation
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Among several separation processes, the air flotation distinguish as remarkably high potential separation process related to its high separation efficiency and throughput, energy-efficient, simple process, cost-effective, applicable to a wide range of oily wastewater and no by-products. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the type and concentration of surfactant on the stability of oil-water emulsion and efficiency of the separation process. For this purpose, three types of surfactant where used (anionic SDS, mixed nonionic Span 85/Tween 80, and cationic CTAB). The results demonstrated that the Span 85/Tween 80 surfactant has the best stability, and it increases with the surfactant concentration augmentation. The removal ef

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
Journal Name
Energy Storage
Comprehensive Study of <scp>PAN</scp>‐<scp>NaBF<sub>4</sub></scp> Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Insights Into Optical, Structural, Thermal, Electrical, and Electrochemical Properties for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
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ABSTRACT<p>This research explores the use of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) as a conductive medium for sodium ions in sodium‐ion batteries, presenting a possible alternative to traditional lithium‐ion battery technology. The researchers prepare SPEs with varying molecular weight ratios of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF<sub>4</sub>) using a solution casting method with dimethyl formamide as the solvent. Through optical absorbance measurements, we identified the PAN:NaBF<sub>4</sub> (80:20) SPE composition as having the lowest energy band gap value (4.48 eV). This composition also exhibits high thermal stability based on thermogravimetric analysis results. </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Spectroscopy, Biological Activities and Thermodynamic Studies of New Complexes of Some Metal Ions with 2-[5-(2-Hydroxy-Phenyl)- 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Ylimino]-Methyl-Naphthalen-1-Ol]
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This study describes the preparation of new series of tetra-dentate N2O2 dinuclear complexes (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+) of the Schiff base derived from condensation of 1-Hydroxy-naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole. The structures of the ligands were identified using IR, UV-Vis , mass,  elemental analysis and 1H-NMR techniques. All prepared complexes have been characterized by conductance measurement, magnetic susceptibility, electronic spectra, infrared spectrum, theromgravimatric analysis (TGA) and metal analysis by atomic absorption. From stoichiometry of metal to ligand and all measurements show a octahedral geometry proposed for all

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 02 2020
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Efficacies from Some New Dinuclear Metal Complexes for Base 3-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-[(2-hydroxy-3-methylperoxy-benzylidene)-amino]-2-methyl Propionic Acid
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The reaction of methyldopa with o-vanillin in refluxing ethanol afforded Schiff base and characterized through physical analysis with a number of spectra also the study of biological activity. The geometry of the Schiff base was identified through using (C.H.N) analysis, Mass, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy. Metal complexes of Cr3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ with Schiff base have been prepared in the molar ratio 2:1 (Metal:L), (L = Schiff base ligand) except Hg2+ at molar ratio 1:1 (Hg:L). The prepared complexes were characterized by using Mass, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral studies, on other than magnetic properties and flame atomic absorption, conductivity measurements. According to the results a dinuclear octahe

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Separation Science And Technology
Green synthesis of graphene-coated sand (GCS) using low-grade dates for evaluation and modeling of the pH-dependent permeable barrier for remediation of groundwater contaminated with copper
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Case Studies In Construction Materials
Experimental study of temperature effect on the mechanical tensile fatigue of hydrated lime modified asphalt concrete and case application for the analysis of climatic effect on constructed pavement
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Previous experimental studies have suggested that hot mixed asphalt (HMA) concrete using hydrated lime (HL) to partially replace the conventional limestone dust filler at 2.5% by the total weight of all aggregates showed an optimum improvement on several key mechanical properties, fatigue life span and moisture susceptibility. However, so far, the knowledge of the thermal response of the modified asphalt concrete and thermal influence on the durability of the pavement constructed are still relatively limited but important to inform pavement design. This paper, at first, reports an experimental study of the tensile fatigue life of HMA concrete mixes designed for wearing layer application. Tests were conducted under three different temperatur

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