Trialeurodes irakensis sp. n. is describe and illustrated from Iraq. T.vaporariorurn (westwood)
is reported and for the first time for the Iraqi fauna. A ke to species of Trialeurodes found in
Iraq is presented.

Digital change detection is the process that helps in determining the changes associated with land use and land cover properties with reference to geo-registered multi temporal remote sensing data. In this research change detection techniques have been employed to detect the changes in marshes in south of Iraq for two period the first one from 1973 to 1984 and the other from 1973 to 2014 three satellite images had been captured by land sat in different period. Preprocessing such as geo-registered, rectification and mosaic process have been done to prepare the satellite images for monitoring process. supervised classification techniques such maximum likelihood classification has been used to classify the studied area, change detection aft

This study includes a detailed morphological description of Cosmina baghdadensis sp. nov.
from Iraq.
Many characters are used in identification especially chaetotaxy and male genetalia.
Locality, host plant, and data of collection were given.

This research includes a detaile description of new species Rhyncomya irakensis sp. nov.
from Iraq.
Localities distribution, host plants and data of collection were recorded.

Based on collections made during March to September 2012. A totals of 58 species belong to 33 genera were identified from extra north to extra south of Erbil governorate, among them 30 species are registered as a new record to flora of Iraq. Most attention was paid to the most common and abundant lichens that present almost in most locations, which were Collema cristatum, Diploschistes scruposus, Lecanora dispersa, Lecanora murales, Pertusaria flavicunda, Placidium lacinulatum, Thelomma californicum and Verrucaria Maura.

The public procurement crisis in Iraq plays a fundamental role in the delay in the implementation of construction projects at different stages of project bidding (pre, during, and after). The procurement system of any country plays an important role in economic growth and revival. The paper aims to use the fuzzy logic inference model to predict the impact of the public procurement crisis (relative importance index and Likert scale) was carried out at the beginning to determine the most important parameters that affect construction projects, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to set up, and finally, the fuzzy decision maker's (FDM) verification of the parameter for comparison with reality. Sixty-five