لقد اخذ موضوع المياه حيزا كبيرا في كتابات الباحثين وصناع القرار على المستوى العالمي والعربي والمحلي لاسيما في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة لاسباب كثيرة منها ما هو متعلق بندرة هذا المورد، والذي يقابله زيادة في الطلب مع تزايد اعداد السكان وارتفاع مستوى معيشتهم اذ تزداد الحاجة اكثر للمياه فضلا عن استخدامها في مجالات الزراعة والصناعة والاحتياجات المنزلية مما يجعلها عنصرا ضروريا وحيويا في حياة المجتمعات، كما وتعد الموارد المائية لاسيما التي تشترك فيها اكثر من دولة مصدرا من مصادر النزاع والتوتر بين الدول وستشكل حلبة الصراع المستقبلي تحت مسمى (حرب المياه) فهنالك العديد من الدراسات العالمية التي اهتمت بالادارة الاستراتيجية للموارد المائية واخذت كل دراسة جانبا معينا بحسب الاولوية التي يراها الباحثون في تشخيص المشكلة مما يؤكد ازمة المياه على المستوى العالمي. لقد تباينت آراء الباحثين في عرض استراتيجيات ادارة الموارد المائية فمنهم من اعطى الاولوية لاصحاب المصلحة في حل المشكلة والبعض الآخر ركز على التحليل البيئي وآخرون بينوا اهمية الادارة الداخلية الصارمة وغيرهم وجدوا ان المحور القانوني والسياسي هو الاهم في الاستراتيجيات لاسيما في الموارد المائية التي تشترك فيها اكثر من دولة وذهب البعض الى ان المحاسبة المائية وبصمة المياه كفيلة في السيطرة على ادارة الموارد المائية وعدوها محورا مهما في الادارة المتكاملة للموارد المائية. وفي العراق فان مشكلة المياه مركبة تتكون من مجمل المحاور السابقة وهذا يتطلب صياغة استراتيجية مبنية على تحليل دقيق لهذه العوامل للخروج بخيار استراتيجي يتناسب وحجم هذه التحديات لمعالجة هذه الازمة الخطيرة وبالتالي فان اختيارنا للدراسات العالمية والعربية والمحلية المشابهة لحالة العراق سيسهم في توضيح الاستراتيجية المقترحة اختصارا للجهد والوقت وذلك من خلال تحليل الاستراتيجيات مدار البحث للاستفادة منها في رسم ملامح الاستراتيجية العراقية.
This study deals with air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anatomical variation in leaves of two species of terrestrial plants Ficus sp. and Conocarpus sp. that have bee commonly the separated along roadsides in many stations within Babylon province. APTI values of both species were less than 10 during study period which represented sensitivity of these plants to air pollution. There are Anatomical responses to pollution in the leaves of both studied species. Main adaptations included increased thickness of parenchyma cell walls with clear dark deposits in sections of Ficus sp. from sections of stations 2 and 4 which represent polluted stations. Conocarpus sp. main adaptation included stomata increased in density and decreased in size w
... Show MoreKamil, S.H. 2024. Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus on Some Biological Aspects of the Fig Moth, Ephestia cautella. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(3): 377-381. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001245 This study evaluated the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of lemongrass on the third instar larvae of the date moth Ephestia cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The results obtained showed that there were toxic effects of aqueous extract, which produced the highest mortality rate of 43.35% at 5% concentration72 hours after treatment, whereas the lowest mortality rate of 17% was obtained at 0.5% concentration, 72 hours after treatment. The LC50 was 0.082%. The results indicated
... Show MoreReaction of  p-fluoro benzoic acid with the thiosemicarbazide and salcialdehyde gave the new bidentate ligand .The prepared ligand Identified by FT-I.R and U.V-Visible spectcopic technique .Treatment of the prepared   ligand   with following metal ions  M=Tb(III),Eu(III),Nd(III) and La(III) ,in ethanol with a (1:1) M:L ratio and at pH=7 yielded series of neutral complexes as the general formula  [M LCl (H O ]. The prepared complexes were characterized using (FT-IR, UV-Vis) spectra , melting point, molar conductivity measurements . chloride ion content were also evolution by (mhor method) . The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2004) .
The rubber ropes exercises affected muscle groups, which in turn affects the corners of the conditions of the body before and over the barrier where affected the time passed. To change the angle of the approaching and payment impact on passing each times the barrier 1-5. That passed over the barrier 1and gate 5 impacts on the nature of the achievement, where time has become less. Find the values of cruise missiles and other phases and stages of pitch angle other categories which it enshrines stood as compelling rejection men's 110m hurdles. Find the value of the instant messaging distances between different barriers and stages. Studies by adding rubber sling barriers race categories, measurement of kinematic variables. Emphasis on the devel
... Show MoreAbstract The present study was Conducted to evaluate the effect of amixture of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( Glomus etunicatum , G. leptotichum and Rhizophagus intraradices ) in Influence on the percentage of the components of NPK and protein of tomato leaves and roots infected with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici wich cause Fusarial wilt disease , planted for 8 weeks in the presence of the organic matter ( peatmose) , using pot cultures in aplastic green house , Results indicated significant increase in the percentage of the elements of NK and protein of tomato leaves and roots In the control treatment (C), While the percentage of the element P was after infection with the pathogen 4 weaks after mycorrhiza
... Show MoreThis study aims to identify the anxiety pregnant women have of dying, in the light of some Demographic variables in Bethlehem (age, residence, and the mother's job). The descriptive method was used in this study. To achieve the study purposes, the researchers developed a questionnaire as a tool of study, which consisted of (19) paragraphs ,after been verified of its validity & stability.
The researchers distributed questionnaires, and then analyzed them. Results illustrated that the levels of anxiety pregnant women in Bethlehem had of dying was average, with a mean total score of (3.11), and with a standard deviation that had the total score of (0.476). Results also illustrated statistical differences in the pregn
... Show MoreThe research work was conducted to investigate the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of turmeric at doses of (5, 10) mg/kg body weight for two weeks daily by determining the genotoxic effect (mitotic index), evaluation of immunological effect (IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4) and measuring fertility hormones (follicles stimulation hormone/FSH, lutenising hormone/LH) levels with histological examinations of female albino swiss mice ovaries in comparison with control (normal saline). A clear effect in increasing mitotic activity was reveled for both doses in comparison with control. Results also showed a significant increase in the value of all immunological parameters at both doses, in comparison with control. Also, obvious raise was se
... Show Morehe study aimed to purify of Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) from sera of hyperthyroidism patients and its relation to some thyroid hormones (TSH, T 3 , T 4 ) of subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism patients with lipid peroxidation levels that may be play a role in this diseases. Specimens were collected during the time from Nov 2017 until Jan 2018 from Endocrine and Diabetes Center, blood samples were collected from fifty healthy control and one hundred patients, patients were divided into two groups consisted of (50) with hyperthyroidism and (50) with subclinical hyperthyroidism. The aged for all subjects ranged (15-60) years with body mass ranged ((25- 29) kg/m 2 . The purification is done by addition of ammonium sulfate, dial
... Show MoreThe experiment was conducted to study the effect of leaves extract of Salvia sclarea , Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris with 10% and 30% concentration on germination of seeds and growth of seedlings . The effect of these extracts on infection percentage of seeds decay and surface growth of Rhizoctonia solani . The results showed that the three extracts effected significantly to reduced percentage of seeds germination, acceleration of germination , promoter indicator , infection percentage of seeds decay and surface growth of R. solani especially in 30% concentration .