Background: A successful endodontic treatment is aimed at the sterilization of the entire pulp space. The use of extracts from Rhamnus prinoides as a novel irrigating material for root canal has not been studied . Hence, the antimicrobial efficacy of the alcoholic extract of Rhamnus prinoides as an irrigation material against E. faecalis was evaluated in comparison with the 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) solution used for root canals of permanent teeth. Methods: A total of 30 single-rooted human permanent teeth were thoroughly cleaned, shaped, and disinfected. Then, each tooth was subjected to a two-week infection with Enterococcus faecalis at 37 °C . Afterward, the samples were divided into three groups (10 teeth per group): 0.9% normal saline, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, and 250 µg/ml Rhamnus prinoides. Paper points were used before and after irrigation to collect samples. Bacterial growth was evaluated after 24 h. Bacterial colonies were counted. The data were examined statistically via one-way analysis of variance, Dunnett’s T3 post hoc test, and Shapiro–Wilk test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 250 µg/ml Rhamnus prinoides demonstrated higher effectiveness against biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis than normal saline (p<0.05). The percentage of antibacterial effectiveness were 94.094 ±3.342, 93.685 ±5.280, and 25.603 ±3.912. Conclusions: Rhamnus prinoides, when used as root canal irrigant solution, was effective the sodium hypochlorite against the E. faecalis biofilm.
We aimed to obtain magnesium/iron (Mg/Fe)-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanoparticles-immobilized on waste foundry sand-a byproduct of the metal casting industry. XRD and FT-IR tests were applied to characterize the prepared sorbent. The results revealed that a new peak reflected LDHs nanoparticles. In addition, SEM-EDS mapping confirmed that the coating process was appropriate. Sorption tests for the interaction of this sorbent with an aqueous solution contaminated with Congo red dye revealed the efficacy of this material where the maximum adsorption capacity reached approximately 9127.08 mg/g. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models helped to describe the sorption measure
In this research, a detailed finite-element (FE) analysis of the combined influence of the drilled-hole position, the shape of the hole, and the fillet design on the structural and dynamic performance of spur gears is investigated. ANSYS R16.2 was used to create a three-dimensional numerical model that can be used to assess the bending stress distribution and vibration response under realistic loading conditions. A trochoidal fillet and four circular fillet radii (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm) were studied to determine their effect on the stress concentration behavior. FE-guided hole-suggestion process was introduced which is an automated process in which low-stress zones to be cut away are identified so as to allo
... Show MoreThis study presents, for the first time, an innovative Jet Plasma-assisted technique for the green synthesis of TiO₂@Ag core–shell nanoparticles using chard leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The Jet Plasma provides a highly energetic environment that accelerates nucleation and core–shell formation at low temperatures without toxic precursors. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited uniform and stable structures, as confirmed by comprehensive characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis. XRD patterns confirmed the crystalline anatase
... Show MoreAn experiment was conducted in pots under field conditions during fall seasons of 2017 and 2018. This study aimed to improve a weak growth of seedlings under salt stress in sorghum. Three factors were studied. 1st factor was three cultivars (Inqath, Rabeh, and Buhoth70). 2nd factor was seed priming (primed and unprimed seed). Seed were primed by soaking for 12 hours in a solution containing 300 + 70 mg L−1 of gibberellic (GA3) and salicylic (SA) acids, respectively. 3rd factor was irrigation with saline water (6, 9 and 12 dS m−1) resulting from dissolving sodium chloride in distilled water in addition to control treatment (distilled water). Randomized complete block design was used with four replications. In both seasons: the results sh
... Show MoreNew derivatives of Schiff bases were synthesized from the aldehyde derivative (Ma2) which was produced by reacting the mefenamic acid (Ma) with thionyl chloride to obtain the acid halide derivative (Ma1). Compound (Ma1) was dissolved in DMF and mixed with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde which was previously dissolved with pyridine to obtain the aldehyde derivative (Ma2). In the final step, derivatives of Schiff bases were synthesized by reacting the aldehyde (Ma2) with a number of different aromatic primary amines in the presence of glacial acetic acid to obtain the new derivatives Ma [3-10]. The new prepared compounds were characterized by melting points and with spectral data FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 1H-MNR (some of them). The vital effectiven
... Show MoreThe present study considers to confirming the applicability of flow with double-sided square lid driven cavity flow by using the lattice Boltzmann equation with moment-based boundary conditions for no slip boundaries. The boundary conditions are applied over the hydrodynamic moments of the lattice Boltzmann equations locally at each node. The investigation is carried out numerically for both single and multiple relaxation time models. To simulate two-sided lid driven-cavity flow, the top and bottom walls are moving with constant velocity while other walls are stationary. Various Reynolds numbers are used in a range of 100 and up to 5000. The present method shows the effect of the moving boundaries on the two symmetrical cavities t
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