Let R be a ring and let M be a left R-module. In this paper introduce a small pointwise M-projective module as generalization of small M- projective module, also introduce the notation of small pointwise projective cover and study their basic properties.
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Some species, such as the Eurasian Collared-Dove (S. decaocto) are fast expanding around the planet, while others, such as the European Turtle-Dove (S. turtur), are experiencing precipitous population declines. Climate change, habitat loss, greater cultivated areas, and hunting pressure are the major threats to the diversity of Streptopelia. A few species require urgent conservation action. Priority for subsequent research should be to redress outstanding taxonomic uncertainties, ascertain the effect of climate change on distributions, and put in place conservation measures for declining taxa. We provide here a detailed review on how it is possible to understand the diversity of Streptopelia and how such an understanding can con

This study represents an attempt to develop a model that demonstrates the relationship between HRM Practices, Governmental Support and Organizational performance of small businesses. Furthermore, this study assay to unfold the socalled “Black Box” to clarify the ambiguous relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance by considering the pathway of logical sequence influence. The model of this study consists two parts, the first part devoted to examining the causal relationships among HRM practices, employees’ outcomes, and organizational performance. The second part assesses the direct relationship between the governmental support and organizational performance. It is hypothesized that HRM practices positively influ

The purpose of the search definition on factors superior this whoever  impact on the improvement the exploitation  decision this  detect on stock exchange markets  assumption , and using  questioners to data accumulate  and the Iraq market of financial papers  battleground to search annoy chose the eyeball extension (47) peoples from peoples employees on the market , and using the bought statistic program (SPSS) on input and analysis search  data , and machinate the search outputs to their group of factors internal and external which impact on exploitation  decision on financial papers markets , and the search commend on necessary rise  the incumbency direction  in the stock exchange

The current research focuses on a major problem: the weak role of disclosing corporate information in the application of laws, regulations and instructions related to the application of corporate governance principles weakens the ability to protect the rights of shareholders and investors in companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange and the study aims to study and analyze the role of disclosure and transparency in achieving the necessary protection to ensure the rights of shareholders. The study was applied to a sample of (42) analysis samples representing (84%) of the total questionnaires distributed to investors and shareholders in all listed companies in the Iraqi Stock Exchange. The results confirm the shareholder's right to obtai

The current research aims to identify the contributions of small income-generating projects in theempowerment of rural women in Nineveh Governorate ,Al-Hamdaniya district, as a simplerandom sample was drawn from the research community of 280 respondents , according to theRobert Mason equation at the level of significance 0.05, so the sample size was 162 respondents,i.e. a percentage 58% collected the necessary data using a questionnaire prepared as a basic toolfor data collection consisting of 20 items distributed on two axes ,and the results of the researchwere analyzed and presented using the spss statistical program, as well as manual analysis usingrepetitions, the weighted mean, the standard deviation, and the percentage weight. And the

This research is based on the descriptive and analytical methodology. The importance of studying labor laws and labor unions in Japan between 1889 and 1946 constitutions is because Japan was out of a feudal phase, and had no idea about the factory system and industrialization in their modern sense before the Meiji era. Generally, its labor system used to be mostly familial, and the economic system was based on agriculture. This called for the enactment of legislations and laws appropriate for the coming phase in Meiji era. Thus, this paper examines the role of Meiji government in enacting labor legislations and laws when he came to power in 1896, and his new constitution in 1889 and the civil code of 1896. It further examines the way Mei