Background: Most adult smokers start smoking regularly some time before 18 years of age. Cigarette smoking is a major ‘preventable’ cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is well-known that smoking has hazardous effect on many systems like pulmonary and cardiovascular system.

Objectives: Study the prevalence of smoking among school pupils according to the mode of smoking, age, school grade, school environment and possible health risk associated with smoking. Type of the study: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: Study was conducted between 1st of March 2014 to 30th of May 2014 at Al-Doura/Al- Kurkh/Baghdad by using convenient sample, including all pupils from 6 schools. The schools were 2 secondary schools, 3 in

This research for university students dialectic unemployment and work, focusing on
serious discussion, accurate and provide opinions between specialists and those interested in
the university youth issues and identify them in the light of the dialectical relationship
between unemployment and work for the purpose interpreted accurate and access to reality
without coverage and linked to the movement of the changing society now and the situation
that is happening in Iraq, where the loss of the safety and the weakness of the determinants of
economic well-being and the decline of public and social health and the unemployment rate
security in the heart of - programs - and blocs parties that Tgtill public opinion in any

Background: In Iraqi communities, the workers considered the largest population groups, so increasing their dental education by increasing the care for their dental health knowledge and behavior is very important, the present study was aimed to evaluate the gingival health and oral hygiene in relation to knowledge and behavior among a group of a workers selected randomly from Al Fedaa company in Baghdad city. Materials and methods: A sample of 110 workers (65 men and 45 women) included in this study, a questionnaire used to evaluate their oral health knowledge and behavior. The gingival health condition of the workers was examined by using Loe and Silness index (1963), Silness and Loe index (1964) was used to asses plaque quantity, and Ramf

That the main feature of  the economics many countries in general is a tendency towards defining the role of the public sector in economic activity and the tendency towards encourage the private sector to investment in public projects especially in countries those tendency towards market economy actually.

That increased economic development proven failure in achieving more economic growth both individually in many countries especially developing countries socialist, by researchers this led one way or another to direction of corrective reforms in their economic was one of them in Transformation of public companies into Shareholding companies contributes to the public sector in resources and expertise

This research deals with the role that the media can play in spreading awareness, culture and sound behavior among members of society, due to its ability to reach the largest number of individuals; its wide spread within society; and the moral responsibility of the media in consolidating the components of civil peace. The media works on forming intellectual convictions and behavioral attitudes by publishing opinions and ideas, introducing them to people's awareness and enhancing them in the practice of their daily lives, he was its media medium. Sociologists and psychologists confirm that the media. The significance of the research comes due to the broadening of violence and sectarian fighting; the absence of a culture of civil social pe

Achieving goals effectively reflects the success of the institution. However, unless this indicator is coupled with efficiency when achieving goals, the institution will be equal in its achievements, and distinction will remain unachieved. Perhaps the role of the teaching staff in pushing the institution or college towards brilliance focuses on their ability to motivate people on the one hand and their interest in achieving brilliance for the institution. On the other hand, the importance of the research lies in the institution’s reaching a prominent position through the brilliance and creativity of teaching and achieving competition between institutions that make it more brilliance. The study seeks to achieve the goal of the real

The current research aims to identify the psychological well-being of the educational counselors, as well as to identify the significance of differences in psychological well-being according to the variables (gender, duration of service). The number of scale's items reached (42) items distributed evenly on six dimensions (autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationships with others, purpose in life, self-acceptance), for each field (7) items. The scale was applied to a sample of (400) school counselors (male-female) who were randomly selected from the six directorates in the Baghdad governorate for the academic year 2020/2021. The results showed that the educational counselors in the Baghdad governorate for the si

The research aims to show the relationship between the use of automated accounting systems technology and its impact on enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the internal control system in a sample of Bahraini universities in light of the rapid changes in the                                       electronic business environment. Automated accounting and its impact on enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the internal control system, and it is concluded through the analytical study of the research sample that there is a percenta