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A comparative study between tongue thickness measured by ultrasonography and thyromental distance in anticipation of difficult intubation
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Background & objective: Difficult intubation remains a risk for patients undergoing general anesthesia (GA) or mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit (ICU). Macroglossia is a known factor for difficult intubation. But it is not routine to assess the tongue size to predict difficult intubation. Studies are found deficient in comparing usefulness of measuring thyromental distance and the tongue thickness (TT) measured by ultrasonography to estimate difficult intubation. We compared tongue thickness measured by ultrasonography and thyromental distance as a means to anticipate difficult intubation. Methodology: A convenient sample of 60 patients; 32 males and 28 females, who were undergoing elective surgery with GA were included. Thyro-mental distance (TMD), along with tongue thickness (TT) were measured consecutively in each patient in a transitional room. After induction of GA, Cormack Lehane (CL) score was assessed for all patients to detect difficult intubation. Results: Thyro-mental distance was significantly reduced in patients with difficult intubation, while the reverse was in the measurement of tongue thickness; where patients with difficult intubation had significantly a greater TT than those with no difficult intubation. TT measurement had significantly higher sensitivity and specificity (38%, and 96% respectively; P = 0.002) than thyro-mental distance in the detection of difficult intubation. Conclusion: In this study we demonstrated that there was statistically significant inverse relationship of thyro-mental distance on CL, and statistically significant direct relationship of tongue thickness on CL. The results showed that tongue thickness was more effective to detect difficult intubation. Abbreviations: CL - Cormack Lehane; TMD - Thyro-mental distance; TT - Tongue thickness; Keywords: Tongue Thickness; Thyromental Distance; Difficult Intubation Citation: Kadhim AB, Hamid GR. A comparative study between tongue thickness measured by ultrasonography and thyromental distance in anticipation of difficult intubation. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):431−435; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2465 Received: March 16, 2024; Reviewed: March 29, 2024; Accepted: March 31, 2024      

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The mechanisms of the actor's work between performance and directing style in the contemporary theater show (Western) as a model
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The actor has mechanisms that were applied in the performance، as it formed a style in the theatrical form (weird)، and the researcher deliberately studied these mechanisms and divided them into four chapters.

The researcher divided it into two sections، the first is the actor's performance requirements، and the second is the boring performance methods in the directors' theater، and then the researcher concluded the second chapter with the most important indicators.

As for the third chapter، the researcher determined the society of his research and the method of selecting the sample (strange) and analyzing the sample and concluded with the most important results of the sample analysis.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Experimental And Applied Biomedical Research (eabr)
Correlation Between Ultrasound BI-Rads 4 Breast Lesions and Fine Needle Cytology Categories in a Sample of Iraqi Female Patients
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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in female and the most registered cause of women’s mortality worldwide. BI-RADS 4 breast lesions are associated with an exceptionally high rate of benign breast pathology and breast cancer, so BI-RADS 4 is subdivided into 4A, 4B and 4C to standardize the risk estimation of breast lesions. The aim of the study: to evaluate the correlation between BI-RADS 4 subdivisions 4A, 4B & 4C and the categories of reporting FNA cytology results. A case series study was conducted in the Oncology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from September 2018 to September 2019. Included patients had suspicious breast findings and given BI-RADS 4 (4A, 4B, or 4C) in the radiological report accordingly. Fine needle aspirati

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 30 2022
Journal Name
Biomedical Research And Therapy
Association between anti-collagen type II autoantibodies and the acute rheumatoid arthritis phenotype in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 04 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Dentistry
Comparison between Rolled and Nonrolled U-Shaped Flap in the Second Stage of Dental Implant Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
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Background. The presence of black triangles around the dental implant-supported prosthesis and the failure to construct adequate papillae around them bothers dental implantologists. Peri-implant surgical soft tissue management will improve esthetics, function, and implant survival. Aim. To compare the effects of rolled and nonrolled U-shaped flaps combined with a temporary crown in enhancing the soft tissue around dental implants. Materials and Methods. Forty patients were included in this study; all patients were operated on by the same maxillofacial surgeon at Al-Iraq specialized dental clinics from January 2019 to January 2020. Patients were divided randomly into two groups: group A: at the second stage of implant surgery, a U-sh

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The comparative method in Maupassant’s (A woman’s Life): Le système comparatif dans Une vie de Maupassant
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The comparative method plays a major role in Maupassant’s novel (A woman’s Life).This is due to a good theme choice and smooth writing style characterized by simplicity, spontaneity and brevity.

The author uses the comparative method in the introduction of his novel where he compares the monastery’s closed world to the open world of the countryside of La Normandie, which represents the dream life of the heroine Jeanne.

The present paper is an attempt to answer the question regarding the importance of applying the comparative method in the novel (A Woman’s Life) by Maupassant. The paper stresses the fact that the novelist employs the comparative method in his book for certain features .One of these features is the

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Comparative Analysis of the Fatty Acid Pattern of Silybum marianum with Nigella sativa by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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Many studied were conducted to evaluate the antihepatotoxic and antioxidant activities of Silybum marianum and proved these actions. The Naturally grown seed in Iraqi-Kurdistan Region also were studied for its chemical contents and biological activities. Vegetable oils occur in various plant parts mainly concentrated in the seeds.

In this study comparison was made between the fatty acid patterns of two plant seeds, Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa. Seed sample of Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa were exposed for extraction and isolation of the fatty acid contents using two different solvents (petroleum ether and n-hexane) at 60-80oC using soxhlet apparatus and the oily extract

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The relationship between social capital and knowledge sharing and their impact on improving the educational service quality: an analytical study of the views of a sample of academic staffs in the government universities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
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Abstract

This study aims to find the relationships between social capital (social network, social trust, shared goals) and knowledge sharing (knowledge Donating, knowledge collecting) as independent variables and their impact on improving the quality of educational services (academic staffs quality, Quality of teaching methods and study curriculums). This research is an important, because it attempts to identify the relationship between social capital and the knowledge sharing and their effect on improving the quality of educational service for universities. The study problem was determined in several questions related to the nature of the correlation relationship - the impact between the different independent variables (

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The moment of concluding the contract according to the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) (A comparative study with some Arab and foreign legislations)
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There are two ways that the contract might be formed with (contracting between persons who are attended and contracting between absence persons).the need for determining the precise moment of the contract , is so clear because there is a specify period separate between the declaration of acceptance and the knowledge with it .and it is clear from the four theories known for jurisprudence (theory of the declaration of the acceptance, theory of exporting the acceptance , theory of the arrival of the acceptance , theory of the knowledge with the acceptance ) . It is difficult to promote one theory on another one if we look at each one and the justification of its supporters and what the opponents of each theory expose. Legal background and diff

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Health Promotion Program for the Prevention of Epidemics at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City: Comparative Study
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Objective(s): To evaluate and compare between Health Promotion Program for the Prevention of Epidemics at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City.

Methodology: A descriptive study, using the evaluation and comparative approaches, is conducted to evaluate health promotion program for the prevention of epidemics at primary health care centers in baghdad city from October 15th  2019 through March 1st 2020. A purposive, non-probability, sample of (42) health promotion unit officers were recruited from the same number of primary health care centers which were divided into (14) main, (14) sub and (14) family medicine primary health care centers i

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 16 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effects of various beverages on the shear bond strength of light-cured orthodontic composite (An in vitro comparative study)
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Background: This study was conducted to assess the effects of various beverages on the shear bond strength of light-cured orthodontic composite used to bond stainless steel orthodontic brackets on human teeth and to determine the site of bonding failure of this material. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted human premolars were selected and randomly divided into five equal groups each with 10 teeth according to the beverage type (Control, One Tiger, Milk, Green tea and Coffee). After bonding, the teeth were immersed in specific beverages for 5 minutes twice daily with equal intervening intervals then washed and stored in distilled water at 37º C for the reminder of the day. The process was carried out for 30 days. The samples were then

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