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A comprehensive review of drivers influencing flu vaccine acceptance in the Middle East over the last six years: using Health Belief Model
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

The objectives of this study were to review the literature covering the perceptions about influenza vaccines in the Middle East and to determine factors influencing the acceptance of vaccination using Health Belief Model (HBM).

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed utilizing PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Three keywords were used: Influenza vaccine, perceptions and Middle East. Empirical studies that dealt with people/healthcare worker (HCW) perceptions of influenza vaccine in the Middle East and written in English were included. The search covered articles published between January 2015 and November 2020.

Key Findings

A total of 34 cross-sectional studies covering a total of 35 518 participants from 22 countries were included in this review. The overall influenza vaccination rates were generally low (&lt;50%) among general population, particularly among pregnant women and children. HCWs had relatively higher vaccination rates compared with general population. Old age, health comorbidities or working in high-risk environments were noted as major motivators to receive the vaccine. Concerns about adverse reactions and the lack of vaccine efficacy were the most predominant reported barriers to receiving the vaccines. Lastly, cues to actions included receiving advice from HCWs, influence of institutional requirement, awareness/educational pamphlets and influence from the media.

Summary

The HBM can be helpful in identifying and analysing motivators and barriers to vaccination. Additionally, by looking at the root causation, this model can help plan campaigns to increase vaccination rates in the region. Finally, we recommend empowering HCWs to proactively advocate for vaccination as part of preventive care.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to Study the Change Detection in Temperature and Surface Area of Hamrin Lake
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This study was conducted on Lake Hamrin situated in Diyala governorate, focal Iraq, between latitudes 44º 53ʹ 26.16 '- 45º 07 ʹ 28.03ʺ and 34º 04ʹ 24.75ʺ ــ 34º 19ʹ 12.74ʺ . As in this study, the surface area of Hamrin Lake was calculated from satellite images during the period from October 2019 to September 2020, with an average satellite image for each month, furthermore,by utilizing the Normalized Differences Water Index (NDWI), the largest surface area was 264,617 km2 for October and the lowest surface area 140.202 km2 for September. The surface temperature of the lake water was also calculated from satellite images of the Landsat 8 satellite, based on ban

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Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A proposed guideline for auditing revenues in the Iraqi environment according to IFRS 15
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   Deficiencies in revenue-related accounting standards, including American accounting standards as well as international accounting standards, prompted the issuance of the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 15 "Revenue from contracts with customers" as part of the convergence plan between the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) according to the requirements of The joint venture between the two councils, whereby the standard aims to define the basis for reporting useful information to the users of the financial statements about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty about the revenues and cash flows arising from a contract with the customer, The standard is base

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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jan 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Use the target costing in Decrease costing a practical company far AL-Amal Industries
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The Target costing is an important modern techniques strategic managerial accounting.which is been shown active adoption to changes in contemporary business environments Inaddition,they had been adopted by the units as aresult of the growth in the strategic approach in the man agement..the goal of using target costing is to build and strengthen competitive abilities of economic units thvough introducing appropriate ways to decrease cost and improving quality of product The hypothesis reflects interest in achieving the goal of the research,ie.research question,The hypothesis use target costing to assist economic units to decrease cost and in the manner that leads to competitive advantages while surviving and flourishing in current busines

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Dystopian Future: Social Oppression and Religious Extremism in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale
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Many literary research papers have dealt with the work of Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985) as a feminist work. However, nearly few studies combine social oppression with religious extremism. To bridge this gap, the present study aims at exploring the use of totalitarian theocracy of terror to oppress its citizens in the name of religion. In other words, it explicates the way religion is used to brutally suppress and exploit people in general and vulnerable women in particular. To meet this objective, the study adopted the qualitative descriptive method to describe how religion is used as a contradictory controlling means in Gilead discourse. It also adopted the Foucault theory in analyzing the data of the study, illu

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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Performance Series Performance Metrics (*) A case study in the General Company for Cotton Industries
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The problem of the research is focused on importance limited of Iraq industrial companies in application of scientific measurements of supply chains performance,  The research sought to achieve a group of goals, the most important are , identifying the strengths and weaknesses in the reality of supply chain in General Company for Cotton Industries, The data and information required are gathered from the dependence company, records through the field observations and personal interviews, the research used some quantitative indicators to measure of supply chain performance, The research reached to many conclusions , the most outstanding among them is the existence of a strong inverse correlatio

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Aljdhiran incision and rip and derivatives in the Qur'an: A statistical study morphological tag
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It is more beneficial science and created and the highest honor is the Koran Sciences, God has honored research in this fun science, came this research that shed the light on the radical incision, and Naughty derivatives as contained in the Koran, and illustrate the diversity of Saghma morphological, and fork them from derivatives what it entailed connotations, as well as the evacuation of cryptic in some of these verses from the biological secrets take minds newly exposed Anitrjt science under the name of scientific miracles.
The research methodology is revenue verse which included the word, and revenue lexical meaning and its meaning in the context of the Qur'an, and reflect the views of the commentators of the verse, and then the r

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2000
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
ON A NEW CESTODE FROM THE AVOCET RECUR VIROSTRA AVOCETTA L. COLLECTED IN IRAQ
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Several specimens of the avocet, Recurvirostra avocetta L. are found infected with
Himantocestus gigantivcus sp. nov. ( Cestoda , Diploposthidae) . This cestode is related to H.
blanksoni Ukoli 1965 but easily differentiated from it in having longer and wider strobila,
larger size of testes but lesser in number, cirrus situated in the middle of mature segment
histead of anterior third and slightly posterior to the middle in gravid segment instead of the
middle , ovary and vitelline gland are larger , and the uterus has more branches.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Bionatura
NDRG1 is being investigated as a possible bladder cancer biomarker in the Iraqi population.
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With 549,393 new cases recorded in 2018, bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Urinary bladder cancer is the cause of about 3 percent of all new cancer diagnoses and 2.1 percent of all cancer deaths. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1(NDRG1) as a biomarker for bladder cancer patients in the Iraqi population. One hundred individuals in the case-control study were enrolled and divided into two groups. The first group included 50 patients diagnosed with a bladder mass and investigated by undergoing cystoscopy examination for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB). The second group included 50 healthy individuals who had normal bladder tissue. The resul

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Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Alustath
"The Common Humanity That is in Us All": Earnest Gaines's (A Lesson before Dying)
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Gaines's A Lesson Before Dying (1993) is about more than the challenges associated with being blacking an Eurocentric society. Though Gaines positions the story within the context of the African American experience, its central theme investigates what it means to be human. The Afro-American writer Ernest Gaines consistently writes about people who face the problems of being denied humanity, dignity, and self-worth. The article illustrates one man's struggle to gain recognition of his humanity in the court (as his attorney insists on calling him a hog for a crime he did not commit) and how this recognition will initiate a change in the community.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Mechanics ofintertextuality in the series TV historical (mekhtarAlthagafi) a modelseries: سلوان بهاء كاظم الموسوي
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It was not coincidene that much talk about intertxtuality prescription phenomenon tzms the creative process but have directed their tracks beyond the litery taxs prior or contemporaneous as the mechanics of in tertexuality able to contain all the pattems of expression in literary texts and fee structures ofher text copable of understanding and in terpretaion especially as the phenomenon of in twrtexuality actually depends on the existence of Understanding and interpretation, especially as the phenomenon of intertextuality actually depends on the existence of systems indicative independent but carries processes rebuild text templates one way or another are included in the templates and visions of other intellectual, Mstmjh languages cultu

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