The study aimed to design a test of pre-writing skills for public kindergartens in Baghdad city. The test consisted of (25) items applied on a sample of (150) kindergarteners to identify these skills as well as to identify the significant difference between male and female children and if there is a difference between pre-school children and kindergarteners. The results showed the presence of pre-writing skills with a high degree in kindergarten children. The differences were clear in these skills between male and female children and those in pre-school than those in kindergartens. The researcher suggested a number of recommendations and proposals.

The study aims to measure life management (in its various approaches) among   university academics and to identify the differences among life management strategies (in its various approaches) in regard of gender (male, female), field of education (scientific, humanitarian) and title (assistant lecturer, lecturer, assistant professor, and professor). The study sample consisted of (246) male and female academics from four colleges (Arts, Science, Science education, and Humanitarian Science Education). To achieve the goals of the study, the researchers used the Freund & Baltes (2002) life-management strategies scale after translating it and determining its parameters of reliability and validity. The statistical analysis of the

   1-Identifying  the intellectual exertions have basic education faculty professors.

2-. Identifying the differences in intellectual exertions as a variable type (male-female) current research society is determined by the basic education college professors and both sexes Mustansiriyah University and academic year (2018-2019) and sample (200) textbook and teaching staff researcher has built a scale term This intellectual and extract his results showed statistical characteristics:-.  The College of basic education teachers suffer from stress. There were no differences between males and females in intellectual exertions.  Depending on the results, the researcher has developed a number of recommendations and

The childhood of the most important stages throughout the human and which have been more vulnerable to various factors surrounding it and with the scientific and cognitive development in all fields surfaced many psychological phenomena that play a large role in influencing children and their behavior trends is the susceptibility of the lure of psychological phenomena which plays a major role in the social attitudes of individuals it may not be predictable so that individuals vary in between them in terms of vulnerability Balasthoa You do this only _bl that the same individual at different influenced Balasthoa different depending on the positions and this was research to achieve its objectives and that are known:
_ alasthoa The childre

The research aims at:- 1- Measuring the self-image of the elderly. 2- Measuring the depression of the elderly. 3- Knowing the statistically difference of the self-image to the elderly due to variables like (the gender , martial status and place of residency). 4- Knowing the statistically difference of the depression of the elderly due to (the gender , martial status and place of residency). 5- Knowing the relationship between the self-image and depression of the elderly. To reach to the aims of the research , the researcher built a tool to measure self-image and other to measure the psychological disorders for elderly , and after investigation of their validity and reliability he applied them on a random sample of elderly (their number w

This current study aims at recognizing the feelings of Baghdad University students towards life quality. The research variables are: gender (male, female), the academic specialization (science, humanities), the academic stage (2^nd, 4^th). To achieve the research aims, the researcher adopted Life Quality Scale of (Mensi and Kadhim 2006) which is consist of (56) items in its final figure in five alternatives. The researcher tested the psychometric features of the scale represented by validity and reliability. The scale has been applied on a sample of Baghdad University students that is contained of (240) students equally distributed in the Colleges of Engineering, Science, Arts, and Political sciences.

أهمية البحث والحاجة إليه:

تبدو لنا المسؤولية الاجتماعية بأنها أحدى الخصائص التي يكتسبها الفرد من بيئته الاجتماعية, بتأثير مجموعة القيم التي تحكم سلوك الأفراد في ذلك المجتمع فتبدأ المسؤولية الاجتماعية بأولى صورها على شكل إدراك الفرد لمتطلبات المجتمع وإدراكه لدوره في المساهمة في أنجاز تلك المتطلبات, وفي الواقع إن الإدراك لوحده لا يكفي لان يمارس الفرد مسؤوليته داخل المجتمع, فيظهر المستوى الأخر و

Construction of photographed bullying scale of kindergarteners was the aim of this study. The study conducted to answer the raised question, could the bullying among kindergarteners be measured?. A total of (200) boy and girl were selected from city of Baghdad to be the sample of the study. The scale composed of (27) item with colored pictures. It takes about (15) minuets to answer the whole scale items. SPSS tools were used to process the collected data. The result showed that the bullying among kindergarteners could be measured.

This research aims to identify the following :

• The reading willingness skill to kindergarten children.
• There is no statistical significance difference between average scores of reading willingness skill of the sample individuals as a whole, and the hypothetical average of the scale.
• The difference in reading willingness skill to kindergarten children according to gender variable (male & female).
• There is no statistical significance difference between average scores of reading willingness skill for kindergarten children according to gender variable (male & female).

   To achieve the research goals, the researc

This study seeks to answer urgent questions about the role of new media that have emerged recently, such as the Internet and social networking sites and information services through mobile and others to increase awareness among young people, especially university students. during a field study that took place on a sample of students in the Department of Media at the University of Petra Kingdom of Jordan during the second semester in 2013 in the study the researcher finds increased attention and follow-up by young people for many of the world events and regional and local communities through exposure to a number of new media; in the forefront of the Internet and increase the level of awareness and interests young people do many of the eve