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Calculations of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for Free Space Optical Communication Systems
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In this paper, we calculate and measure the SNR theoretically and experimental for digital full duplex optical communication systems for different ranges in free space, the system consists of transmitter and receiver in each side. The semiconductor laser (pointer) was used as a carrier wave in free space with the specification is 5mW power and 650nm wavelength. The type of optical detector was used a PIN with area 1mm2 and responsively 0.4A/W for this wavelength. The results show a high quality optical communication system for different range from (300-1300)m with different bit rat (60-140)kbit/sec is achieved with best values of the signal to noise ratio (SNR).

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2011
Journal Name
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal
Free radical scavenging activity of silibinin in nitrite-induced hemoglobin oxidation and membrane fragility models
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 29 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Dependent Element and Free Actions of Centralizer and Reverse Centralizer on Prime and Semiprime Semirings
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     This paper develops the work of Mary Florence et.al. on centralizer of semiprime semirings and presents reverse centralizer of semirings with several propositions and lemmas. Also introduces the notion of dependent element and free actions on semirings with some results of free action of centralizer and reverse centralizer on semiprime semirings and some another mappings.

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 24 2024
Journal Name
Mathematics
Identification of Time-Wise Thermal Diffusivity, Advection Velocity on the Free-Boundary Inverse Coefficient Problem
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This paper is concerned with finding solutions to free-boundary inverse coefficient problems. Mathematically, we handle a one-dimensional non-homogeneous heat equation subject to initial and boundary conditions as well as non-localized integral observations of zeroth and first-order heat momentum. The direct problem is solved for the temperature distribution and the non-localized integral measurements using the Crank–Nicolson finite difference method. The inverse problem is solved by simultaneously finding the temperature distribution, the time-dependent free-boundary function indicating the location of the moving interface, and the time-wise thermal diffusivity or advection velocities. We reformulate the inverse problem as a non-

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Publication Date
Sun May 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education (int-jecs)
Study of some visual functions and functional variables of the respiratory and nervous systems and their relationship to the level of achievement of air rifle shooting
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The purpose of this paper is to identifying the relationship between some visual functions and the level of achievement of air rifle shooting among young Iraqi female, and identifying the relationship between some functional variables of the respiratory and nervous systems at the level of achievement of air rifle shooting among young Iraqi female. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the correlative relationships style for its suitability and the research problem. The researchers determined the research community by the intentional method represented by (10) young female shooters who represent the national team with air rifle shooting effectiveness, and who represent (100%) of the research community. One of the most important re

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2022
Journal Name
Standards
Observation of a Signal Suppressing Effect in a Binary Mixture of Glycol-Water Contamination in Engine Oil with Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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An in-depth experimental study of the matrix effect of antifreeze (ethylene glycol) and water contamination of engine oil through FT-IR spectroscopy. With a comparison of the percent by volume concentration of contaminated fresh 15W-40 engine oil, there appeared to be a noticeable reduction in the O–H stretching signal in the infrared spectrum when ethylene glycol based antifreeze was included as a contaminant. The contaminants of distilled water, a 50/50 mixture of water and commercial ethylene glycol antifreeze, and straight ethylene glycol antifreeze were compared and a signal reduction in the O–H stretch was clearly evident when glycol was present. Doubling the volume of the 50/50 mixture as compared to water alone still res

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Positron Annihilation Lifetime Study on free Volume Changes in TLD by Gamma - irradiation
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Positron annihilation lifetime has been utilized for the first time to investigate the free - volume hole properties in thermolumenscent dosimeter ( TLD ) as a function of gamma-dosc . The hole volume, free volume fraction determined form orthopsitronium lifetime are found to be ?lamatically increase to large values , and then to minimum values as a function ofgamma-dose . The free - volume holes size is found to be 0.163nm’ and to have maximum of 0.166nm^ at the gamma-dose of 0.1 and 0.8 Gy, respectively-

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Free Fatty Acids and Biochemical Changes in Iraqi patients with Chronic Renal Failure
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Chronic renal failure (CRF) is progressive irreversible destruction of kidney tissue by disease which, if not treated by dialysis or transplant, will result in patient's death. This study was carried out on 30 patients (17 male and 13 female) with chronic renal failure. The aim of this research was studied the changes in the level of total protein ,albumin, calcium ,ionized calcium, phosphorous , iron ,ALP, LDH ,CK and FFA in patients with CRF before and after hemodialysis .The obtained results have been compared with 30 healthy subjects as control group (18male and 12 female). The results showed that there was significant increase in the level of calcium ,ionized calcium, phosphorous ,iron ,ALP,LDH,CK and FFA ,while there was a signifi

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Feeling of Job Alienation and Its Relationship to Organizational Commitment among Free Lecturers in Secondary Schools: Imam Al-Kadhum College (peace be upon him ( Kindergarten and Special Education Department
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The current study aims to identify the feeling of job alienation and organizational commitment among free lecturers in secondary schools, as well as to identify the significance of the differences in the feeling of job alienation according to the gender and the significance of the differences in organizational commitment according to the gender. It also aims to identify the correlation between the feeling of job alienation and organizational commitment. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher developed two scales: one consisted of (24) items to measure the vacancy in job alienation and the other consisted of (24) items to measure the organizational commitment. The two tools were applied to a sample of (200) male and fem

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 04 2022
Journal Name
Lecture Notes In Mechanical Engineering
Effect of Stator Core Materials on the Performance Characteristics of a Free Piston Linear Generator Engine
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 22 2024
Journal Name
Reports Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology
Association of Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Free Testosterone with Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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