This study deals with the serviceability of reinforced concrete solid and perforated rafters with openings of different shapes and sizes based on an experimental study that includes 12 post-fire non-prismatic reinforced concrete beams (solid and perforated). Three groups were formed based on heating temperature (room temperature, 400 °C, and 700 °C), each group consisting of four rafters (solid, rafters with 6 and 8 trapezoidal openings, and rafter with eight circular openings) under static loading. A developed unified calculation technique for deflection and crack widths under static loading at the service stage has been provided, which comprises non-prismatic beams with or without opening exposed to flexure concentra

Background: with the advent of new postmaterial in dentistry, it has become important to measure fitness of post restoration along the horizontal plane of the root space.This study aimed to measure and compare, the cement film thickness of conventional zinc phosphate cement in micrometer between the post and root dentin along horizontal plane at different post space regions (coronal, middle and apical) of four types of posts, by using stereomicroscopy. Material and methods: Thirty-two extracted human maxillary canines, mandibular canines and maxillary central incisors (n=32) were instrumented with ProTaper system files (hand use) and obturated with gutta-percha for ProTaper and AH26® root canal sealer. After 24hrs of incubation at 37ºC, p

Background: Neudesin is a peptide secreted in brain and adipose tissues that has neural and metabolic functions. Its role as regulator of energy expenditure leads to assumption that its level may be regulated depending on thyroid gland pathology. Objective: This study aimed to investigate serum neudesin levels in patients with thyroidism and to evaluate1 any possible relationship between plasma neudesin levels and thyroid hormone levels. Methods: The study included 100 women with newly diagnosed thyroidisim were subdivided into two groups: hyperthyroidism group (50 female patients with age ranged from 18 to 60 years) and hypothyroidism group (50 female patients with age ranged from 18 to 75 years). A control group (30 healthy females with a

BACKGROUND: Diffuse astrocytomas constitute the largest group of primary malignant human intracranial tumours. They are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) into three histological malignancy grades: diffuse astrocytomas (grade II), anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) and glioblastoma (grade IV) based on histopathological features such as cellular atypia, mitotic activity, necrosis and microvascular proliferation. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a 170-kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in a variety of normal and malignant cells regulating critical cellular processes. When activated, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers several signalling cascades leading to increased proliferatio

BACKGROUND. KI-67 (MKI-67 in humans) is a protein able to bind to DNA which contributes to cell growth and cell proliferation. KI-67 is currently considered as a biomarker that is widely utilized as prognostic indicator for evaluating cell proliferation, diagnosing diseases, and conducting research. Several different kinds of cancer have high Ki-67 expression, which simplifying the choice of treatment for individuals with various cancer types.AIM. The objective was to evaluate the expression of KI67 in patients suffering papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) also the association between patients age and gender and KI67 expression.MATERIALS AND METHODS. To undertake an in-

This study was aimed to determine bone formation markers (OST and BALP) and lysyl oxidase in diabetes and non-diabetes Iraqi acromegaly patients in addition to find the relationship among these parameters. The present study conducted 60 acromegalic patients (30 diabetes & 30 non diabetes) attending National Diabetes Center / AL-Mustansiriya University/Baghdad, and 30 healthy individuals as a control group aged (35-60) years. All patients were administrated Sandostatin drug, and they were diagnosed by physician in the hospital.FBG, GH, IGF-1, OST, BALP, and LOX were determined in all groups. The results showed a highly significant rise in all parameters (GH, IGF-1, FBG, OST, BALP, and LOX values in serum of all patients when compared with n

Vitamin K-dependent protein (VKDP) contributes to the development of lung cancer. The purpose of this research was to better understanding of the role of blood matrix Gla protein (MGP), VKDPs, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Vitamin K (Vit K) in Iraqi patients with lung cancer before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Blood samples were collected from Al amal National Hospital for cancer treatment from October 2021 to May 2022, and a total of 80 samples were collected, divided into two groups (40 patient before taking a chemotherapy and 40 patients after taking chemotherapy), ranging in age from 20 to 45 years old. The results showed that although there were highly statistically significant differences in MD