ABSTRACTBackground: In Iraq smoking is a common habit in both the urban and rural areas. There are many respiratory diseases like chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma and emphysema which are related to chronic tobacco smoking.Objectives: To study the effect of tobacco smoking on the respiratory system, to establish a correlation between chronic tobacco smoking and its effects on the parameters which were studied and to create awareness in tobacco smokers about the effects of tobacco on their healthMethod: In this study 100 male subjects, 50 chronic smokers and 50 non- smokers were assessed for their pulmonary function tests by using a computerized spirometer.Results: Almost all their respiratory parameters were significantly reduced.

Energy Loss Function (ELF) of 2 5 Ta O derived from optical limit
and extended to the total part of momentum and their energy
excitation region ELF plays an important function in calculating
energy loss of electron in materials. The parameter Inelastic Mean
Free Path (IMFP) is most important in quantitative surface sensitive
electron spectroscopies, defined as the average distance that an
electron with a given energy travels between successive inelastic
collisions. The stopping cross section and single differential crosssection
SDCS are also calculated and gives good agreement with
previous work.

Cancer is one of the dangerous diseases that afflict a person through injury to cells and tissues in the body, where a person is vulnerable to infection in any age group, and it is not easy to control and multiply between cells and spread to the body. In spite of the great progress in medical studies interested in this aspect, the options for those with this disease are few and difficult, as they require significant financial costs for health services and for treatment that is difficult to provide.

This study dealt with the determinants of liver cancer by relying on the data of cancerous tumours taken from the Iraqi Center for Oncology in the Ministry of Health 2017. Survival analysis has been used as a m

Some physical properties enthalpy (?H), entropy (?s), free energy (?G),capacities(?cp?) and Pka values) for valine in dimethyl foramideover the temperature range 293.15-318.15K, were determined by direct conductance measurements. The acid dissociation at six temperature was examined at solvent composition x2) involving 0.141 of dimethyl foramide . As results, calculated values have been used to determine the dissociation constant and the associated thermodynamic function for the valine in the solvent mixture over temperatures in the range 293.15-318.15 k. The Pka1, and Pka2 were increased with increasing temperature.

Nowadays, the field of radionuclide treatment is enjoying an exciting stage and preparing for further growth and progress in the future. For instance, in Asia, the large spread of liver and thyroid diseases has resulted in several new developments/clinical trials using molecular radiotherapy (i.e. targeted radionuclide therapy). Iodine-124 has unique physical properties including long half-life that adding an advantage for pharmacokinetics and radiopharmaceutical analysis. One of its applications in nuclear medicine is in Positron Emission Tomography (PET).

Abstract. In this work, some new concepts were introduced and the relationship between them was studied. These concepts are filter directed-toward, nano-closure-directed-toward and nano-closure-converge to point, and some theories and results about these concepts were presented. A definition almost-nano-converges for set, almost-nano-cluster-point, and definition of quasi-nano-Hausdorff-closed and was also called nano-Hausdorff-closed relative, were also presented several theories related to these definitions were presented and the relationship between them was studied . We also provided other generalizations, including nano closure continuous mappings and it was also called as nano-weaklycontinuous- mappings, as well as providing a definit

The Boltzmann transport equation is solved by using two- terms approximation for pure gases . This method of solution is used to calculate the electron energy distribution function and electric transport parameters were evaluated in the range of E/N varying from . 172152110./510.VcmENVcm
From the results we can conclude that the electron energy distribution function of CF4 gas is nearly Maxwellian at (1,2)Td, and when E/N increase the distribution function is non Maxwellian. Behavior of electrons transport parameters is nearly from the experimental results in references. The drift velocity of electron in carbon tetraflouride is large compared with other gases

Dominated the global arena attempts historic centers of imperialism (the United States, Europe, and Japan) to maintain its control of exclusive on the planet through a combination of economic globalization and liberal policies, which allow for capital transit of nationalism, of the Trinity, that is unique to issue decisions alone in all issues, including the interests of these countries alone . But the global landscape began to change with the entry of the twenty-first century world, although the United States, Europe and Japan remain in the list of major economic powers today, but it can not question the idea that the rising powers (Russia, China and India), has transferred the impact of rise to the level of major powers and the re-arrange

This work, deals with Kumaraswamy distribution. Kumaraswamy (1976, 1978) showed well known probability distribution functions such as the normal, beta and log-normal but in (1980) Kumaraswamy developed a more general probability density function for double bounded random processes, which is known as Kumaraswamy’s distribution. Classical maximum likelihood and Bayes methods estimator are used to estimate the unknown shape parameter (b). Reliability function are obtained using symmetric loss functions by using three types of informative priors two single priors and one double prior. In addition, a comparison is made for the performance of these estimators with respect to the numerical solution which are found using expansion method. The

his analysis aims to establish Riemann-Liouville derivation andintegral operators regarding the recently suggested seven-parameter Mittag-Leffler function then investigates the corresponding special cases. In addition,certain notable results associated with those new operators have been dis-cussed