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Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Oxide Impregnated on Silica from Duck Egg Shells and Rice Husks as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Synthesis
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Biodiesel can be prepared from various types of vegetable oils or animal fats with the aid of a catalyst.
Calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the prospective heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis. Modification
of CaO by impregnation on silica (SiO2) can improve the performance of CaO as catalyst. Egg shells and rice
husks as biomass waste can be used as raw materials for the preparation of the silica modified CaO catalyst.
The present study was directed to synthesize and characterize CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst from biomass
waste and apply it as catalyst in biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation
method and characterized by x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and
basicity density. The activity of the catalyst in biodiesel synthesis was assayed at different molar ratios of
palm oil to methanol ranging from 1:6, 1:9, 1:12 and 1:15. The biodiesel composition was determined by gas
chromatography-mass spectroscopy and the properties of the biodiesel were also characterized. The results
showed that the CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst was successfully synthesized based on confirmation by XRD
and XRF. The catalyst has a surface area, average pore diameter, total pore volume, and basicity density of
19.38 m2
/g, 3.22 nm, 0.0122 cm3
/g, and 3.4 mmol/g, respectively. The catalyst activity assay indicates that
the molar ratio of palm oil to methanol of 1:12 is the optimum condition for biodiesel synthesis. At this
molar ratio, 81.4% biodiesel yield was achieved, and it met the quality standards according to ASTM D
6751.

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Publication Date
Thu May 09 2024
Journal Name
Polymer Bulletin
Synthesis, characterization and investigation of liquid crystalline properties for some cross-link polymers containing melamine
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Optik
Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/PMMA/ZnO hybrid nanocomposite thin films for humidity sensor application
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Synthesis and Characterization of New Phthalimides Containing 1,2,4-triazole and Imine Group
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Several new derivatives of 1, 2, 4-triazoles linked to phthalimide moiety were synthesized through following multisteps. The first step involved preparation of 2, 2-diphthalimidyl ethanoic acid [2] via reaction of two moles of phthalimide with dichloroacetic acid. Treatment of the resulted imide with ethanol in the second step afforded 2, 2-diphthalimidyl ester [3] which inturn was introduced in reaction with hydrazine hydrate in the third step, producing the corresponding hydrazide derivative [4]. The synthesized hydazide was introduced in different synthetic paths including treatment with carbon disulfide in alkaline solution then with hydrazine hydrate to afford the new 1, 2, 4-triazole [10]. Reaction of compound [10] with different alde

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Eurasian Chemical Communications
Characterization and synthesis of some new Schiff bases and their potential applications
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In this present work, [4,4`-(biphenyl-4,4`-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(2-methoxyphenl)(A1),4,4`-(biphenyl-4,4`-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)diphenol(A2),1,1`-(biphenyl-4,4`-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene) dinaphthalen-2-ol (A3)]C.S was prepared in 3.5% NaCl. Corrosion prevention at (293-323) K has been studied by using electrochemical measurements. It shows that the utilized inhibitors are of mixed type based on the polarization curves. The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency changes were used with a change according to the functional groups on the benzene ring and through the electrochemical technique. Temperature increases with corrosion current

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 02 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds and Their Antibacterial Study
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 21 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Synthesis and characterization of new heterocyclic compounds and studying the biological activity
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME DISUBSTUTITED-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME DISUBSTUTITED-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
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The purpose of this study is to determine the useful of Schiff bases derivatives containing (oxazepine, tetrazole) rings with biological activity which can be used as drug and antimicrobial, the present work is started from [Binary (2,5(4,'4-diaminophenyl) – 1,3,4 – oxadiazole]. A variety of Schiff bases and heterocyclic (oxazepine, tetrazole) have been synthesis, and confirm that structures by physical properties , FTIR , 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, [Microbial study against three type of bacteria (staphylococcus aurea and klebsiella pneumonia) and (Canadida albncans) fungi].All analyzation performed in center of consulatation University of Jordan.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of some New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives based on 4-amino benzoic acid
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Various of 2,5- disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole (Schiff base, ?- lactam and azo) were synthesized from 2,5-di (4,4?-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole which usequently synth-esized from mixture of 4- amino benzoic acid and hydrazine arch of polyphosphorus acid. The synthesized compounds were cherecterized by using some spectral data (UV, FT-IR , and 1H-NMR)

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 09 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization of Poly Heterocyclic Compounds, and Effect on Cancer Cell (Hep-2) In vitro.
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A synthesis series of new heterocyclic derivatives (A2-A7) (pyrrole, pyridazine, oxazine and imidazol) derived from 4-acetyl-2,5-dichloro-1-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate(A1) have been synthesised. Synthesis of compound (A2) by the reaction of starting material (A1) with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in the presence of pyridine. Compound (A2) was reacted with hydrazine hydrate in dry benzene to give (A3) derivative. The compound )A3( deals with sodium nitrite to give diazonium salt, and the reaction diazonium salt with ethyl acetoacetate to produce compound (A4). To a mixture of compound (A4) and hydroxyl amine with sttired to yield (A5).Compound (A6) was prepared by reaction compound (A4) with thiosemicarbazide in presence

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Fabrication and characterization of zinc oxide nanorods coated by graphene oxide ZnO-NR@GO as a potential hybrid material photocatalyst
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Hybrid architecture of ZnO nanorods/graphene oxide ZnO-NRs@GO synthesized by electrostatic self-assembly methods. The morphological, optical and luminescence characteristics of ZnO-NRs@GO and ZnO-NRs thin films have been described by FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, and AFM, which refers to graphene oxide have been coated ZnO-NRs with five layers. Here we synthesis ZnO-NRs@GO by simple, cheap and environmentally friendly method, which made it favorable for huge -scale preparation in many applications such as photocatalyst. ZnO-NRs@GO was applied as a photocatalyst Rodamin 6 G (R6G) dye from water using 532 nm diode laser-induced photocatalytic process. Overall degradation of R6G/ ZnO-NRs@GO was achieved after 90 minutes of laser irradiation while it ne

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