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bsj-7789
Traditional and molecular methods for diagnosing bacterial meningitis in Erbil city, Iraq
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Bacterial meningitis is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. It is crucial for clinical and public health care, as well as disease control, to identify the meningitis-causing agent promptly. Between June 2021-February 2022, a total of 100 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples were collected from suspected cases of meningitis admitted to Raparin Paediatric Teaching Hospital, Erbil city-Iraq. Cytochemical, cultural, and biochemical tests were conducted, and confirmed by molecular techniques. Bacterial culture findings were positive in 7% of CSF samples and just one positive among blood samples. The most common pathogens found by cultural characteristics and VITEK 2 Compact System were Staphylococcus sciuri in two cases  2%, Staphylococcus xylosus in one case  1%, Escherichia coli in two instances  2%, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Micrococcus luteus each in one case  1%. Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus  xylosus, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Micrococcus luteus were first recorded as bacterial meningitis in Erbil/Iraq. All isolates were confirmed by PCR assay. All clinical isolates were screened for some antimicrobial sensitivity, meropenem and tobramycin have been shown to be totally resistant  100%  to all isolated bacteria, furthermore, isolated E coli showed highly resistant  100  to cefotaxime, gentamycin, pencillin, ceftriaxone, rifampin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, erythromycin, ampicillin, and clindamycin, while they were sensitive (100%) to amikacin and imipenem as well as all the gram positive bacteria were resistant  100%  to optochin and sensitive (100%) to gentamycin, and trimethoprim. In bacterial meningitis patients, high C-reactive protein (CRP)  >6 mg/dl, high CSF protein  >50 mg/dl, low CSF glucose level  <40 mg/dl and high leukocyte count  >100 cells/mm3  were all substantially diagnostic.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
(The Segmentation of Industrial Market and its Effect in Targeting Market : An descriptive analytical study for a sample of industrial companies in Iraq)
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 This study deals with segmenting the industrial market as an independent variable and targeting the industrial market as a dependent variable. Since the industrial sector represents one of the most important fundamental pillars to build the economies of countries and their development , the Iraqi industrial sector was chosen as a population for the study . Based on measuring the study variables , identifying them and testing the correlation and effect on each other , the study reached a group of findings:

1- Increasing the level of availability of study variables inside the companies “The study sample”.

2- There is a correlation between the independent v

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 17 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
THE POSSIBILITY OF THE APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FINES TO REDUCE THE WASTE GENERATED FROM THE SHOPE AND RESTAURANTS IN THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ CASE STUDY.: THE POSSIBILITY OF THE APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FINES TO REDUCE THE WASTE GENERATED FROM THE SHOPE AND RESTAURANTS IN THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ CASE STUDY.
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The research aims to identify the possibility of applying environmental fines to commercial shops and restaurants to reduce the environmental pollution represented by the wastes generated from them. The research sample was divided into two groups, including the first (20) commercial shops (meat shops and slaughter it, fruits & vegetables, legumes and accessories) and second (30) Restaurant in the city of Baghdad on both sides of Karkh and Rusafa. The quality of the waste was classified into carton, plastic, aluminum, glass, paper, cork and food waste. The study revealed the possibility of applying environmental fines to restaurants and shops to reduce the waste generated from them throughout the year and to apply continuous monitorin

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Advances In Public Health
Detection of Antibiotics in Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Baghdad City, Iraq
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Persistence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment has raised concerns regarding their potential influence on potable water quality and human health. This study analyzes the presence of antibiotics in potable water from two treatment plants in Baghdad City. The collected samples were separated using a solid-phase extraction method with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) cartridge before being analyzed. The detected antibiotics in the raw and finished drinking water were analyzed and assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with fluorometric detector and UV detector. The results confirmed that different antibiotics including fluoroquinolones andB-lactams were detected in the raw an

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Analytical Approaches between New Media and Traditional Media
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The research deals with an analytical approach between new media and traditional one in the light of the changes imposed by technology, which has been able to change a number of common concepts in the field of communication and media. The researcher tries to find an analytical explanation of the relationship between technology by being an influential factor in building the information society, which is the basis of new media, and the technical output that influenced the forms of social relations and linguistic construction as a human communication tool. The research deals with an analytical approach between new media and traditional one in the light of the changes imposed by technology, which has been able to change a number of comm

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Private Financial Institutions and their Role in the Development of Small and Medium sized Enterprises in Iraq
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the reality of small and medium enterprises analysis reflects weaknesses plaguing these enterprises and strengths that are characterized by, and thus the formulation of appropriate solutions to the obstacles faced by these enterprises to enhance its contribution to the achievement of economic and social development. Iraqi small and medium enterprises suffer from several obstacles stand in front of development and  support their competitiveness, the finance one of the main obstacles which impede growth and development of these enterprises, noting the banking system in Iraq reluctance to lend to small and medium-sized enterprises, as a result of the high cost of lending these enterprises compared to large projects, as well as

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 11 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Impact of Different Degrees of Uterine Prolapse on Sexual Function of Women at Teaching Hospitals in Al-Hilla City
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Background: Women sexuality is basic right and it plays a major role in women's Health aspects. Up is one of the factors that lead to sexual dysfunction while the incidence of it is rising as UP severity being more. Objectives: To assess the impact of different degrees of uterine prolapse on sexual function of women at teaching hospitals in AL-Hilla City. Methodology: A descriptive analytical study was conducted from 1ST Feb to 10th Jun /2014 to assess the impact of different degrees of uterine prolapse on sexual function for women who attend to consultant clinic at teaching hospitals in AL-Hilla City

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of business incubators represented by the banking system in financing small and medium enterprises in Iraq for the period 2000-2010
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The process of transformation from the central economy to a free economy requires restructuring the economy according to a new economic philosophy that relies on activating the role of private economic activity in which private and medium-sized institutions occupy an essential axis for their active role in the economies of all countries, especially those countries that have directed towards the market mechanism and sector leadership. The special process of economic development and the role that commercial banks can play in advancing the financing of these projects by establishing specialized business incubators for financing.

What encouraged countries to pay attention to these institutions is the ease of

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
BUMPINESS IN THE ATMOSPHERE IN IRAQ STUDY IN THE GEOGRAPHY OF CLIMATE
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Bumpiness in the atmosphere is the vertical movement of air, whether
upward or downward movement and the bumpiness is accompanied by areas
of unrest in the air and wind. And contribute to each of the coups thermal
fronts, wind, wind and thunderstorms. Moreover, bumpiness is net of the
reasons that lead to circumstances is appropriate to cut the wind, and this
contributes to the formation of bumpiness in the atmosphere. The study found
that the noon of the times, which is expected to occur where clear-air
bumpiness during flights because of the warmth of the earth's surface. The
study found increased incidence of air hole during the summer, especially
July, due to increased incidence of coup surface, while the s

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System's Structure at Al-Russafa Health Directorate in Baghdad City
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Objective: evaluation of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance (AFP) System's Structure at Al-Russafa Health directorate in Baghdad City. Methodology: descriptive study using evaluation approach conducted to measure the efficiency of AFP Surveillance System structure for period from November 27th 2014 to June 30th 2015. The study adopted the non-probability multi-stage sampling approach. As nineteen health facilities under surveillance are chosen and interview is conducted with a total of 50 health worker how are involved in the AFP Surveillance System. The data are gathered from sample by using question

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Employing traditional symbols and popular beliefs in the designs of fabrics, clothing women's home
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The woman's choice of clothing is no longer supported on the basis of the available forms of design in general. It is the interaction of design relationships with the receiver structure that reflects the character of integrated women with an emphasis on attractions pulling attention, all of these interventions reach us to the need to emphasize through this search Picking the perfect symbols of heritage in every sense of the popular beliefs of the employed in the designs of apparel fabrics women's home included a search of four chapters deal with the first problem of the research which you can employ the traditional symbols and popular beliefs in the designs of household apparel fabrics in order to raise the aesthetic value and utility of

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