In this work, an enhanced Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor using a sided polished structure for the detection of toxic ions Arsenic in water was designed and implemented. The SPR curve can be obtained by polishing the side of the PCF after coating the Au film on the side of the polished area, the SPR curve can be obtained. The proposed sensor has a clear SPR effect, according to the findings of the experiments. The estimated signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), sensitivity (S), resolution (R), and Figures of merit (FOM) are approaching; the SNR is 0.0125, S is 11.11 μm/RIU, the resolution is 1.8x〖10〗^(-4), and the FOM is 13.88 for Single-mode Fiber- Photonic Crystal Fiber- single mode Fiber (SMF-PCF-SMF). While the effective performance parameters for Multi-Mode Fiber- Photonic Crystal Fiber- Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF-PCF-MMF) such as the sensitivity is approaching 9.5 μm/RIU, SNR is 0.0173, FOM is10.86 and the resolution is 4x〖10〗^(-4) is achieved. The concentrations were calculated practically and theoretically for each of the sensors, and it was found that the practical concentrations that were obtained are close or equal to the concentrations that were theoretically obtained through the dilution law, where the concentrations were obtained 0.096, 0.15, 0.26, 0.38, 0.49 practically and 0.1, 0.2 and 0 3, 0.4 and 0.5 theoretically For SMF-PCF-SMS, concentrations of 0.089, 0.16, 0.23, 0.34, and 0.45 were practically obtained, and 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 theoretically for MMF-PCF-MMF. The suggested sensor has a strong mechanical structure, low cost, and easy fabrication, allowing it to provide a greater measurement range and action area to the measured samples without lengthening the sensor.
User confidentiality protection is concerning a topic in control and monitoring spaces. In image, user's faces security in concerning with compound information, abused situations, participation on global transmission media and real-world experiences are extremely significant. For minifying the counting needs for vast size of image info and for minifying the size of time needful for the image to be address computationally. consequently, partial encryption user-face is picked. This study focuses on a large technique that is designed to encrypt the user's face slightly. Primarily, dlib is utilizing for user-face detection. Susan is one of the top edge detectors with valuable localization characteristics marked edges, is used to extract
... Show MoreIn this paper, we employ the maximum likelihood estimator in addition to the shrinkage estimation procedure to estimate the system reliability (
Background: Porcelain veneers are under a great deal of stress which may lead to clinical failure as fracture or dettachment. This study examined whether different finishing lines and lingual shoulder preparations in the incisal area of the maxillary central incisor affect the bond of the porcelain veneers. Materials and methods: A two- dimensional finite element model was made. Location and magnitude of maximum Von Mises stresses were calculated in porcelain veneer. Six types of preparations were drawn as:incisal overlap of 0.5mm, 1mm and 1.5mm depth and lingual shoulder, and incisal overlap of 0.5mm, 1mm and 1.5mm depth without shoulder preparation. Results: Stress formation is maximum in the incisal edge region. All the lingual shoulder
... Show MoreTooth restoration one of the most common procedures in dental practice. The replacement of the entire restoration leads to loss of tooth structure and increase risk of pulp injury; replacement is also time consuming and costly. According to the minimally invasive approach when minimal defects, repair is the better choice than the total replacement of the restoration. This study aims to evaluate repair rating versus replacement treatment procedure for defective composite fillings among Iraqi dentists. Material and methodology: A questionnaire survey were designed and distributed to 184 post-graduate dentists in Iraq. The inquiry pertained general information; including their clinical experience in years, their preference in terms of direct c
... Show MoreWith growing global demand for hydrocarbons and decreasing conventional reserves, the gas industry is shifting its focus in the direction of unconventional reservoirs. Tight gas reservoirs have typically been deemed uneconomical due to their low permeability which is understood to be below 0.1mD, requiring advanced drilling techniques and stimulation to enhance hydrocarbons. However, the first step in determining the economic viability of the reservoir is to see how much gas is initially in place. Numerical simulation has been regarded across the industry as the most accurate form of gas estimation, however, is extremely costly and time consuming. The aim of this study is to provide a framework for a simple analytical method to esti
... Show MoreObjectives: the study aims to findout the effectiveness of educational program concerning infection control guideline on nurses, and to find out the relationship between effectiveness of program and types of hospital unit, age, level of education, and years of experience of nurses. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design study was carried out in Baghdad teaching hospital in the wards, for the period of December, 20th 2013 to September, 30th of July 2014, The study samples is composed of (60) nurses who have been actually working in the medical ward, blood disease, psychiatric ward, and neurological war
Turkey Consider Tigris and Euphrates rivers as a national rivers, and not an a International rivers, so that . It insists on its absolute sovereignty on that resources. The block ( levee ) which Turkey established should not create International problems.
The All International agreements and laws in this sect warrant the rights of all the states that located in river stream to use it without any consider to the regional absolute right.
During the 1980s, Turkey construct water projects, started with GAP, project which is one of the greatest project in the world, in spite of the plane of construct of the keep an levee on the Euphrates was pre of that project. The
... Show MoreReceipt date:3/13/2021 accepted date:5/26/2021 Publication date:12/31/2021
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
energy is one of the strategic resources within international politics, and this is through the existing competition between the international powers on it, and the global powers have begun to rely on interest in new areas, such as import, depending on new projects an
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