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An evaluation of waste and well water quality for agriculture production around Erbil city, Iraq
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Erbil city is located in the northern Iraq with a population of over one million people. Due to water crises farmers usually use wastewater and well water for the agricultural production. In this study six stations were designed to sample waste water and three from well water to define waste water and ground water characteristics. In this study, Residual Na+ Carbonate, Mg++ hazard, salinity hazard, Kelley index, %sodium, total hardness, permeability index, potential salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were determined. The order of average cation concentrations in water was Mg2+> Ca2+ > Na+ > K+. While the proportion of main anions in water were HCO3 >SO4 > Cl. The highest concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ were found in well water, while the highest concentration of K+ was found in wastewater. The maximum concentration of HCO3 and Cl recorded in well water, while the highest concentration SO4 recorded in wastewater. Moreover, the order of trace elements was Pb > Al > Fe > Cd > As > Mn >Cr > Ag > Ni. Keeping in mind metal concentration set by  US EPA and FAO (1999) and (1994) guidelines the levels of Pb, Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ag and Ni in the waste and well water were within the admissible limitations  for irrigation schemes. Moreover, limitations of As and Cd were beyond permissible limitation need to be reduced.  The IWQI ranged from 88.92 to 95.09 in the waste water samples. Overall assessment reveals that cultivated agriculture plants were secured from toxic compounds.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Production Load–bearing Concrete Masonry Units by Using Recycled Waste Crushed Clay Bricks; A Review
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There are serious environmental problems in all countries of the world, due to the waste material such as crushed clay bricks (CCB) and in huge quantities resulting from the demolition of buildings. In order to reduce the effects of this problem as well as to preserve natural resources, it is possible to work on recycling (CCB) and to use it in the manufacture of environmentally friendly loaded building units by replacing percentages in coarse aggregate by volume. It can be used as a powder and replacing of percentages in cement by weight and study the effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete and the masonry unit. Evaluation of its performance through workability, dry density, compressive strength, thermal conduct

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 17 2014
Journal Name
African Journal Of Microbiology Research
Xylanase production using fruit waste as cost effective carbon source from thermo-tolerant Bacillus megaterium
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 29 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
The net effect of the nominal protection coefficients in the production of table eggs and poultry meat in Iraq For the period 1990- 2013.: The net effect of the nominal protection coefficients in the production of table eggs and poultry meat in Iraq For the period 1990- 2013.
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The research aims to measure the net nominal protection coefficients for the products table eggs and poultry meat and the extent of its impact on domestic production volume for the period of 1990- 2013 has been the use of mathematical formulas simplified in the calculation of the transaction process with a view to the extent of support and protection offered by the state pricing policy for products Resources Sector Animal in Iraq and reach search Highlights and most important, there are volatile price state policy with regard to eggs and poultry meat, as it ranged net nominal protection coefficients between the larger and less than the right one, which means that values are unstable to support local producers or consumers, and can be The

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 23 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employment of Body Language in Television Advertising An Analytical Study of Al-Hayat TV Commercials (The Egyptian Series as a Model)
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Whatever the designers of the advertisement in choosing the text and spoken phrases, those phrases cannot give or convey the full meaning to the recipient only if this spoken and written language is reinforced with another language based on the signals, movements, and symbols that are displayed using the body or other artistic elements of the advertisement such as pictures, colors, music, effects, and other elements used in the artistic construction of television advertising. All these artistic elements contribute to the completion of the advertising idea and make it ready to be displayed to the public.

Scientists and researchers, in the field of psychology, have relied a lot on this language (body language). And some of them put

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Civil And Environmental Engineering
Investigating the Critical Success Factors for Water Supply Projects: Case of Iraq
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Abstract<p>Water supply projects (WSP) requires high plan information, specialized capabilities, capable human resources, and high administrative capacity. However, in the developing countries, particularly in Iraq, these projects experience a lack of a large number of these necessities, which shows the need to identify the critical success factors (CSFs). Accordingly, the objectives of this research are to investigate the CSFs for WSP and their significance among the construction (public and private) and education sectors. To achieve this, first we have carried out a comprehensive literature review of the CSFs for WSP. Second, we administrated a questionnaire survey to 260 construction experts </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of Crestal Bone Resorption around Dental Implants in Flapped and Flapless Surgical Techniques Depending on Cone Beam CT Scan (Comparative Study)
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Background: The long term survival of dental implants is evaluated by the amount of crestal bone loss around the implants. Some initial loss of bone around dental implants is generally expected. There is reason to believe that reflecting a mucoperiosteal flap promotes crestal bone loss in the initial phase after an implant has been inserted. The surgical placement of a dental implant fixture is constantly changing and in recent years, there has been some interest in developing techniques that minimize the invasive nature of the procedure, with flapless implant surgery being advocated. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiographic level of the peri- implant bone after implant placement between traditional flapped surgery and f

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Treatment of polycyclic armoatic hydrocarbone in agriculture
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Despite the multiple sources of polycyclic compounds in the agricultural environment, this study suggests that it is possible to adopt the events of plants and their associated microorganisms in the soil, such as mushrooms and bacteria in the decomposition of these compounds can also use harvested plants such as barley and alfalfa grown for animal feed

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Solid Waste Treatment Using Multi-Criteria Decision Support Methods Case Study Lattakia City
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Lattakia city faces many problems related to the mismanagement of solid waste, as the disposal process is limited to the random Al-Bassa landfill without treatment. Therefore, solid waste management poses a special challenge to decision-makers by choosing the appropriate tool that supports strategic decisions in choosing municipal solid waste treatment methods and evaluating their management systems. As the human is primarily responsible for the formation of waste, this study aims to measure the degree of environmental awareness in the Lattakia Governorate from the point of view of the research sample members and to discuss the effect of the studied variables (place of residence, educational level, gender, age, and professional status) o

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2008
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
THE STUDY OF MINERALOGICAL AND MICROFACIES ANALYSIS SHIRANISH FORMATION WELL (KH-6) ANSAB AREA IN SOUTHERN IRAQ
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The study of Shiranish Formation rocks in southern part of Iraq at Ansab area well (KH-6)
were carried out. The formation is tongued with tayarat formation, which bounded from top
and bottom, the upper tongue at thickness 49m. and tongued at depth (476-525m.) the lower
tongue at thickness 4m. tongued at (541-537m.).
The rocks of this formation were divided into three sedimentary microfacies:
1- Dolomitized formininferal Wackestone facies.
2- Dolomitized formininferal Mudstone facies.
3- Dolostone facies.
34 slides were investigated depending on mineralogical, compositional and biological
processes and compared diagenesis which reflect open marine shelf at lower part of formation
(F.Z.2) (S.M.F.8), but at the

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Modeling Jar Test Results Using Gene Expression to Determine the Optimal Alum Dose in Drinking Water Treatment Plants
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Coagulation is the most important process in drinking water treatment. Alum coagulant increases the aluminum residuals, which have been linked in many studies to Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, it is very important to use it with the very optimal dose. In this paper, four sets of experiments were done to determine the relationship between raw water characteristics: turbidity, pH, alkalinity, temperature, and optimum doses of alum [   .14 O] to form a mathematical equation that could replace the need for jar test experiments. The experiments were performed under different conditions and under different seasonal circumstances. The optimal dose in every set was determined, and used to build a gene expression model (GEP). The models were co

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